Weathering and Erosion

What is weathering?

• The process of carrying away broken-down rocks and minerals.

• The process of breaking down or dissolving rocks and minerals on Earth's surface.

• The process of depositing sediments in a new location.

• Rapid changes to Earth's surface like volcanic eruptions.

What is the primary distinction between physical and chemical weathering?

• Physical weathering occurs quickly, while chemical weathering occurs slowly.

• Physical weathering involves breaking rocks into smaller pieces without changing their composition, while chemical weathering alters their chemical makeup.

• Chemical weathering is caused by water, while physical weathering is caused by wind.

• Physical weathering only affects the surface, while chemical weathering affects the interior of rocks.

Which of the following describes frost wedging?

• Water dissolving limestone underground to form caves.

• Wind eroding rock formations in the desert.

• Water freezing and expanding in rock cracks, causing them to split apart.

• Tree roots growing and pushing up sidewalks.

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How do living organisms contribute to the weathering of rocks and soil?

• They cause chemical reactions that change the rock's composition.

• They create thermal stress by changing temperatures around rocks.

• They break apart rocks and soil through growth, burrowing, and trampling.

• They transport sediments from one location to another.

What is the primary process of erosion?

• The breakdown of rocks and minerals into smaller pieces.

• The transportation or removal of weathered material by natural agents.

• The chemical alteration of rock surfaces due to exposure to air and water.

• The accumulation of sediment in a new location.

Which of the following are primary agents of erosion?

• Sunlight, heat, and pressure.

• Wind, water, and ice.

• Gravity, magnetism, and friction.

• Plants, animals, and humans.

Which landform is created by the deposition of sediment at the mouth of a river where it flows into a larger body of water?

• Canyon

• Valley

• Delta

• Moraine

How can human activities like burning fossil fuels and overgrazing impact natural processes?

• They can slow down the rate of weathering and erosion.

• They can accelerate weathering through acid rain and increase soil erosion.

• They have no significant impact on natural weathering and erosion.

• They primarily lead to the formation of new landforms through deposition.