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WorksheetsSemester One Review
Total questions: 94
Worksheet time: 1hrs 20mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which is NOT a step in the scientific method?
a)
Make observation
b)
Form a theory
c)
Collect data
d)
Form a hypothesis
2.
A possible explanation to a problem that has not yet been tested.
a)
data
b)
theory
c)
hypothesis
d)
fact
3.
The factors in an experiment that can be changed.
a)
variables
b)
quantitative data
c)
hypothesis
d)
steps
4.
This variable in an experiment is the one being deliberately changed by the scientist.
a)
dependent variable
b)
independent variable
c)
data
d)
control group
5.
This variable is the actual data collected during the experiment.
a)
independent variable
b)
dependent variable
c)
control group
d)
data group
6.
By definition, a mineral has which of the following characteristic(s)?
a)
chemical composition
b)
crystalline structure
c)
natural
d)
all of the above
7.
The following image shows what mineral property?
a)
Hardness
b)
Streak
c)
Cleavage
d)
None of the above
8.
Dull, silky, waxy, pearly, and earthy are terms that best describe which property of minerals?
a)
luster
b)
color
c)
streak
d)
cleavage
9.
True or false; Sugar is not a mineral
a)
True that!
b)
False...umm no!
10.
True or false; coal is a mineral
a)
False...negative ghostrider
b)
True...no questions asked!
11.
A mineral's resistance to being scratched is called?
a)
streak
b)
luster
c)
hardness
d)
heft
12.
The color of a mineral in powder form is called?
a)
hardness
b)
specific gravity
c)
luster
d)
streak
13.
The process by which water, wind, ice, and changes in temperature break down rock into fragments called sediments.
a)
Deposition
b)
Erosion
c)
Weathering
d)
Igneous Rock
14.
Rock that forms when minerals form from solutions or sediment from older rocks get pressed and cemented together.
a)
Sedimentary Rock
b)
Metamorphic Rock
c)
Igneous Rock
15.
Rock that forms when pressure, temperature, or chemical processes change existing rock.
a)
Igneous Rock
b)
Sedimentary Rock
c)
Metamorphic Rock
d)
Rock Cycle
16.
The process by which metamorphic rocks are formed...
a)
heat and pressure
b)
compaction and cementation
c)
melting and cooling
17.
A metamorphic rock can become ______.
a)
igneous
b)
metamorphic
c)
sedimentary
d)
all of these
18.
What two processes make sediment?
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Weathering & Erosion
19.
_______ rock forms from magma/lava
a)
Metamorphic
b)
Sedimentary
c)
Igneous
20.
Rock that forms when pressure, temperature, or chemical processes change existing rock.
a)
Igneous Rock
b)
Sedimentary Rock
c)
Metamorphic Rock
d)
Rock Cycle
21.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
22.
What does it mean for a rock to be extrusive
a)
Have layers
b)
Have Rounded Edges
c)
Form from Lava
d)
Form By Sediment
23.
Igneous rock that forms when magma hardens beneath Earth's surface
a)
intrusive Rock
b)
compaction
c)
Chemical Rock
d)
Clastic Rock
24.
Magma forms on the surface or under the surface?
a)
on the surface
b)
under the surface
25.
This rock is often used for kitchen counters and it is an an example of intrusive igneous rock.
a)
basalt
b)
granite
c)
coal
26.
The area where two tectonic plates meet
a)
mantle
b)
focus
c)
faults
d)
convection
27.
Scientists think that convection currents that move the plates flow in Earth's
a)
Continental crust
b)
oceanic crust
c)
Asthenosphere
d)
Lithosphere
28.
Where does molten material from the mantle rise up during the process of sea-floor spreading?
a)
Along the mid-ocean ridge
b)
At the north and south poles
c)
Along the edges of all the continents near the shoreline and beaches
d)
at the equator
29.
What are the two types of crust?
a)
continental and oceanic
b)
ocean and basin
c)
lower and upper
d)
thick and thin
30.
What drives tectonic plate movement?
a)
gravity
b)
coriolis effect
c)
convection currents
d)
the earth's magnetic core
31.
When one plate slides underneath another, it ____ and the magma _____.
a)
hardens; sinks
b)
melts; sinks
c)
hardens; rises
d)
melts; rises
32.
Transform boundaries are most likely to produce what phenomenon?
a)
volcanoes
b)
deep sea trenches
c)
underwater mountain ranges
d)
earthquakes
33.
When an oceanic plate and a continental plate collide, which one will subduct?
a)
oceanic
b)
continental
c)
neither
d)
both
34.
Two tectonic plates collide at a ___ plate boundary.
a)
convergent
b)
divergent
c)
transform
d)
transformer
35.
According to Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift,
a)
Earth's surface is made up of seven major landmasses
b)
the continents DO NOT move
c)
Earth is slowly cooling and shrinking
d)
the continents were once joined together in a single landmass
36.
What is Pangaea?
a)
the name of a German scientist
b)
the name of the super-continent that existed millions of years ago
c)
another name for continental drift
d)
the name of an ancient fossil
37.
Most geologists rejected Alfred Wegener's idea of continental drift because...
a)
it did not agree with their current theory
b)
Wegener was interested in what Earth was like millions of years ago
c)
Wegener used several different types of evidence to support his hypothesis
d)
Wegener could not identify the force that moved the continents
38.
In Seafloor Spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts or flows out
a)
along the edges of all the continents
b)
along mid-ocean ridges
c)
in the deep ocean trenches
d)
in the north and south poles
39.
The process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep ocean trench and back into the mantle is known as
a)
convection
b)
continental drift
c)
subduction
d)
conduction
40.
A place where two plates slide past each other, moving in opposite directions, is known as a
a)
transform boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
convergent boundary
d)
rift valley
41.
This theory explains the moving of continents, but could not answer what made the land masses move.
a)
seafloor spreading
b)
evolution
c)
continental drift
d)
plate tectonics
42.
At a convergent boundary, how can you determine which plate will be subducted under the other?
a)
the denser plate is subducted under the less dense plate
b)
the younger plate is subducted under the older plate
c)
the plate nearest the poles is subducted under the plate nearer the equator
d)
the plate with greater magnetic properties will be subducted under the less magnetic plate
43.
The Alps are increasing in eleveation due to...
a)
seafloor spreading
b)
the action of earthquakes
c)
colliding tectonic plates
d)
transform faulting of a tectonic plate
44.
Rising magma that results from subduction may produce...
a)
fossil layers
b)
volcanic island arcs
c)
deep-sea sediment
d)
seafloor spreading
45.
What land form is created when an oceanic plate is subducted beneath a continental plate?
a)
mid-ocean ridge
b)
rift valley
c)
trench
d)
volcanic island arc
46.
A boundary where two plates pull apart?
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
insurgent boundary
47.
A boundary where two plates slide past each other?
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
transformers boundary
48.
A boundary where two plates collide into each other?
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
allegiant boundary
49.
A break or crack in the Earth's crust is called a...
a)
plate
b)
fault
c)
fold
d)
crack
50.
Name this plate boundary.
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
d)
insurgent
51.
Name this plate boundary.
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
d)
transformers
52.
Name this plate boundary.
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
d)
allegiant
53.
Identify each layer - #20.
a)
mantle
b)
asthenosphere
c)
inner core
d)
outer core
54.
The four layers that make-up the earth’s composition are
a)
Crust, Lithosphere, Mesosphere and Core
b)
Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mantle and Core
c)
Crust, Mantle, Outer Core and Inner Core
d)
Mantle, Outer Core, Lithosphere and Crust
55.
Large pieces of lithosphere that move around on the asthenosphere are called
a)
Crust plates
b)
Tectonic plates
c)
Mantle pieces
d)
Core plates
56.
The core is made-up of what two elements?
a)
iron and nickel
b)
iron and oxygen
c)
nickel and silicon
d)
oxygen and silicon
57.
The thickest layer of the earth is the
a)
crust
b)
mantle
c)
inner core
d)
outer core
58.
How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks? The freezing water—
a)
keeps the rocks in place
b)
makes the rocks last longer
c)
expands cracks and breaks rocks
d)
causes rocks to fall in landslides
59.
The process that breaks down rocks and other materials on Earth's surface is called
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
soil conservation
d)
decomposition
60.
What is mechanical weathering?
a)
Process through which rocks are physically broken into smaller pieces.
b)
Rocks are broken down through chemical changes.
c)
Rocks are worn away from acid in plant roots.
d)
Rocks broken down by machinery.
61.
During chemical weathering, what can happen to the type of rock that has undergone chemical weathering?
a)
a new rock is produced that is larger than the original rock
b)
a new rock is produced that is the same as the original rock
c)
a new rock is produced that is different from the original rock
d)
no new rock is created - it is just smaller in size
62.
Which agents break down earth materials?
a)
wind only
b)
earthquakes and gravity
c)
ice and 007
d)
wind, water, and ice
63.
What are the two factors that affect the rate at which weathering occurs?
a)
climate and mass of rock
b)
climate and size of rock
c)
type of rock and size of rock
d)
type of rock and climate
64.
Rust that forms on rocks or metal because of extended exposure to oxygen is what example of chemical weathering?
a)
carbon dioxide (carbonic acid)
b)
acid rain
c)
oxidation
d)
lichens
65.
Waves dropping sand on the beach
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
66.
Caves being formed by acid rain dissolving underground limestone
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
67.
Deltas forming at the mouths of rivers
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
68.
Water getting into cracks, freezing, and breaking the rocks or pavement apart
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
69.
Wind blowing sand from one location to another
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
70.
Any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land is a
a)
wind erosion
b)
moraine
c)
glacier
d)
igneous rock
71.
A series of processes known as the _____ slowly changes rocks from one kind to another.
a)
acid rain
b)
water
c)
rock cycle
d)
mineral
72.
What sequence of events will cause a large boulder to move down stream
a)
weathering-erosion-deposition
b)
erosion-deposition -weathering
c)
weathering-deposition-erosion
73.
How do plants weather rocks?
a)
during photosynthesis
b)
when roots grow into cracks of rocks and expand the rock
c)
when the plant moves water from the roots to the leaves
74.
What river feature does this picture show?
a)
Oxbow Lake
b)
Meander
c)
Estuary
d)
Tributary
75.
Where is erosion occurring in a young stream- on the inside or outside of a meander?
a)
Inside
b)
Outside
c)
Eroion only occurs in mature rivers
76.
The length of time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay is its...
a)
era
b)
age
c)
half-life
d)
eon
77.
The original element that undergoes radioactive decay is known as the...
a)
daughter element
b)
half-life
c)
parent element
d)
carbon-14
78.
_______________ is the idea that older rock layers can be found below younger rock layers in undisturbed geologic columns.
a)
principal of original horizontality
b)
principal of superposition
c)
principal of cross-cutting relationships
d)
principal of unconformities
79.
Where are older rock layers found?
a)
on top of younger rock layers
b)
under younger rock layers
c)
near igneous intrusions
d)
near faults
80.
___________ is the idea that the earth changes very rapidly over short periods of time.
a)
uniformitarianism
b)
catrastorphism
c)
superposition
d)
disconformities
81.
Most fossils are found in __________ rock layers
a)
metamorphic
b)
sedimentary
c)
igneous
82.
A fault is always _________ than the layers of sedimentary rock it cuts through.
a)
older than
b)
younger than
c)
the same age as
83.
As the number of half-lives pass the amount of parent material ________.
a)
remains constant
b)
increases
c)
decreases
84.
Which of the following is a false statement about why the fossil record is incomplete?
a)
most organisms never become fossilized
b)
many fossils have never been found
c)
all fossils are of dinosaurs
d)
only the hard parts of organisms are easily fossilized
85.
What happens during radioactive decay?
a)
A stable isotope of one element changes into an unstable isotope of a different element
b)
A stable isotope of one element changes into an unstable isotope of the same element
c)
An unstable isotope of one element changes into a stable isotope of a different element
d)
An unstable isotope of one element changes into a stable isotope of the same element
86.
Which of the following is the oldest?
a)
Layer L
b)
Intrusion D
c)
Intrusion H
d)
Layer E
87.
Which type of dating method can be used on rock layers by applying the Law of Superposition?
a)
relative dating
b)
absolute dating
c)
radioactive dating
d)
radiometric dating
88.
According to the law of superposition, which layer is the youngest?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
89.
A resource that can be easily replaced is...
a)
renewable
b)
alternative
c)
nonrenewable
90.
How do fossil fuels affect the environment?
a)
Expensive
b)
Leaves fossils at earth's surface
c)
Causes air pollution when burned
d)
Erodes the soil
91.
A resource not easily replaced...
a)
nonrenewable
b)
renewable
c)
alternative
92.
All of the following are greenhouse gases except
a)
water
b)
CO2 (carbon dioxide)
c)
CH4 (methane)
d)
SO2 (sulfur dioxide)
93.
This force causes the movement of glaciers
a)
pressure
b)
ice age
c)
gravity
d)
firn
94.
Continental glaciers...
a)
cover millions of square miles
b)
do not cover an entire land mass
c)
carve out cirques and arretes
d)
are responsible for U-shaped valleys
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