Viscosity, Cohesive and Adhesive Forces, Surface Tension, and Capillary Action

What is viscosity?

• A liquid's ability to flow freely.

• A liquid's ability to resist flow.

• The density of a liquid.

• The temperature at which a liquid boils.

How does the strength of intermolecular forces affect a liquid's viscosity?

• Stronger attractions lead to lower viscosity.

• Stronger attractions lead to higher viscosity.

• Intermolecular forces have no effect on viscosity.

• Viscosity is only affected by temperature, not intermolecular forces.

How do the size and shape of molecules influence a liquid's viscosity?

• Smaller molecules generally result in higher viscosity.

• Larger, more complex molecules tend to have lower viscosity.

• Tiny molecules move past each other more easily, leading to lower viscosity.

• Molecular size and shape only affect a liquid's density, not viscosity.

What is the relationship between temperature and a liquid's viscosity?

• Higher temperatures increase kinetic energy, leading to higher viscosity.

• Lower temperatures increase kinetic energy, leading to lower viscosity.

• Higher temperatures increase kinetic energy, causing intermolecular forces to dissipate and reducing viscosity.

• Temperature only affects the boiling point, not the viscosity of a liquid.

What are cohesive forces in a liquid?

• Intermolecular forces between liquid molecules and a solid surface.

• Forces that cause liquid molecules to evaporate.

• Intermolecular forces between the molecules of a liquid.

• Forces that cause a liquid to expand.

Why do small water droplets tend to be spherical?

• To maximize their surface area.

• To minimize hydrogen bonding.

• To maximize hydrogen bonding and minimize surface area.

• Due to strong adhesive forces with the air.

What are adhesive forces?

• Interactions between molecules within the same liquid.

• Interactions between a liquid and a solid surface.

• Forces that cause a liquid to form spherical droplets.

• Forces that resist the flow of a liquid.

When water is placed in a glass tube, it forms a concave meniscus. What does this indicate about the forces involved?

• Cohesive forces are stronger than adhesive forces.

• Adhesive forces are stronger than cohesive forces.

• Gravity is stronger than both cohesive and adhesive forces.

• The liquid has a very high viscosity.

Why does water have an irregularly high surface tension compared to its small molecular size?

• Because of its low density.

• Due to strong hydrogen bonding occurring between water molecules.

• Because water molecules are nonpolar.

• It has weak cohesive forces.

What is capillary action?

• The tendency of a liquid to resist flow.

• The interaction between a liquid and a nonpolar surface.

• The ability of a liquid to flow through a material due to attractions between the liquid and the material.

• The force that causes a liquid to form spherical droplets.