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WorksheetsDevelopmental Psychology Test Review
Total questions: 51
Worksheet time: 32mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Cross-sectional research differs from longitudinal research in that:
a)
Cross-sectional research studies the developmental changes of subjects who are of diff erent ages.
b)
Cross-sectional research studies developmental changes using the same group of subjects over time as they grow older.
c)
Cross-sectional research is more reliable than developmental research
d)
Cross-sectional research is too specifi c to the group of people being used for research
2.
Of the following sets of themes, which pair best represents the core emphasis of developmental psychology?
a)
Cross-sectional versus longitudinal and self-esteem versus self-doubt
b)
) Individual versus shared and stability versus change
c)
Young versus old and stability versus change
d)
Stability versus change and self-esteem versus self-doubt
3.
Which of the following statements best defines maturation?
a)
It is directly based on social cognitive learning
b)
It is the basis for all physiological and psychological development
c)
It is an automatic biological development of the body and nervous system that naturally unfolds over time.
d)
It is directly associated with genetic links.
4.
According to Jean Piaget, at what stages of development are children able to grasp the concepts of object permanence and conservation, respectively?
a)
Formal operational; preoperational
b)
Concrete operational; formal operational
c)
Concrete operational; sensorimotor
d)
Sensorimotor; preoperational
5.
Jean Piaget defined egocentrism as:
a)
Th e belief that young adults don’t listen to their parents
b)
Th e idea that preschool children cannot see things from another’s point of view
c)
Th e understanding that young children cannot learn outside of a structured classroom
d)
Th e belief that children cannot do more than one task at a time
6.
According to Jean Piaget, what type of learning do individuals acquire during the formal operational stage?
a)
Abstract thought
b)
Symbolism
c)
Memorization skills
d)
) Auditory learning
7.
An awareness that objects continue to exist when out of sight is called:
a)
Mental images
b)
Sensory-motor
c)
Object permanence
d)
Conservation
8.
According to Lawrence Kohlberg, during the preconventional stage of moral development children tend to:
a)
Use abstract thoughts or principles to determine their behavior
b)
Make behavioral decisions based on legal issues
c)
Understand morality based on customs or values
d)
Interpret behavior in terms of concrete consequences
9.
During a discussion in class regarding cheating in school, a student argues, “Cheating is wrong; it is important to follow rules.” Lawrence Kohlberg would say this student is in what stage of moral development?
a)
Preconventional
b)
Conventional
c)
Postconventional
d)
Advanced conventional
10.
As a preschooler, Emma has developed a number of cognitive and social skills that she will use to assume responsibility. According to Erik Erikson, what stage of psychosocial development is Emma in?
a)
Trust versus mistrust
b)
Autonomy versus self-doubt
c)
Initiative versus guilt
d)
Identity versus role confusion
11.
When Daniel begins walking, talking, and exploring, he is bound to get into confl ict with his parents. If his parents punish his explorations, Daniel may develop a feeling that independence is bad. According to Erik Erikson, what stage of psychosocial development would this occur in?
a)
Identity versus role confusion
b)
Industry versus inferiority
c)
Initiative versus guilt
d)
Autonomy versus self-doubt
12.
If a child believes stealing in order to save a life is OK because life is even more important than following the law, this child would be in what stage of moral development?
a)
Level one: preconventional
b)
Level two: conventiona
c)
Level three: postconventiona
d)
Level fi ve: formal operational
13.
Th e rooting reflex is an infant’s tendency to:
a)
Throw legs up in the air
b)
Wave arms when startled
c)
Open mouth and turn head when touched on the cheek
d)
Grasp nearby objects
14.
Which of the following statements is a major criticism of Jean Piaget’s work with cognitive development?
a)
Piaget failed to include clear age differences for his stages
b)
Piaget placed too much emphasis on cognitive differences between young children and adolescents.
c)
Piaget often overestimated the cognitive abilities of children
d)
Piaget often underestimated the cognitive abilities of children
15.
Harry Harlow’s experiment with monkeys and surrogate mothers emphasized the importance of:
a)
Satisfying hunger
b)
Body temperature
c)
Fulfilling needs
d)
Contact
16.
Authoritative parents can best be defined as:
a)
Parents who befriend their children and do not use discipline
b)
Parents who are less controlling and behave with a more accepting attitude
c)
Parents who try to control the behavior of their children in accordance with a set standard of conduct
d)
Supportive parents who discuss their rules and policies with their children
17.
Which of the following parenting styles results in the most socially responsible adults?
a)
Authoritarian
b)
Authoritative
c)
Permissive
d)
Autocratic
18.
A failure to develop a consistent identity results in:
a)
Role confusion
b)
Inferiority
c)
Insecurity
d)
Social isolation
19.
According to Erikson, teachers, friends, and other people outside of the home fi rst become important in shaping attitudes of a child during what psychosocial stage?
a)
Autonomy versus self-doubt
b)
Initiative versus guilt
c)
Industry versus inferiority
d)
Trust versus mistrust
20.
According to Erikson, a child who is learning the importance of academic success in school based on receiving a report card is in what psychosocial stage?
a)
Industry versus inferiority
b)
Generativity versus stagnation
c)
Identity versus role confusion
d)
Integrity versus despair
21.
I am in my early fi fties. If I do not reach out to others, especially young people, Erik Erikson says I will experience:
a)
Shame
b)
Depression
c)
Isolation
d)
Stagnation
22.
According to Lawrence Kohlberg, behavior directed by self-accepted moral principles is an example of what stage of moral development?
a)
Preconventional
b)
Conventional
c)
Postconventional
d)
Nonconventional
23.
As children begin their elementary school years, they enter Erikson’s stage of:
a)
Trust versus mistrust
b)
Autonomy versus doubt
c)
Initiative versus guilt
d)
Industry versus inferiority
24.
A 38-year-old woman quits her high-paying marketing job to focus on her children and become a school counselor. What stage would Erikson consider this to be:
a)
Idenitity vs. Role Confusion
b)
Generativity vs. Stagnation
c)
Ego Integrity vs. Despair
d)
Industry vs. Inferiority
25.
The experiment with Harry Harlow and the monkeys prove what about humans?
a)
We need food to survive.
b)
We need human touch to survive.
c)
We want human touch over food.
d)
We want food over human touch.
26.
The ________________________________ parenting style uses a "hands off" approach, where children learn from the consequences of their actions. The parent considers themselves as a friend to their child.
a)
Authoritative
b)
Neglecting
c)
Permissive
d)
Authoritarian
27.
When the baby's cheek is stroked they turn towards the side it was stroked and begins making sucking motions
a)
rooting reflex
b)
sucking reflex
c)
grasp reflex
d)
Babinski reflex
28.
Erikson said that when you are a teenager, your main goal is to find your . .
a)
Trust
b)
Calling
c)
Identity
d)
Integrity
29.
This style of parenting calls for imposing rules and demanding obedience without debate or discussion between parent and child.
a)
Permissive
b)
Neglectful
c)
Authoritative
d)
Authoritarian
30.
The natural physical development that occurs automatically and in a sequential manner as a result of genetics is . . .
a)
Childhood
b)
Maturation
c)
Puberty
d)
Aging
31.
An infant who has developed object permanence...
a)
is attached to specific objects, such as a blanket.
b)
will see all objects as being the same.
c)
knows that an object, such as a rattle, exists even if it is not in view.
d)
cries when a wanted object is taken away.
32.
Children who in infancy formed secure attachments to their parents are more likely than other children to:
a)
Prefer the company of adults to that of other children
b)
Become permissive parents
c)
Show a great deal of social competence
d)
Be less achievement oriented
33.
The term critical period refers to:
a)
Prenatal development
b)
The initial two hours after a child’s birth
c)
The preoperational stage
d)
A restricted time for development and/or learning
34.
The sensorimotor stage focuses primarily on..
a)
motor skills
b)
language development
c)
understanding of others perspective
d)
understanding complex mathematics
35.
What is the first stage of Piaget's cognitive development?
a)
Preoperational
b)
Sensorimotor
c)
Formal operational
d)
Concrete operational
36.
If research suggested that a pregnant mother's use of an artificial sweetener caused harm to the fetus, the artificial sweetener would be considered a(n):
a)
FAS
b)
form of DNA
c)
depressant
d)
teratogen
37.
According to Piaget, children come to understand that the volume of a substance remains constant despite changes in its shape during the ________ stage.
a)
sensorimotor
b)
preoperational
c)
concrete operational
d)
formal operational
38.
Mary Ainsworth's Strange Situation paradigm is used to test young children's
a)
ego strength
b)
intelligence
c)
reaction time
d)
attachment
39.
Harry Harlow’s experiments with rhesus monkeys suggest which of the following as most important for infants when establishing an attachment to their mothers?
a)
The amount of time spent with the mother
b)
The mother’s ability to provide nourishment to the infant
c)
The tactile characteristics of the mother
40.
According to Erikson, a man’s midlife crisis happens in the
a)
generativity vs stagnation
b)
intimacy vs isolation
c)
integrity vs despair
d)
identity vs role confusion
41.
According to Piaget, accommodation refers to
a)
parental efforts to include new children in the existing family structure
b)
incorporating new experiences into existing schemas.
c)
developmental changes in a child's behavior that facilitate social acceptance by family and peers.
d)
adjusting current schemas in order to make sense of new experiences.
42.
In a pleasant but unfamiliar setting, infants with a secure maternal attachment are most likely to:
a)
act as if their mothers were little importance to them
b)
leave their mother's side in order to explore their surroundings
c)
cry when their mothers leave them
43.
Maria resents the burdens and constraints of caring for her infant daughter and ignores her cries for attention. Her daughter will likely show signs of
a)
egocentricism
b)
insecure attachment
c)
habituation
d)
gender typing
44.
According to Erikson, what is the major conflict faced during adolescence?
a)
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
b)
Intimacy vs. Isolation
c)
Identity vs. Role Confusion
d)
Generativity vs. Stagnation
45.
The stage that occurs between birth and one year of age is concerned with:
a)
Trust vs. Mistrust
b)
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
c)
Intiative vs. Guilt
d)
Industry vs. Inferiority
46.
Jane, a preschooler, insists on dressing herself each morning for school, even though she generally selects mismatching outfits, misses buttons, and wears her shoes on the wrong feet. When her mother tries to dress Jane or fix her outfit, Jane brushes her mother off and insists on doing it herself. What stage of psychosocial development best describes Jane’s behavior?
a)
Trust vs. Mistrust
b)
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
c)
Intiative vs. GUilt
d)
Industry vs. Inferiority
47.
Claire just celebrated her 90th birthday with her family and close friends. According to Erik Erikson, she has probably achieved:
a)
Isolation
b)
Integrity
c)
Despair
d)
Stagnation
48.
Which is the correct order of the fie stages of dealing with death or loss?
a)
Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
b)
Anger, denial, bargaining, depression, acceptance
c)
Bargaining, anger, denial, depression, acceptance
d)
Depression, anger, denial, bargaining, acceptance
49.
In late adulthood, individuals experience a decrease in which of the following?
a)
Sexual desire
b)
Cognitive abilities
c)
Creativity
d)
Intellect
50.
Ethel, who is 80 years old, lost her husband last year, and her children hardly ever come to visit. She looks back on her life with a lot of regret. According to Erik Erikson she is experiencing:
a)
Stagnation
b)
Depression
c)
Regression
d)
Despair
51.
Zone of Proximal
a)
Seligman
b)
Piaget
c)
Premack
d)
Vygotsky
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