Crash Course European History: The Age of Exploration

What was a significant consequence of the Ottoman Empire's capture of Constantinople in 1453 for European kingdoms?

• It led to a new alliance between European kingdoms and the Ottoman Empire.

• It forced European kingdoms to seek alternative trade routes to Afro-Eurasia.

• It resulted in the immediate collapse of all European navies.

• It caused a decline in the study of navigation and exploration in Europe.

What was Prince Henry the Navigator's primary contribution to Portugal's maritime expansion?

• He personally led the first voyage around the Cape of Good Hope.

• He established the first Portuguese colony in India.

• He funded and encouraged exploration, navigation studies, and new navigational tools.

• He negotiated a peace treaty with the Ottoman Empire to reopen overland trade routes.

How did the Spanish Empire primarily differ from the Portuguese Empire in its approach to wealth acquisition?

• The Spanish Empire focused on controlling trade routes, while the Portuguese focused on colonization.

• The Spanish Empire was based on colonization and extracting wealth from land and people, while the Portuguese focused on controlling shipping and trading routes.

• The Spanish Empire sought alliances with indigenous populations, while the Portuguese engaged in conflict.

• The Spanish Empire primarily traded in spices, while the Portuguese focused on gold and silver.

From the perspective of indigenous people, what were some of the consequences of European colonization?

• Increased wealth and access to new goods.

• The loss of land, life, religious beliefs, and community assets.

• Opportunities for new trade partnerships and cultural exchange.

• The establishment of advanced infrastructure and educational systems.

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How many men and ships from Magellan's original fleet returned to Spain after the circumnavigation?

• 237 men and 5 ships

• 18 men and 1 ship

• 50 men and 2 ships

• 100 men and 3 ships

Which of the following was NOT a significant advantage for Iberian explorers and conquerors in the New World?

• Advanced sailing prowess and weaponry

• Navigation instruments like astrolabes and compasses

• Extensive manufacturing skills for trade goods

• Alliances with rival indigenous communities

What was the primary role of individuals like Malinche (Doña Maria) during the European conquest of the Americas?

• Leading indigenous resistance movements against the Europeans.

• Serving as translators and cultural intermediaries between Europeans and local people.

• Discovering new trade routes for European merchants.

• Establishing new European settlements and colonies.

What was the estimated percentage of the indigenous American population that died due to European diseases like smallpox and measles?

• Approximately 10 percent

• Around 25 percent

• As much as 50 percent

• Perhaps as much as 90 percent