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WorksheetsEOC Review Questions 1
Total questions: 27
Worksheet time: 54mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
A photograph of a virus is shown.
The projections on the surface of this virus allow the virus to —
The projections on the surface of this virus allow the virus to —
a)
move inside a host cell
b)
attach to a host cell
c)
control a host cell’s DNA
d)
signal other viruses to infect a host cell
2.
Which of these lists the descriptions in the correct order of ecological succession on Surtsey? Surtsey is an island located south of Iceland. The island was formed by a volcanic eruption and first appeared in 1963. The table below contains descriptions of changes in the population and diversity of species on Surtsey.
a)
I, II, IV, III
b)
III, I, II, IV
c)
IV, III, I, II
d)
II, IV, I, III
3.
Having a standard taxonomic system benefits the scientific community by allowing scientists from all over the world to do which of the following?
a)
Have a common system for the classification of locations containing fossils
b)
Use a similar system to classify the impact of removing species from ecosystems
c)
Have a common understanding in the classification of organisms
d)
Understand how other scientists classify predator–prey relationships
4.
The technique known as chromosome painting is the result of scientific research. Scientists use chromosome painting to mark the locations of genes on human chromosomes with fluorescent tags. It is also possible to apply this technique to the chromosomes of many different species. Chromosome painting allows for which of the following?
a)
A comparison of the genomes of different species
b)
The sequencing of proteins from many species
c)
An increase in mutations in many species
d)
The extraction of amino acids from different species
5.
A student collected the animal on a field trip is shown in the image. The student used a dichotomous key and a microscope to classify the animal.
How should this animal be classified?
How should this animal be classified?
a)
Arthropoda
b)
Annelida
c)
Mollusca
d)
Platyhelminthes
6.
Health-care workers are exposed to many different types of pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms. Which body systems work together to protect the body from pathogens?
a)
Muscular and vascular
b)
Digestive and excretory
c)
Circulatory and immune
d)
Endocrine and reproductive
7.
Which of these statements best explains the process of energy conversion that takes place in the mitochondria?
a)
Energy is required for carbon dioxide molecules to form six-carbon sugar molecules.
b)
Water molecules and radiant energy are necessary for anaerobic respiration to take place.
c)
Oxygen molecules release energy in the form of heat during combustion reactions.
d)
The energy in the bonds of glucose molecules is transferred to the phosphate bonds in ATP.
8.
Leaves are part of a plant’s shoot system. The xylem tissue in leaves transports —
a)
the bacteria needed for nitrogen fixation in root nodules
b)
the wax required to coat the surface of actively growing tissue
c)
the water and minerals that are absorbed by the roots
d)
the oxygen that regulates the rate of carbohydrate production
9.
A dog’s pituitary gland produces the hormone ACTH, which stimulates the adrenal glands to secrete cortisol. Cortisol helps regulate body weight, mineral balance, the structure of connective tissue, the production of white blood cells, and skin health. When cortisol levels are low, the pituitary gland secretes ACTH. When cortisol levels are high, the pituitary gland stops secreting ACTH. Based on this information, which of the following would most likely be the cause of elevated levels of cortisol in a dog?
a)
Undersized adrenal glands
b)
An excess of ACTH
c)
An inactive pituitary gland
d)
An immune response to the excess level of cortisol
10.
A photomicrograph of onion root tip cells during mitosis is shown.
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
11.
Some organisms have genes that improve their ability to survive and reproduce.
If the genes also help their offspring survive and reproduce, then which of the following will most likely increase?
If the genes also help their offspring survive and reproduce, then which of the following will most likely increase?
a)
The frequency of the genes in one individual
b)
The frequency of the genes in the population
c)
The number of genes in one chromosome
d)
The number of genes in the species
12.
The overgrowth of algae poses a major problem for coral reefs. Intensive fishing is one factor that contributes to algae overgrowth because it does which of the following?
a)
Allows more sunlight to be available to algae
b)
Inhibits the spread of pathogens in algae colonies
c)
Reduces the number of organisms that feed on algae
d)
Increases the competition between different algae species
13.
Enzymes are proteins that help increase the rate of chemical reactions inside cells. These proteins are composed of many simpler molecules called amino acids. Which of the following suggests that the shape of an enzyme determines the enzyme’s function?
a)
Enzymes are specific to a substrate.
b)
Enzymes can operate in a wide range of conditions.
c)
Enzymes are activated by neighboring molecules.
d)
Enzymes can be found in all life-forms.
14.
A section of a nucleic acid is shown.
The process represented in the diagram produces a molecule that is complementary to the template strand of DNA.
What type of molecule is produced?
The process represented in the diagram produces a molecule that is complementary to the template strand of DNA.
What type of molecule is produced?
a)
New DNA
b)
Polypeptide
c)
Messenger RNA
d)
Carbohydrate
15.
Which of the following correctly describes how a diagram of cellular respiration would differ from a diagram of photosynthesis?
a)
The cellular-respiration diagram would show electromagnetic waves as the final product.
b)
The cellular-respiration diagram would show glucose as the main source of energy.
c)
The cellular-respiration diagram would show energy stored in large protein molecules.
d)
The cellular-respiration diagram would show water as the main source of chemical energy.
16.
If several pea plants with the genotype TTYy are crossed with pea plants with the genotype Ttyy, what percentage of the offspring will be expected to have the TTYy allele combination?
a)
25%
b)
40%
c)
50%
d)
75%
17.
Which of the following are missing from the food web shown?
a)
Producers
b)
Decomposers
c)
Omnivores
d)
Predators
18.
The concept of gene flow is demonstrated when a cow is driven off from its herd, joins another herd, and reproduces. When the cow contributes to the gene pool of the new herd,which of these most likely increases?
a)
Natural selection
b)
Genetic variation
c)
Environmental fitness
d)
Reproductive mutations
19.
A model of a DNA molecule is shown.
The arrow indicates —
The arrow indicates —
a)
the bond between adjacent phosphate and deoxyribose molecules
b)
the junction of introns and exons in the sense strand of DNA
c)
the hydrogen bond between complementary nucleotides
d)
the junction of a codon and a DNA triplet
20.
Proteins and polysaccharides are polymers. These polymers are formed by dehydration synthesis. Which statement correctly identifies a difference in the structure of proteins and polysaccharides?
a)
Only polysaccharides are comprised of repeating units of cytosine, adenine, guanine,and thymine.
b)
Only proteins are formed from amino acids joined by peptide bonds.
c)
Only polysaccharides can be folded and twisted to very specific shapes.
d)
Only proteins can be large molecules with thousands of subunits.
21.
A codon chart is shown.
Which of these changes to the DNA triplet 3’ GCT 5’ will affect the protein produced?
Which of these changes to the DNA triplet 3’ GCT 5’ will affect the protein produced?
a)
GTT
b)
TCT
c)
TCC
d)
GCA
22.
Which of the following correctly describes an interaction that occurs between two body systems of a rabbit that helps the rabbit outrun a pursuing coyote?
a)
The skeletal system releases additional calcium, and the circulatory system retainsmore sodium in the blood to provide muscles with ions for contraction.
b)
The digestive system increases the rate of digestion, and the excretory system ceasesto provide tissues with more nutrients.
c)
The respiratory system increases the breathing rate, and the circulatory systemincreases blood pressure to provide tissues with more oxygen.
d)
The endocrine system releases hormones that prepare the immune system to deal with possible injuries.
23.
Both euglena and cyanobacteria are photosynthetic unicellular organisms found in pond water. The feature that distinguishes euglena from cyanobacteria is the —
a)
ability to maintain homeostasis
b)
presence of ribosomes
c)
ability to reproduce
d)
presence of a nuclear membrane
24.
The acacia ant (Pseudomyrmex ferruginea) lives in the bullshorn acacia plant, as shown.
The acacia ant nests and feeds in the plant’s hollow thorns. The ant helps protect the bullshorn acacia by attacking insects and grazing animals that come near the plant. The relationship between the acacia ant and the bullshorn acacia is an example of which of the following?
The acacia ant nests and feeds in the plant’s hollow thorns. The ant helps protect the bullshorn acacia by attacking insects and grazing animals that come near the plant. The relationship between the acacia ant and the bullshorn acacia is an example of which of the following?
a)
Commensalism
b)
Mutualism
c)
Neutralism
d)
Parasitism
25.
Zoogeographic regions are characterized by the presence of specific groups of animals. These regions are determined by the taxonomic or phylogenetic relationships of animals. The map shows the zoogeographic regions proposed by the naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace in 1876.
a)
1 and 2
b)
3 and 4
c)
5 and 6
d)
7 and 8
26.
Crossing-over between nonsister chromatids during meiosis is significant in heredity. This process most likely leads to an increase in which of the following?
a)
The expression of dominant traits
b)
Number of gametes
c)
The occurrence of polyploidy
d)
Genetic variation
27.
The carbon cycle includes processes that release carbon into the atmosphere and places that act as carbon reservoirs. The diagram below shows both major processes that release carbon and major carbon reservoirs.
Which of these disruptions would cause an excess output in the carbon cycle?
Which of these disruptions would cause an excess output in the carbon cycle?
a)
The destruction of terrestrial biota
b)
Increases in marine biota
c)
A reduction in the use of fossil fuels
d)
A thickening of ocean sediments
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