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WorksheetsPsychology Intro
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 25mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of the following best describes the impact of extreme neglect on the brain?
a)
The brain shrank in size and deteriorated.
b)
The brain stayed the same, but the function was greatly limited
c)
The brain stayed the same in size, but deteriorated.
d)
The brain shrank in size and functioned normally.
2.
Which of the following studies has had the most profound impact on ethical issues in psychological research?
a)
Stanley Milgram's study of obedience
b)
Solomon Asch's study of conformity
c)
Daryl Bern's study of self-perception
d)
William McGuire's study of self-concept
3.
Distrust of others is symptomatic of
a)
mania
b)
dementia
c)
catatonia
d)
paranoia
4.
Sigmund Freud believed that dream analysis was a useful device for
a)
decreasing repression
b)
strengthening the superego
c)
displacing instinctual forces
d)
gaining insight into unconscious motives
5.
After several trials during which a dog is given a certain kind of food at the same time that a specific tone is sounded, there is evidence of conditioning if the dog salivates when
a)
the tone only is presented
b)
the food only is presented
c)
the food and tone are presented together
d)
a different tone is presented with the food
6.
Which of the following responses was most likely acquired through classical conditioning?
a)
The startle response of a baby the first time the baby hears thunder
b)
A child's fear of dogs after the child has been bitten by a dog
c)
The uncontrollable blinking of a woman who has just gotten dust in her eye
d)
The salivation of a dog that is halfway through a bowl of its favorite food
7.
In an experiment designed to determine whether scenes on television increase the frequency of aggressive behavior in children, one group of subjects saw a nonviolent cartoon and another group a violent cartoon. In the play period that followed the viewing of the cartoons, researchers observed the two groups of children together and counted instances of aggressive acts.
The control group in the experiment is the group that...
The control group in the experiment is the group that...
a)
watched the nonviolent cartoon
b)
performed the larger number of aggressive acts
c)
performed the smaller number of aggressive acts
d)
watched the violent cartoon
8.
In an experiment designed to determine whether scenes on television increase the frequency of aggressive behavior in children, one group of subjects saw a nonviolent cartoon and another group a violent cartoon. In the play period that followed the viewing of the cartoons, researchers observed the two groups of children together and counted instances of aggressive acts.
The dependent variable in the experiment is the...
The dependent variable in the experiment is the...
a)
amount of aggressive behavior exhibited by the children
b)
amount of time that each child spent interacting with the other children
c)
group in which each child was originally placed
d)
violent cartoon
9.
The terms "modeling" and "imitation" are most closely associated with which of the following?
a)
Classical conditioning
b)
Gestalt theory
c)
Operant conditioning
d)
Social learning theory
10.
In a famous series of experiments conducted by Harry Harlow, infant monkeys were separated from their mothers at birth. The infants were then given two surrogate mothers (a terry-cloth "mother" and a wire "mother"), each of which alternately had a nursing bottle that provided food to the infants. The experimental results showed that in frightening situations the infant monkeys
a)
were more likely to become aggressive toward the wire mother than toward the terry-cloth mother
b)
preferred the wire mother, even when the terry-cloth mother had the nursing bottle
c)
preferred the terry-cloth mother, even when the wire mother had the nursing bottle
d)
would run and cling to whichever mother had the nursing bottle
11.
Which of the following is most characteristic of individuals with chronic schizophrenia?
a)
Extreme mood swings
b)
Disordered thinking
c)
Profound sadness
d)
Unaccountable loss of body function
12.
According to the ethical guidelines set by the American Psychological Association (APA), which of the following is true of psychological research in which animals are used as subjects?
a)
It must not involve the use of surgical procedures.
b)
It is no longer permitted by the APA without special authorization.
c)
It should conform to all APA ethical guidelines for animal research
d)
It may not be conducted by psychologists who do not have a license
13.
In which of the following types of research are the same children tested periodically at different points in their development?
a)
Clinical case study
b)
Between subjects
c)
Ethnographic
d)
Longitudinal
14.
A survey shows children who have encyclopedias in their homes earn better grades in school than children whose homes lack encyclopedias. The researcher concludes that having encyclopedias at home improves grades. This conclusion is erroneous primarily because the researcher has incorrectly
a)
identified the independent variable
b)
identified the dependent variable
c)
inferred correlation from causation
d)
inferred causation from correlation
15.
In-Ivan Pavlov's experiments in classical conditioning, the dog's salivation was
a)
an unconditioned stimulus only
b)
both an unconditioned and a conditioned response
c)
both an unconditioned and a conditioned stimulus
d)
a conditioned response only
16.
Which of the following statements is true of behaviorism?
a)
It was formulated to account for cognitive development.
b)
It is rooted in Sigmund Freud's view of the importance of early experiences.
c)
It holds that development is largely a product of learning.
d)
It emphasizes the dominance of heredity over environment.
17.
Which of the following was true of Solomon Asch's experiments on conformity?
a)
People conformed if they knew and respected the authority figure present.
b)
An increase from 7 to 12 confederates increased conformity by experimental subjects.
c)
Experimental subjects conformed less frequently when their judgments were made known to the group.
d)
If the confederates' judgments were not unanimous, the degree of conformity by experimental subjects decreased.
18.
Of the following, who is associated with the Gestalt school of psychology?
a)
Ivan Pavlov
b)
B. F. Skinner
c)
Max Wertheimer
d)
John Watson
19.
The whole is greater than the sum of its parts" is represented by which of the following?
a)
the Gestalt psychologists.
b)
the behaviorists.
c)
the structuralists.
d)
the functionalists.
20.
The goals of psychology are to
a)
develop effective methods of psychotherapy.
b)
describe, predict, understand and change behavior.
c)
explain the functioning of the human mind.
d)
compare, analyze, and control human behavior.
21.
Freud believed that all thoughts and actions are determined by
a)
the first year of life.
b)
forces in the personality that are often unconscious.
c)
needs for love and self-esteem.
d)
the drive for self-actualization
22.
Hillary is applying conditioning principles to teach language skills to little children. As a psychologist, her point of view appears to be
a)
Freudian.
b)
Gestalt.
c)
Functionalist.
d)
behaviorist.
23.
Strict behaviorists were criticized for overlooking the role that __________ plays in our lives.
a)
reward
b)
thinking
c)
punishment
d)
stimuli
24.
Psychology is
a)
the study of human origins, evolution, and cultures.
b)
the scientific study of behavior and mental processes of any living creature.
c)
a natural science integrating physiology and neurology.
d)
the deductive study of forms and functions of human groups.
25.
Of the following, who was a structuralist?
a)
B. F Skinner
b)
John Watson
c)
Wilhelm Wundt
d)
William James
26.
Of the following, who was a functionalist?
a)
B. F Skinner
b)
John Watson
c)
Wilhelm Wundt
d)
William James
27.
Of the following, who was a behaviorist?
a)
B. F Skinner
b)
John Watson
c)
Wilhelm Wundt
d)
William James
28.
Psychiatrists differ from psychologists in that psychologists
a)
are physicians with a specialization in abnormal behavior and psychotherapy
b)
are extensively trained in the theories and techniques of Sigmund Freud
c)
are generally more eclectic than psychologist
d)
have a Masters or Ph.D. degree with special training in psychological theory and research methods.
29.
Developmental psychologists study the effects of __________ on behavior.
a)
marketing
b)
learning disabilities
c)
aging
d)
robotics
30.
The kind of therapy developed by Freud is called
a)
Gestalt therapy.
b)
Psychoanalysis
c)
Behavior modification
d)
S-R therapy.
31.
You see a psychologist and tell her that you are feeling depressed. The psychologist talks to you about your past and attempts to link your present situation with patterns developed in your childhood during your relationship with your parents. The psychologist would probably belong to which school of psychology?
a)
humanistic psychology
b)
psychodynamic psychology
c)
Behaviorism
d)
Gestalt psychology
32.
The key idea in the behavioristic view is that
a)
behavior is shaped and controlled by one's environment
b)
behavior is the result of clashing forces with the personality
c)
behavior can be understood in terms of the mental processing of information
d)
environment plays a very small role in controlling one's behavior
33.
A practitioner who is intensively trained in the theories of Freud and treats patients by talking to them is probably a
a)
Psychiatrist.
b)
Clinical psychologist.
c)
Psychoanalyst.
d)
Counseling psychologist.
34.
A social scientist who characterizes his/her work as the study of the relationship between environmental events and the behavior they produce without regard for experience or consciousness is a
a)
Functionalist.
b)
Structuralist.
c)
Gestalt psychologist.
d)
Behaviorist.
35.
You see a psychologist and tell her that you are feeling depressed. She talks to you about the goals you have for yourself, about your image of yourself, and about the choices you make in your life and that you could be making in your life. This psychologist would probably belong to the __________ school of psychology.
a)
Humanistic
b)
Psychodynamic
c)
Behavioristic
d)
Gestalt
36.
__________ psychology is concerned with thinking, language, and problem solving.
a)
Behavioristic
b)
Psychoanalytic
c)
Cognitive
d)
Humanistic
37.
Biopsychologists
a)
limit the scope of their study to animals.
b)
are concerned with self-actualization and free will.
c)
stress the unconscious aspect of behavior.
d)
attempt to explain behavior in terms of biological or physical mechanisms.
38.
What type of observation involves an individual writing their thoughts and feelings down (consciousness)?
a)
Peer Observations
b)
Introspection
c)
Observations
d)
Structuralism
39.
Johnny is part of a study designed to test the ability of a pill to cure the migraines of people who experience chronic migraines. After a few days, Johnny finds that the pill has alleviated his migraines and he experiences far fewer than usual. However, unbeknownst to Johnny, the pill he has been taking is nothing more than a sugar pill. What effect is Johnny most likely under the influence of?
a)
The Stratified Effect
b)
The Self-Bias Effect
c)
The Placebo Effect
d)
The Psychoanalytic Effect
40.
An experiment where neither the participants nor the experimenter know who has received the treatment, until the experiment has concluded, is known as what?
a)
Random Experiment
b)
Single-blind Experiment
c)
Stratified Experiment
d)
Double-blind Experiment
41.
Which of the following would not be a naturalistic observation?
a)
Observing a Grizzly Bear in the forest.
b)
Observing Michael Jordan on a basketball court.
c)
Observing a lion at the zoo.
d)
Observing Tom Hanks on the set of a movie.
42.
Asking individuals a fixed set of questions is called a what?
a)
Case Study
b)
Survey
c)
Observation
d)
Introspective Analysis
43.
What is it called when data is collected from groups of participants that vary in age, so that they can be compared?
a)
Longitudinal Studies.
b)
Cross-Sectional Studies.
c)
Latitudinal Studies.
d)
Introspective Studies.
44.
What type of correlation is shown by the graph?
a)
Positive Correlation
b)
Negative Correlation
c)
Double Correlation
d)
No Correlation
45.
Which pseudoscience primarily focused on measurements of the human skull, and helped pave the way for Psychology?
a)
Phrenology
b)
Astrology
c)
Psychoanalysis
d)
Numerology
46.
Which goal of psychology involves developing hypotheses and theories?
a)
Description
b)
Explanation
c)
Prediction
d)
Influence
47.
What Historical Approach involves studying the basic elements of human experience?
a)
Structuralism
b)
Functionalism
c)
Inheritable Traits
d)
Gestalt Psychology
48.
What is the name given to the problem in research where the participant answers a question in the way they would expect others to answer?
a)
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
b)
Confirmation Bias
c)
Social Desirability Response
d)
Participant Bias
49.
What is the name given to the problem in research where the researcher excludes data which does not go with their expected results?
a)
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
b)
Confirmation Bias
c)
Social Desirability Response
d)
Participant Bias
50.
After a railroad accident in which a tamping rod blew through his brain ______________ survived to have major personality changes and impulse control issues.
a)
Henry Molaison
b)
Phineas Gage
c)
Harry Harlow
d)
Genie Wiley
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