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WorksheetsThe Enlightenment
Total questions: 76
Worksheet time: 55mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Monarchs that embraced the new enlightenment ideas were known as_______, meaning absolute ruler.
a)
Neoclassical
b)
Salons
c)
Noble
d)
Enlightened despot
2.
What were the five core beliefs of the philosophes?
a)
Reason, nature, happiness, property, and freedom
b)
Reason, nature, happiness, progress, and liberties
c)
Reason, nature, freedom, liberties, and progress
3.
Wrote a book called "Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems." Book supported the ideas of Copernicus and Ptolomey. He was later forced to recant.
a)
Cesare Beccaria
b)
Voltaire
c)
Francis Bacon
d)
Galileo Galilei
4.
Carefully recorded the movement of the planets but did not make mathematical sense of them. Built upon the work of Copernicus.
a)
Tycho Brahe
b)
Johannes Kepler
c)
Rene Decartes
d)
Thomas Hobbes
5.
The __________is a logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas
a)
Enlightenment
b)
Observations
c)
Scientific Method
d)
Guess and Check
6.
Originally developed the Heliocentric Theory
a)
Issac Newton
b)
Mary Wollstonecraft
c)
Nicolas Copernicus
d)
Jean Jacques Rousseau
7.
Held a positive view of human nature. He said that all people are born free and equal, with three nature rights --life, liberty, and property.
a)
John Locke
b)
Thomas Hobbes
c)
Francis Bacon
d)
Baron de Montesquieu
8.
Promoted criminal justice, abolishing torture, and the idea that the punishment should fit the crime.
a)
John Locke
b)
Francis Bacon
c)
Cesare Beccaria
d)
Voltaire
9.
He proposed the division of powers within the government. He called it separation of powers.
a)
Baron de Montesquieu
b)
Thomas Hobbes
c)
Francis Bacon
d)
Rene Decartes
10.
Continued Brahe's work concluding that certain mathematical laws govern planetary motion
a)
Johannes Kepler
b)
Mary Wollstonecraft
c)
Voltaire
d)
Isaac Newton
11.
Argued that people were naturally selfish and in order to escape a bleak life they had to hand over their rights to a strong ruler.
a)
Thomas Hobbes
b)
John Locke
c)
Francis Bacon
d)
Tycho Brahe
12.
The Heliocentric theory was first proposed by___________.
a)
Isaac Newton
b)
Francis Bacon
c)
Nicolaus Copernicus
d)
Galileo Galiei
13.
Francis Bacon helped to develop _________.
a)
the barometer
b)
the scientific method
c)
the law of the pendulum
d)
the microscope
14.
Issac Newton explained _____
a)
function of blood vessels
b)
chemical composition of water
c)
anatomy of the human body
d)
law of universal gravitation
15.
In general, the philosophers believed in which of the following?
a)
authoritarian rule
b)
progress for society
c)
all church decrees
d)
restricting women's rights
16.
European art of the 1600s and early 1700s was dominated by a grand, ornate style called _________
a)
gothic
b)
baroque
c)
classical
d)
neoclassical
17.
United States' Bill of Rights were influenced by all of the following except__________
a)
Jean Jacques Rousseau
b)
John Locke
c)
Voltaire
d)
Thomas Hobbes
18.
The Heliocentric Theory challenged_____________
a)
mathematical theories
b)
geocentric theory
c)
observed patterns
d)
political scientists
19.
Between 1550 and 1789, Enlightenment ideas swept through which regions of the world?
a)
The whole world
b)
through European and American societies
c)
only through European society
d)
only through France and colonial America
20.
Salons helped spread ________
a)
Enlightenment thinking
b)
only the ideas of political scientists
c)
only the ideas of the philosophes
d)
the geocentric theory
21.
Which of the following is true of the neoclassical style of art?
a)
it was based on the ideas and themes from ancient Japan
b)
it was the dominant style of art during the middle ages
c)
it tended to be ornate, highly detailed, and rich in color.
d)
it emphasized elegance and simplicity
22.
Which of the following is true of the neoclassical style of art?
a)
it was based on the ideas and themes from ancient Japan
b)
it was the dominant style of art during the middle ages
c)
it tended to be ornate, highly detailed, and rich in color.
d)
it emphasized elegance and simplicity
23.
What was Montesquieu's influence on the U.S. Constitution?
a)
representatives
b)
The Bill of Rights
c)
branches of government
d)
public elections
24.
Frederick II supported which of the following?
a)
direct democracy
b)
wealthy landowners
c)
christian religion
d)
freedom of worship
25.
Which of the following did the Enlightenment promote?
a)
a belief in progress
b)
a more secular outlook
c)
faith in science
d)
all of the above
26.
Which of the following was not influenced by the Enlightenment
a)
American colonists
b)
thinkers and artists
c)
middle class
d)
lower class
27.
Which person would probably not have been influenced by the philosophers?
a)
a scholar who believed in the geocentric theory
b)
an American patriot denouncing taxation without representation
c)
a leader of a salon
d)
a European artist living during the 1700s
28.
Which of the following men contradicted the ideas in the U.S. constitution?
a)
Denis Diderot
b)
John Locke
c)
Thomas Hobbes
d)
Baron de Montesquieu
29.
In the 1700s, which of the following did not show the influence of the enlightenment?
a)
a man being hung for stealing a loaf of bread
b)
a man attending a salon
c)
a woman allowing her child to have a smallpox vaccination
d)
a woman reading a novel
30.
The intellectual movement that stressed reason, thought, and the power of the individual to solve problems is called __________
a)
salons
b)
geocentric theory
c)
enlightenment
d)
social contract
31.
How did Copernicus' heliocentric theory contradict religious views?
a)
Christianity taught that there were many solar systems and ours was just one of them
b)
Christianity taught that they earth was the center of the universe, not the sun
c)
Christianity taught that the moon was the center of the universe, not the sun
d)
Christianity taught that the sun was the center of the universe, not the earth
32.
What was the importance of the encyclopedia that was published by Diderot?
a)
it made the Catholic church happy that people were being exposed to new ideas
b)
there was no benefit
c)
helped the enlightenment thinkers talk in code to one another
d)
helped spread enlightenment ideas to educated people all over Europe and the Americas
33.
Fought for freedom of speech and religion. Summed up his beliefs with the following quote: "I do not agree with a word you say but will defend to the death your right to say it".
a)
Isaac Newton
b)
John Locke
c)
Rousseau
d)
Voltaire
34.
Enlightened thinkers based their philosophical beliefs on what two things?
a)
power and privilege
b)
money and fame
c)
good looks and charm
d)
reason and logic
35.
Whose authority was challenged by the new scientific theories during the 16th and 17th centuries?
a)
Catholic Church
b)
Roman Gods
c)
Baptist ministers
d)
The Queen of Spain
36.
Which of the following is an example of an “unlimited government?”
a)
Democracy
b)
Republic
c)
Absolute Monarch
d)
Constitutional Monarchy
37.
Many rulers came to power believing that their right to lead came from God. This is an example of:
a)
Supreme Law
b)
Divine Right
c)
Their Opinion
d)
Poor Judgement
38.
The US has a written constitution, this characteristic is one of a:
a)
Limited Government
b)
Unlimited Government
39.
North Korea's government is led by Kim Jong-un, this is an example of
a)
Unlimited Government
b)
Limited Government
40.
The Scientific Revolution can best be described as:
a)
A period when scientists embraced the teachings of the Church
b)
The time when the Catholic Church empathized most with scientists
c)
period when scientists began to question the old teachings of the Church
d)
Scientific property invented by astrophysicists to explain the rotation of the Earth
41.
The procedure for testing theories that starts with a question
a)
Methods of Operation
b)
Scientific Method
c)
Procedural Operations
d)
Steps in a process
42.
This diagram is representative of which theory that was supported by the Catholic Church?
a)
Geocentric
b)
Concentric
c)
Heliocentric
d)
Geothermantic
43.
Because he feared the Church, what Polish astronomer waited to publish his heliocentric theory until he was near death?
a)
Johannes Kepler
b)
Nicolaus Copernicus
c)
Isaac Newton
d)
Francis Bacon
44.
Sir Isaac Newton is associated with the Laws of:
a)
Electricity
b)
Motion and gravity
c)
Human biology
d)
Astronomy
45.
Which astronomer was tried for heresy and placed under house arrest because he argued that the universe was heliocentric?
a)
Ptolemy
b)
Copernicus
c)
Newton
d)
Galileo
46.
Whose authority was challenged by the new scientific theories during the 16th and 17th centuries?
a)
English monarchs
b)
The President of the United States
c)
The Catholic Church
d)
Silk Road merchants
47.
Which of the following best explains the effect of the Scientific Revolution on traditional religious beliefs?
a)
People now looked to religion to explain the world around them.
b)
People now looked to their kings to explain the world around them.
c)
People used reason and logic to explain the world
d)
Momney makes the world go round
48.
The Enlightenment is
a)
a time of rebirth
b)
a time when science ruled
c)
a time with people used reason and logic to explain the world
d)
a time when technology ruled
49.
Enlightenment philosopher who did not agree with censorship.
a)
Voltaire
b)
Denis Diderot
c)
Mary Wollstonecraft
d)
Adam Smith
50.
Enlightenment philosopher who believed men and women should be equal
a)
Voltaire
b)
Denis Diderot
c)
Mary Wollstonecraft
d)
Adam Smith
51.
Enlightenment philosopher who edited the Encyclopedia to help educate the public.
a)
Voltaire
b)
Denis Diderot
c)
Mary Wollstonecraft
d)
Adam Smith
52.
Enlightenment philosopher who believed people had natural rights of life, liberty, and property.
a)
John Locke
b)
Montesquieu
c)
Rousseau
d)
Voltaire
53.
Enlightenment philosopher who believed to limit government, that it should be divided into separate branches that shared power.
a)
John Locke
b)
Montesquieu
c)
Rousseau
d)
Voltaire
54.
Enlightenment philosopher who believed people were born good, but society corrupted them.
a)
John Locke
b)
Montesquieu
c)
Rousseau
d)
Voltaire
55.
Natural Rights
a)
Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness.
b)
Life, Liberty, and Property
c)
Freedom
d)
Rights to say what we want, when we want to.
56.
How did Hobbes view human nature?
a)
We are inquisitive and industrious.
b)
We are naturally selfish and quick to fight.
c)
We are naturally altruistic and usually willing to compromise.
d)
We are born a 'blank slate', and we develop differently according to our life's experiences..
57.
What is another name for the Enlightenment?
a)
The Age of Reason
b)
The Age of Great Philosophers
c)
The Age of Religion
d)
The Age of Revolution
58.
According to John Locke, why are governments created?
a)
God gives monarchs a divine right to rule over their people
b)
People are naturally selfish and need a strong ruler to create order
c)
People set up governments to protect their lives and property
d)
Civil government must be established to offset the power of the church
59.
Which Enlightenment philosopher argued that people have the right to abolish their government and create a new one?
a)
Montesquire
b)
Locke
c)
Voltaire
d)
Rousseau
60.
The ability of one branch of government to limit the power of the other is called ___.
a)
a natural law
b)
checks and balances
c)
a social contract
d)
laissez-faire
61.
An agreement between people and the government to give up some rights for safety and protection
a)
Philosophers
b)
Democracy
c)
Social Contract
d)
Divine Right of Kings
62.
Wrote the book, Leviathan, during the English Civil War
a)
Hobbes
b)
Rousseau
c)
Montesquieu
d)
Locke
63.
Mary Wollstonecraft pushed for greater educational opportunities of
a)
Everyone
b)
Women
c)
Slaves
d)
the Rich
64.
The Heliocentric theory states that ______ rotates around the __________
a)
Universe/Earth
b)
Sun/Earth
c)
Earth/Sun
d)
Moon/Sun
65.
Which invention is considered one of the most significant advances in human history?
a)Twitter
b)
The printing press
c)
Zumba
d)
short socks
66.
Which philosopher wanted to reform the justice system?
a)
Hobbes
b)
Beccaria
c)
Voltaire
d)
Wollstonecraft
67.
Locke's inalienable rights include...
a)
life, liberty, and property
b)
pizza, chips, and soda
c)
life, property, and travel
d)
freedom of speech, freedom to bear arms, and freedom of assemble
68.
Which famous Enlightenment philosopher made this statement
a)
Voltaire
b)
Locke
c)
Hobbes
d)
Montesquieu
69.
Life, Liberty, Property, and Happiness are all what?
a)
Natural Freedom
b)
Natural Rights
c)
Separation of Powers
d)
Tabula Rasa
70.
Which Enlightened Thinker was the biggest proponent of natural rights?
a)
John Locke
b)
Immanuel Kant
c)
Diderot
d)
Voltaire
71.
Enlightenment philosophe who believed to limit government, that it should be divided into separate branches that shared power.
a)
John Locke
b)
Montesquieu
c)
Rousseau
d)
Voltaire
72.
Rousseau, Montesquieu, and Locke would all support:
a)
A dictatorship
b)
A democracy
c)
An absolute monarchy
d)
All of these
73.
English philosopher, John Locke, believed all people were created...
a)
equal
b)
natural
c)
by nature
d)
dependant
74.
A "Social Contract" is an agreement between a ruler and who?
a)
Monarchy
b)
Dictator
c)
Citizens
d)
Aliens
75.
When the government agrees to protect natural rights and citizens agree to abide by the laws and respect their leaders, they have a:
a)
Separation of Church and State
b)
Separation of Powers
c)
Social Contract
d)
Right to Rebel
76.
Which Enlightened thinker believed in a social contract between the government and those being governed?
a)
Locke
b)
Hobbes
c)
Rousseau
d)
Newton
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