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WorksheetsDNA, RNA, & Genetics
Total questions: 33
Worksheet time: 25mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
In order for DNA instructions to move from the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm of a cell, an RNA copy of a DNA strand must be made. This process, which takes place in the cell nucleus, is called
a)
translation
b)
mutation
c)
DNA replication
d)
transcription
2.
Translation is crucial to the process of making proteins. Which statement best describes what takes place during translation?
a)
A copy of chromosomal DNA is created
b)
Information in mRNA is converted into a sequence of amino acids in a protein
c)
A RNA copy of a DNA strand is made.
d)
Instructions from DNA in the nucleus are brought to the cytoplasm
3.
A nitrogenous base is an important component of the nucleotide making up DNA. Which of the following correctly lists the four possible nitrogenous bases in DNA?
a)
glutamine, proline, tyrosine, phenylalanine
b)
adenine,guanine,cytosine,thymine
c)
leucine,proline,tyrosine,phenylalanine
d)
adenine,guanine,cytosine,uracil
4.
the physical appearance
a)
Heterozygous
b)
Homozygous
c)
Genotype
d)
Phenotype
5.
Different genes, or alelles
a)
Heterozygous
b)
Homozygous
c)
Genotype
d)
Phenotype
6.
Same genes, or alelles
a)
Heterozygous
b)
Homozygous
c)
Genotype
d)
Phenotype
7.
genes written as letters
a)
Heterozygous
b)
Homozygous
c)
Genotype
d)
Phenotype
8.
Phenotype
a)
Tt
b)
GG
c)
Tall
d)
Ff
9.
Genotype
a)
Tall
b)
Green
c)
Yellow
d)
TtGg
10.
Tt X Tt
a)
monohybrid cross
b)
dihybrid cross
c)
incomplete dominance cross
11.
TTRR X TtRr
a)
monohybrid cross
b)
dihybrid cross
c)
incomplete dominance cross
12.
FRFR X FWFW
a)
monohybrid cross
b)
dihybrid cross
c)
incomplete dominance cross
13.
Twin colts were born from a black mare and a black stallion. One colt was black, and one was brown. The colts have different traits because their DNA contains
a)
different amounts of sugars in their molecules
b)
different arrangements of nucleotids
c)
different amounts of the base thymine
d)
different numbers of proteins in their molecules
14.
In guinea pigs, the allele for rough coat (R) is dominant over the allele for smooth coat (r). A heterozygous guinea pig and a homozygous recessive guinea pig are mated. Which of the following would be the phenotypes of the offspring?
a)
All rough coat
b)
All smooth coat
c)
2 rough coat and 2 smooth coat
d)
3 rough coat and 1 smooth coat
15.
Which choice represents a dihybrid cross?
a)
Sb x sB
b)
RRYy x RrYY
c)
XhXh x XHXh
d)
XYxXX
16.
What is the correct genetic combination of offspring X?
a)
Tr
b)
Tr X Tr
c)
TTrr
d)
TrRr
17.
What are the genotypes of the parents in this cross?
a)
TTRr and ttRr
b)
TtRr and TtRr
c)
TTrr and TtRr
d)
TTRr and TtRr
18.
A particular variety of corn can produce yellow or white seeds. Yellow is dominant. White is recessive. If a particular ear of corn contains only white corn, it must be —
a)
homozygous for white color
b)
heterozygous for white color
c)
heterozygous for yellow color
d)
homozygous for yellow color
19.
The Punnett square above shows a cross between a homozygous dominant genotype for hair color and a heterozygous genotype for hair color. Which conclusion can be drawn from the Punnet square above?
a)
The parents will have four offspring.
b)
Two of the offspring will be homozygous recessive.
c)
Only two of the offspring will have the same hair color.
d)
All of the offspring will have the same hair color.
20.
In a particular population of bees, long wings are dominant over short wings. Which of the following must be true about the genetic material that produced a bee with long wings?
a)
Heterozygous for long wings or homozygous for short wings
b)
Homozygous for short wings or heterozygous for long wings
c)
Homozygous for short wings or homozygous for long wings
d)
Heterozygous for long wings or homozygous for long wings
21.
Having freckles is a dominant trait in humans. A girl has freckles, but her brother does not. What must the girl's parents’ genotypes be for this to be possible?
a)
FF and FF
b)
ff and ff
c)
Ff and Ff
d)
FF and FF
22.
If you cross BBAa X BbAa, what would the genotype of the offspring be?
a)
2 BBAA, 4 BBAa, 2 BBaa, 2 BbAA, 4 BbAa, 2 Bbaa
b)
2 BBAA, 2 BBAa, 2 BBaa, 2 BbAA, 6 BbAa, 2 Bbaa
c)
1 BBAA, 4 BBAa, 1 BBaa, 3 BbAA, 4 BbAa, 3 Bbaa
d)
2 BBAA, 6 BBAa, 2 BBaa, 2 BbAA, 2 BbAa, 2 Bbaa
23.
What determines the traits of an organism?
a)
Relation of AT to CG base pairs
b)
Number of nitrogen bases in RNA
c)
Presence of ribose or deoxyribose in a nucleic acid
d)
Sequence of nitrogen bases in DNA
24.
In cattle, the allele for short horns (S) is dominant over the allele for long horns (s). Two short-horn cows are bred and produce four offspring. Three have short horns and one has long horns. Which of the following is the most likely combination of genotypes in these offspring?
a)
3SS and 1ss
b)
1SS, 2Ss,and 1ss
c)
1SS, 2ss, and 1Ss
d)
2SS and 2ss
25.
The traits of a living organisms are the result of complex interactions of chemical components that make up the living organism. Proteins do much of the chemical work inside cells, so they largely determine an organism’s traits. Which of the following components are responsible for providing the genetic code that determines how proteins are built and therefore how they determine traits?
a)
Nitrogen bases
b)
Amino acids
c)
Deoxyribose sugar
d)
Ribosomes
26.
Instructions found in DNA control a less-specialized cell’s potential to change in size, shape, and function. The process which controls the future of a cell is —
a)
cell transformation
b)
RNA translation
c)
cell differentiation
d)
DNA transcription
27.
Recombinant DNA technology involves the joining together of DNA molecules from two different species that are inserted into a host organism to produce new genetic combinations that are of value to science, medicine, agriculture, and industry. Which of the following facts makes this type of technology possible?
a)
DNA molecules from all organisms share the same chemical structure. They differ only in the
nucleotide sequence within that identical overall structure.
b)
DNA has a very specific helical shape that can be unwound and unzipped using an enzyme
called helicase.
c)
DNA in some organisms is circular and contains only a few genes.
d)
In all organisms, DNA is translated into RNA. This RNA is then translated into a protein by
components called ribosomes. The only difference in this process among organisms is where
transcription takes place.
28.
Electrophoresis draws individual strands of DNA across a gel gradient. This process displays the length of each piece of DNA in a unique code of lines. This type of technology allows scientists to —
a)
accurately identify and distinguish certain strands of DNA from others
b)
recombine pieces of DNA from two or more organisms
c)
study an organism’s chromosomes and check for abnormalities in chromosome numbers
d)
genetically modify an organism’s DNA
29.
How does a stem cell become a nerve cell, bone cell, or muscle cell?
a)
By expressing certain combinations of genes
b)
By repressing certain combinations of genes
c)
By expressing certain combinations of genes and repressing others
d)
By expressing all genes
30.
Which of the following represents the genotype of offspring Ttrr?
a)
Heterozygous tall, homozygous wrinkled
b)
Heterozygous short, homozygous wrinkled
c)
Heterozygous short, homozygous round
d)
Homozygous tall, homozygous wrinkled
31.
What is the appearance of offspring X?
a)
Tall, round
b)
Short, wrinkled
c)
Short, round
d)
Tall, wrinkled
32.
What technique is best for matching evidence left at a crime scene with a suspect’s nasal swab?
a)
Gene therapy
b)
Recombining DNA
c)
Genetic engineering
d)
DNA fingerprinting
33.
Inherited traits are passed to offspring from parents. The genetic material contains the inherited information in the form of genes, half from the male parent and half from the female parent. Genes can be dominant or recessive for a particular inherited trait. What are two ways that genes could be passed down from parent to offspring that would result in a dominant phenotype?
a)
Heterozygous, homozygous Dominant
b)
Homozygous recessive, homozygous dominant
c)
Heterozygous dominant, heterozygous recessive
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