Mendels Genetics

What is the primary focus of genetics?

• The study of plant growth

• The science of inheritance

• The analysis of animal behavior

• The classification of living organisms

When Gregor Mendel cross-bred pure violet-flowered pea plants with pure white-flowered pea plants, what was the outcome in the F1 generation?

• All offspring had white flowers

• All offspring had violet flowers

• Offspring had a mix of violet and white flowers in a 1:1 ratio

• Offspring had a mix of violet and white flowers in a 3:1 ratio

In Mendel's initial cross-breeding experiment between violet and white pea plants, which trait was considered dominant?

• The white flower trait

• The violet flower trait

• Neither, both were equally expressed

• The trait that appeared in the F2 generation

What was the approximate ratio of violet-flowering plants to white-flowering plants observed in the F2 generation when F1 violet flowers were cross-pollinated amongst themselves?

• 1:1

• 2:1

• 3:1

• 4:1

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What is the observable trait of a pea plant with heterozygous alleles for flower color, where violet (P) is dominant over white (p)?

• White

• Violet

• Pink

• Striped

When two pea plants heterozygous for flower color (Pp) are bred, what is the expected phenotypic ratio of violet to white flowers in the offspring?

• 1:1

• 2:1

• 3:1

• 1:2:1

Which of the following best describes the Law of Segregation?

• Alleles for different traits are distributed randomly to offspring.

• Inherited alleles are separated when producing gametes.

• Dominant alleles always mask recessive alleles.

• Genes located close together on a chromosome move together.

In a dihybrid cross involving two heterozygous parents (Yy Rr x Yy Rr), where Y (yellow) is dominant over y (green) and R (round) is dominant over r (wrinkled), what is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring?

• 1:2:1

• 3:1

• 9:3:3:1

• 1:1:1:1