HISTORICAL CAUSES of DIFFUSION [AP Human Geography Review—Unit 3 Topic 5]

What is the primary difference between imperialism and colonialism?

• Imperialism involves establishing settlements, while colonialism focuses on extending political power.

• Colonialism is the physical act of dominating a population, while imperialism is the underlying idea or policy.

• Imperialism is always achieved through military force, while colonialism uses diplomacy.

• Colonialism is a historical practice, whereas imperialism is a modern concept.

The prevalence of English, Spanish, and Portuguese as dominant languages in the Americas is a direct result of which historical process?

• The Silk Roads trade network.

• The Scramble for Africa.

• The first wave of European imperialism.

• The spread of Buddhism.

How did the Silk Roads primarily contribute to cultural diffusion?

• By establishing permanent European settlements across Asia.

• By facilitating the exchange of goods and cultural traits between distant peoples.

• By enforcing a single dominant language across all trade routes.

• By leading to the creolization of languages in Central Asia.

Which of the following best describes a "lingua franca"?

• A language created by combining two or more existing languages.

• A language spoken exclusively by indigenous populations.

• A common language adopted by people of different languages to facilitate communication.

• A language used only for religious ceremonies.