The Protestant REFORMATION, Explained [AP Euro Review: Unit 2 Topic 2 (2.2)]

Why was the presence of a Papal Palace in Avignon, France, considered unusual in the High Middle Ages?

• Popes traditionally resided in Rome, Italy.

• Avignon was a Protestant stronghold.

• The French king had no authority over the Pope.

• The palace was too small for the Pope's retinue.

Which of the following practices, involving the buying and selling of church offices, contributed to the perception of corruption within the Catholic Church before the Reformation?

• Nepotism

• Simony

• Pluralism

• Indulgences

What was Martin Luther's revolutionary theological discovery regarding forgiveness and salvation, based on his study of the New Testament?

• Salvation is earned through good works and penance.

• Forgiveness is granted through the purchase of indulgences.

• God forgives sins for free based on the finished work of Christ.

• The Pope is the sole interpreter of scripture.

Which doctrine, central to John Calvin's theology, asserted that God had predetermined who would be saved and who would be damned before the creation of the world?

• Free will

• Transubstantiation

• Predestination

• Justification by faith alone