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WorksheetsExamen final de filosofía
Total questions: 70
Worksheet time: 53mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What is the goal of philosophy?
a)
Autonomy
b)
Angst
c)
Authority
d)
Ambivalence
2.
Who wrote of the Myth of the Cave?
a)
Plato
b)
Aristotle
c)
Gyges
d)
Epicurus
3.
Epistemology literally means
a)
the study of knowledge
b)
the study of the reality
c)
the study of whether humans are free or unfree
d)
the study of morality
4.
According to whom does philosophical knowledge free us from the cycle of birth, suffering, death, and rebirth?
a)
Plato
b)
Aristotle
c)
Krishna
d)
Buddha
5.
What does philosophy literally mean?
a)
love of knowledge
b)
love of nature
c)
love of wisdom
d)
love of life
6.
The view of philosophy as the activity of examining our assumptions and beliefs about ourselves and the universe around us was expressed by
a)
Plato
b)
Perictione
c)
Aristotle
d)
Buddha
7.
What philosopher argues for determinism, the view that all things and all human beings are unfree?
a)
Paul Henri d'Holbach
b)
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
c)
Viktor Frankl
d)
Plato
8.
What subfield of philosophy is concerned with moral values and moral principles?
a)
theology
b)
ethics
c)
metaphysics
d)
epistemology
9.
What subfield of philosophy is concerned with the ultimate characteristics of reality or existence?
a)
epistemology
b)
axiology
c)
metaphysics
d)
science
10.
What, for Plato, was an eternal and perfect ideal that existed in an unchanging heaven?
a)
Forms
b)
Souls
c)
Reason
d)
Spirit
11.
Who proposed the idea of natural selection?
a)
Charles Darwin
b)
Charles Taylor
c)
Plotinus
d)
Plato
12.
The view that humans are whatever they make themselves is termed
a)
Darwinism
b)
Buddhism
c)
Existentialism
d)
Platonism
13.
What view of human nature claims that all humans have a rational spiritual self this is distinct from the material body, has a purpose, endures over time and exists as a separate individual?
a)
Traditional Western View
b)
Traditional Eastern View
c)
Modern Eastern View
d)
Postmodern Western View
14.
What philosopher argues that our ability to reason is the characteristic that sets the human self apart from all other creatures of nature?
a)
Plato
b)
Aristotle
c)
Saint Augustine
d)
Charles Darwin
15.
What philosopher argued that our individual identity depends on relationships with others, such that who we are cannot be separated from our relationship with others?
a)
Aristotle
b)
Hegel
c)
Plato
d)
George Mavrodes
16.
____ says there is no universal human nature, no rational human nature, no purpose for human nature.
a)
Aristotle
b)
Jean-Paul Sartre
c)
Plato
d)
Genevieve Lloyd
17.
What philosopher argued that humans are made up of dual substances, a material body and an immaterial mind?
a)
Aristotle
b)
Jean-Paul Sartre
c)
Rene Descartes
d)
Genevieve Lloyd
18.
Hobbes believed that
a)
Only matter is real
b)
Only spirit is real
c)
The world is composed of both matter and spirit
d)
The world cannot be known
19.
What philosopher argued that reality can be explained in terms of the smallest pieces of matter he called atoms?
a)
Aristotle
b)
Plato
c)
Saint Augustine
d)
Democritus
20.
What philosopher, in his book Man a Machine, argued that humans are nothing more than complex machines?
a)
Karl Marx
b)
Democritus
c)
Julien Offray de La Mettrie
d)
Vasubandhu
21.
The philosophical view that interprets an idea in terms of its practical consequences and asks what difference it would make if it were true is called
a)
materialism.
b)
idealism.
c)
pragmatism.
d)
logical positivism.
22.
The statement, "All bachelors are unmarried." is a(n)
a)
analytical statement.
b)
synthetic statement.
c)
meaningless statement.
d)
empirical statement.
23.
The philosophical view that a real world exists independently of our language, our thoughts, our perceptions, and our beliefs is called
a)
antirealism.
b)
realism.
c)
pragmatism.
d)
postmodernism.
24.
The view that there are many realities and that realities are constructed by the many languages of the cultures and subcultures is called
a)
pragmatism.
b)
existentialism.
c)
postmodernism.
d)
realism.
25.
The view that there are no absolute truth but that all truth is relative to groups or persons, acculturation or personal bias is called
a)
phenomenology.
b)
relativism.
c)
pragmatism.
d)
realism.
26.
The philosophical position that holds that people have control over what they do and are free to choose to act other than the way they do is called
a)
determinism.
b)
existentialism.
c)
libertarianism.
d)
phenomenology.
27.
Anselm developed a version of the
a)
Cosmological argument
b)
Argument from design
c)
Ontological argument
d)
Teleological argument
28.
An argument by analogy is a(n)
a)
deductive argument.
b)
inductive argument.
c)
valid argument.
d)
sound argument.
29.
The ontological argument argues for the existence of God on the basis of
a)
the mere idea we have of God.
b)
the deep-seated conviction that there is a purpose and meaning to human life.
c)
the evidence of design in the universe.
d)
the need for a first cause that brought the universe into existence.
30.
Charles Darwin's theory of evolution raised problems for which theistic argument?
a)
the cosmological argument
b)
the ontological argument
c)
pragmatic justifications of religious belief
d)
the argument by design
31.
Rationalism is the view that
a)
All knowledge is acquired through reason
b)
No knowledge can be acquired through the senses
c)
Reason can arrive at some knowledge
d)
Reason can arrive at all knowledge
32.
Descartes' methodological point of departure was
a)
Empiricism
b)
Rationalism
c)
Skepticism
d)
Theism
33.
Carried to an extreme Berkeley's thinking can become
a)
Rationalism
b)
Atheism
c)
Solipsism
d)
Materialism
34.
According to Kant, statements that give us information about the world are
a)
Synthetic statements
b)
Analytic statements
c)
Skeptical statements
d)
Agnostic statements
35.
Who claimed that the claim that the world must conform to the mind was a kind of Copernican revolution in knowledge?
a)
Hume
b)
Locke
c)
Descartes
d)
Kant
36.
Innate ideas are ideas that
a)
are acquired through experience.
b)
based on an individual's cultural traditions.
c)
can never be known to be true.
d)
the mind possesses from birth.
37.
Descartes argued that human beings are born with innate ideas of the three fundamental kinds of things in the universe:
a)
sense perception, ideas and concepts.
b)
God, minds and material bodies.
c)
understanding, sense perception and material bodies.
d)
God, material bodies and properties of material bodies.
38.
What philosopher argued that scientific claims or hypotheses must be capable of being falsified through empirical observations?
a)
William Whewell
b)
John Stuart Mill
c)
Karl Popper
d)
Isaac Newton
39.
What philosopher argues that space and time are structures within our minds?
a)
Immanuel Kant
b)
David Hume
c)
John Locke
d)
Gottfried Leibniz
40.
The empricist believes that
a)
the only source of genuine knowledge is sense experience.
b)
apart from experience, reason is an unreliable and inadequate route to knowledge.
c)
there is no evidence of innate ideas within the mind.
d)
all of these choices
41.
According to Locke's analysis, a primary quality of an apple might be
a)
its red color.
b)
its roundness.
c)
its smoothness.
d)
its smell.
42.
In Hume's philosophy, all the contents of our mind can be reduced to those given by the senses and experience. He calls these
a)
perceptions.
b)
images.
c)
sense data.
d)
brain waves.
43.
All triangles have three sides is an example of a(n) ____ statement.
a)
analytic
b)
synthetic
c)
a posteriori
d)
analytic a posteriori
44.
What philosopher argued that the language of each culture contains the basic categories and structures that the people of that culture use to understand and organize their experience?
a)
Immanuel Kant
b)
Wilhelm von Humboldt
c)
Francis Bacon
d)
John Stuart Mill
45.
What philosopher wrote: "A text is understood only if it is understood in a different way every time."?
a)
Hans-Georg Gadamer
b)
Ludwig Wittgenstein
c)
David Hume
d)
Immanuel Kant
46.
Who argued that the truth of an idea depends on the practical difference it makes?
a)
Hume
b)
Locke
c)
James
d)
Russell
47.
According to the ____ theory of truth, a belief is true if it is, or can be, integrated within the framework of all the other beliefs that we already accept as true.
a)
pragmatic
b)
foundationalist
c)
coherence
d)
correspondence
48.
According to the ____ view of scientific truth, scientific theories are literally true or false.
a)
pragamatist
b)
relativist
c)
realist
d)
instrumentalist
49.
Philosophy begins with wonder.
a)
T
b)
F
50.
Socrates held that the gods agreed on what is holy.
a)
T
b)
F
51.
Plato tells the Myth of the Cave in the Republic.
a)
T
b)
F
52.
Holbach was a determinist.
a)
T
b)
F
53.
Hobbes believed that humans were altruistic.
a)
T
b)
F
54.
By "soul" Plato meant "inner self".
a)
T
b)
F
55.
Aristotle held that all living things have a purpose.
a)
T
b)
F
56.
Aristotle claimed that barbarians could be enslaved by Greeks.
a)
T
b)
F
57.
Augustine did not believe that humans have wills.
a)
T
b)
F
58.
Existentialism emphasizes the free and conscious individual.
a)
T
b)
F
59.
Bad faith, according to Jean Paul Sartre, is deceiving ourselves by pretending we are free.
a)
T
b)
F
60.
Hobbes believed that there was more to the Universe than measureable mater.
a)
T
b)
F
61.
Hobbes believed that our mental states are states of our brain.
a)
T
b)
F
62.
Newton believed that all material bodies in the universe were governed by universal laws of nature.
a)
T
b)
F
63.
Anselm offered a version of the ontological argument.
a)
T
b)
F
64.
Aquinas offered a version of the cosmological argument.
a)
T
b)
F
65.
One objection to the design argument comes from the theory of evolution.
a)
T
b)
F
66.
Descartes believed that our knowledge of was derived from our senses.
a)
T
b)
F
67.
Locke was an empiricist.
a)
T
b)
F
68.
Locke believed that there was no difference between primary and secondary qualities.
a)
T
b)
F
69.
Berkeley was an empiricist.
a)
T
b)
F
70.
A priori propositions are propositions that we can know to be true without having to observe the world.
a)
T
b)
F
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