Empires: Belief Systems [AP World History] Unit 3 Topic 3

Which of the following was a significant factor contributing to the decline of the Roman Catholic Church's authority in Europe during the transition from feudalism to centralized monarchies?

• The Church's successful efforts to stop the Black Death.

• The rise of powerful centralized monarchies competing for allegiance.

• The Church's decision to translate the Bible into vernacular languages.

• The widespread adoption of Sikhism across Europe.

What was Martin Luther's foundational theological discovery that challenged the Roman Catholic Church's teachings?

• Salvation was guaranteed through elaborate systems of works and rituals.

• The Pope held ultimate authority over all secular rulers.

• Salvation was guaranteed to the believer by faith alone.

• The Bible should only be read in Latin by clergy members.

The primary religious conflict between the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid Empire stemmed from their differing adherence to which branches of Islam?

• Sunni and Sufi Islam.

• Shi'a and Ismaili Islam.

• Sunni and Shi'a Islam.

• Wahhabi and Sunni Islam.

How did Akbar, the ruler of the Mughal Empire, approach religious diversity within his realm?

• He strictly enforced Sunni Islam and persecuted other religious groups.

• He promoted religious tolerance and supported various religious communities, including Hindus, Muslims, and Catholics.

• He converted to Sikhism and made it the official state religion.

• He established a new religion that blended Christian and Islamic beliefs.