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WorksheetsScience AIR Review (Physical Earth)
Total questions: 64
Worksheet time: 32mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What is the theory that Earth's lithosphere is in constant motion and is driven by convection currents?
a)
Subduction zones
b)
Continental crust
c)
Mountain Ranges
d)
Plate Tectonics
2.
What is the rigid outer part of the Earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle?
a)
lithosphere
b)
asthenosphere
c)
hydrosphere
d)
Atmosphere
3.
What is the upper layer of Earth's mantle that bends like plastic?
a)
lithosphere
b)
asthenosphere
c)
atmosphere
d)
hydrosphere
4.
What do scientists study about seismic waves to determine the structure of the Earth?
a)
speed
b)
path
c)
direction
d)
All of these
5.
What happens to the temperature and pressure as you go deeper into Earth?
a)
They both decrease
b)
They both increase
c)
Temp. increases and pressure decreases
d)
Temp decreases and pressure increases
6.
What is the inner core made of?
a)
solid iron and nickel
b)
liquid wood
c)
gasses
d)
liquid iron and nickel
7.
What is the Earth's outer core made of?
a)
liquid iron and nickel
b)
solid iron and nickel
c)
gasses
d)
solid wood
8.
Heat from the core makes material in the mantle rise up, then when it cools it falls back down and this is called a convection current.
a)
True
b)
False
9.
Why does the core produce heat?
a)
radioactive elements in the core decay and produce heat
b)
Melting produces heat
c)
convection currents
d)
radioactive isotopes are formed
10.
In terms of seismic waves, what is a "shadow zone"?
a)
a specific spot inside Earth where waves can't reach
b)
It is very dark there
c)
A place where waves can go where ever they want
d)
There is no such thing as a "shadow zone"
11.
What is a weak spot in the crust where magma rises to the surface?
a)
volcano
b)
geyser
c)
mountain
d)
earthquake
12.
What is the area called where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust above it? ex. Hawaii
a)
Island arc
b)
volcano
c)
geyser
d)
hot spot
13.
Which of the following do we call cracks in the ocean floor where seawater is heated by a nearby body of magma?
a)
oceanic vent
b)
geyser
c)
earthquake
d)
volcano
14.
What is a fountain of water and steam that builds up pressure underground and erupts at regular intervals?
a)
geyser
b)
oceanic vent
c)
earthquake
d)
volcano
15.
What is a natural pool that forms when groundwater is heated by a nearby body of magma?
a)
geyser
b)
earthquake
c)
hot spot
d)
hot spring
16.
What is a break in the Earth's crust where masses of rock slip past each other?
a)
volcano
b)
earthquake
c)
fault
d)
tsunami
17.
What is a valley that forms where the plate boundaries are spreading or splitting apart?
a)
rift valley
b)
fault
c)
tectonic plate
d)
tsunami
18.
What is the series of ocean waves that sends surges of water onto land that is caused by underwater earthquakes?
a)
tsunami
b)
rift valley
c)
fault
d)
tectonic plates
19.
Earth's lithosphere is broken into separate sections called ___________.
a)
plates
b)
trenches
c)
faults
d)
rifts
20.
Who first proposed the Theory of Continental Drift?
a)
Harry Hess
b)
Pangaea Wilson
c)
Alfred Wegener
d)
J. Tuzo Wilson
21.
What is the type of volcano that alternates between quiet and explosive eruptions?
a)
composite
b)
cinder-cone
c)
hot spot
d)
shield
22.
What is the theory that all continents were once joined in a single landmass called "Pangaea" and have since drifted apart?
a)
Theory of Continental Drift
b)
Theory of Natural Selection
c)
Theory of Earthquakes
d)
Theory of Convection Currents
23.
What is the process by which molten material adds new oceanic crust the the ocean floor?
a)
magma
b)
volcanic eruptions
c)
sea-floor spreading
d)
plate spreading
24.
Which of the following is evidence that was used to support the Theory of Plate Tectonics/Continental Drift?
a)
Continents fit together like a puzzle.
b)
Paleoclimate data.
c)
Fossils of the same organisms found on coastlines of different continents.
d)
All of these are evidence.
25.
Convergent collide, divergent divide, and transform tectonic plates sliiiiiide.
a)
True
b)
False
26.
Which of the following is NOT a landform created by a convergent plate boundary?
a)
Mountain
b)
Volcano
c)
Rift Valley
d)
Deep Ocean Trench
27.
A river starts as a steep channel in the mountains. It then leaves the mountains and enters a flatter area of land. It goes across a plain and then enters the ocean. At which point would the river described for a delta?
a)
when the river enters the ocean
b)
when the river is in the mountains
c)
when the river leaves the mountains
d)
when the river goes across the plain
28.
What is a large mass of moving ice and snow?
a)
erratic
b)
sediment
c)
glacier
d)
till
29.
Which of the following do NOT influence deposition
a)
particle size
b)
particle shape
c)
speed of a stream
d)
mechanical
30.
Which of the following is the process that would form a canyon?
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
plate movement
31.
which of the following processes would form a mountain?
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
plate movement
32.
Which of the following processes would form a delta?
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
plate movement
33.
Which of the following would be the easiest route up the mountain for a hiker?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
34.
The following topographic map is a representation of what landform?
a)
mountain
b)
canyon
c)
river
d)
valley
35.
Which of the following describes the age of rocks/fossils compared to the other ages of rocks/fossils (order of events)
a)
radiometric dating
b)
absolute dating
c)
relative dating
d)
differentiated dating
36.
Which of the following describes when atoms of one element break down to form atoms of another element, used to find absolute age?
a)
radiometric dating
b)
absolute dating
c)
relative dating
d)
differentiated dating
37.
What is the process used to find the actual date or years when the rock/fossil formed?
a)
radiometric dating
b)
relative dating
c)
absolute dating
d)
differentiated dating
38.
How old is the Earth? (approximately)
a)
4.6 billion years old
b)
4.6 million years old
c)
6.4 million years old
d)
2,016 years old
39.
When using the Law of Superposition, what type of age of rock are you finding?
a)
absolute age
b)
relative age
c)
radioactive age
d)
radiometric age
40.
What percentage of species that ever lives on Earth are now extinct?
a)
99%
b)
50%
c)
100%
d)
25%
41.
Which of the following is a good explanation of biodiversity?
a)
99% of all species are now extinct.
b)
The same processes that operate today, operated in the past.
c)
The Earth is 4.6 billion years old.
d)
In a specific area, a variety of species are present.
42.
Which best describes a fossil that was discovered in a rock at the base (bottom) of a cliff?
a)
It is likely younger that a fossil at the top of the cliff.
b)
It is likely older than a fossil found at the top of the cliff.
c)
It is likely younger than a fossil halfway up the cliff.
d)
It is most likely an index fossil.
43.
There are no wooly mammoths on Earth today. They were all wiped out by an ice age. What is the situation where a species is no longer living and cannot come back?
a)
extinct
b)
Law of Superposition
c)
uniformitariaism
d)
absolute dating
44.
If you found fossils of fish in the dessert, what can you conclude about that desert?
a)
There used to be a ocean there long ago.
b)
The fish grew legs over time and began to eat sand and live in the desert.
c)
In the future there will be many fish living in the desert.
d)
In the future there will be an ocean where the desert is.
45.
What is the process by which animals that can adapt to changes in their environment are able to survive and reproduce?
a)
biodiversity
b)
heredity
c)
Natural Selection
d)
extinction
46.
What is the change by which a specific organism becomes better suited to its present environment?
a)
adaptation
b)
heredity
c)
natural selection
d)
biodiversity
47.
Charles Darwin took a 5 year voyage around the world and is most famous for his studies about what?
a)
Giraffes in Africa
b)
Beaks of finches from the Galapagos Islands
c)
Shell sizes of turtles from the Galapagos Islands
d)
Clown fish in the coral reefs of Africa
48.
What is an undesirable trait that a mouse could have that would make it less likely to survive?
a)
White mouse in a snowy environment
b)
Dull claws in a forest
c)
Brown mouse in a forest
d)
Sharp teeth in a forest
49.
Charles Darwin thought that over time, a giraffe stretched his neck out to reach the fruit/leaves in high trees, and that's why they have long necks.
a)
True
b)
False
50.
Which of the following is a desirable trait of a mouse that will help it survive?
a)
White mouse in a forest environment
b)
White mouse in a snowy environment
c)
Brown mouse in a snowy environment
d)
White mouse in the ocean
51.
Which of the following is a trait that will help a cheetah survive in it's environment?
a)
A gazelle that is faster than a cheetah
b)
A cheetah that is slower than a gazelle
c)
A cheetah that is faster than a gazelle
d)
A bright colored gazelle hiding from a cheetah
52.
What is the type of seismic wave that moves the ground up and down or side to side?
a)
S wave
b)
P wave
c)
Earthquake
d)
Good bye wave
53.
What is the seismic wave that expands and compresses?
a)
P wave
b)
S Wave
c)
Princess wave
d)
Earthquake
54.
What is the flow of heat from the inner core that rises through the Earth's layers and moves the plates?
a)
convection currents
b)
Plate Tectonics
c)
Seismic data
d)
Volcanoes
55.
Geology is the study of _________.
a)
Early man
b)
Earth and rocks
c)
Geysers
d)
Geometry
56.
Which of the following is NOT a landform created by a divergent plate boundary?
a)
Volcano
b)
Rift Valley
c)
Deep Ocean Trench
d)
Mid Ocean Ridge
57.
What was the supercontinent called that existed 225 million years ago?
a)
Pangaea
b)
Wegener
c)
Place Tectonics
d)
Gondwanaland
58.
Which of the following is the correct order of the layers of the Earth from the inside out?
a)
inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
b)
crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
c)
mantle, inner core, outer core, crust
d)
outer core, inner core, crust, mantle
59.
What is the chemical and mechanical process that breaks down rock at Earth's surface?
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
law of superposition
60.
In places where there is loose sediment and strong wind, the wind can pick up the sediment and carry it. When the wind slows, it deposits the sediment. Which type of sediment will be dropped first as the wind slows?
a)
the biggest
b)
the lightest
c)
the smallest
d)
the heaviest
61.
What is the process in which sediment is laid down in a new location?
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
Law of Superposition
62.
What is the process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity moves weathered soil or rock?
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
Law of Superposition
63.
What is the geologic principal that states that in horizontal layers of rock, the oldest are at the bottom and youngest are at the top?
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
law of superposition
64.
Which of the following factors influence erosion?
a)
wind
b)
water
c)
ice
d)
all of these
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