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WorksheetsGeology Review
Total questions: 68
Worksheet time: 40mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What are the two types of crust?
a)
continental and oceanic
b)
ocean and basin
c)
lower and upper
d)
thick and thin
2.
What drives tectonic plate movement?
a)
gravity
b)
coriolis effect
c)
convection currents
d)
the earth's magnetic core
3.
When one plate slides underneath another, it ____ and the magma _____.
a)
hardens; sinks
b)
melts; sinks
c)
hardens; rises
d)
melts; rises
4.
According to Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift,
a)
Earth's surface is made up of seven major landmasses
b)
the continents DO NOT move
c)
Earth is slowly cooling and shrinking
d)
the continents were once joined together in a single landmass
5.
What is Pangaea?
a)
the name of a German scientist
b)
the name of the super-continent that existed millions of years ago
c)
another name for continental drift
d)
the name of an ancient fossil
6.
What type of evidence was NOT used by Alfred Wegener to support his continental drift hypothesis?
a)
evidence from landforms
b)
evidence from fossils
c)
evidence from human remains
d)
evidence from climate
7.
In Seafloor Spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts or flows out
a)
along the edges of all the continents
b)
along mid-ocean ridges
c)
in the deep ocean trenches
d)
in the north and south poles
8.
A place where two plates slide past each other, moving in opposite directions, is known as a
a)
transform boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
convergent boundary
d)
rift valley
9.
The youngest rocks on the seafloor are most likely found...
a)
closest to a mid-ocean ridge
b)
farthest from a mid-ocean ridge
c)
near the coastlines
d)
closest to a deep sea trench
10.
At a convergent boundary, how can you determine which plate will be subducted under the other?
a)
the denser plate is subducted under the less dense plate
b)
the younger plate is subducted under the older plate
c)
the plate nearest the poles is subducted under the plate nearer the equator
d)
the plate with greater magnetic properties will be subducted under the less magnetic plate
11.
What happens when an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate?
a)
the denser oceanic plate slides on top of the less dense continental plate
b)
the less dense oceanic plate slides under the denser continental plate
c)
the denser oceanic plate slides under the less dense continental plate
d)
the less dense oceanic plate slides past the denser continental plate
12.
A divergent boundary is a boundary between two plates that ____
a)
move toward each other
b)
undergo subduction
c)
move away from each other
d)
slide along each other
13.
What is the explanation for underwater mountain ranges?
a)
continental drift
b)
seafloor spreading
c)
converging oceanic plates
d)
shearing
14.
What land form is created when an oceanic plate is subducted beneath a continental plate?
a)
mid-ocean ridge
b)
rift valley
c)
trench
d)
volcanic island arc
15.
A break or crack in the Earth's crust is called a...
a)
plate
b)
fault
c)
fold
d)
crack
16.
Large pieces of Earth's lithosphere that move around are called?
a)
sections
b)
plates
c)
land masses
d)
faults
17.
Name the three types of plate boundaries.
a)
convergent, divergent, transform
b)
convergent, divergent, transformers
c)
divergent, insurgent, allegient
d)
conduction, convection, radiation
18.
According to uniformitarianism, how does geologic change happen?
a)
every few years
b)
suddenly
c)
gradually
d)
after an earthquake
19.
Which of the following would be an example of uniformitarianism?
a)
erosion
b)
huge volcanic eruption
c)
floods
d)
massive asteroid hitting earth
20.
Which of the following events would be a catastrophe?
a)
an average rainfall
b)
an asteroid hitting Earth
c)
gradual erosion
d)
deposition
21.
How are rock layers arranged in the geologic column?
a)
youngest rocks in the middle
b)
youngest rocks on the bottom
c)
oldest rocks are on the bottom
d)
oldest rocks are on the top
22.
How does a geologist know that rock layers are undisturbed?
a)
rock layers are folded
b)
rock layers are horizontal
c)
rock layers are tilted
d)
rock layers are faulted
23.
Erosion is one of the major causes of the missing rock layers, known as __________.
a)
superposition
b)
unconformities
c)
the geologic column
d)
tilting
24.
What process involves the comparison of rock layers with others in a sequence to determine its age?
a)
radioactive decay
b)
radiometric dating
c)
relative dating
d)
absolute dating
25.
The Law of Superposition says:
a)
rock layers that are closer to the surface are old
b)
old and new rocks are found in the same place
c)
rock layers get older as you go further down
d)
rock layers that are deep down are the most recent
26.
The Geologic Time Scale is a record of what?
a)
old geologists
b)
sweet geology music
c)
the known history of rocks and fossils
d)
a list of every living thing ever
27.
The process by which running water, wind, or ice carry away bits of broken-up rock(sediment)
a)
weathering
b)
sedimentation
c)
erosion
d)
cementation
28.
A penny has a hardness of 3.5 on the Mohs scale. Which mineral has a hardness similar to a penny?
a)
talc
b)
apatite
c)
fluorite
d)
gypsum
29.
Various processes are involved in the formation of different types of rocks. The diagram below illustrates changes in rock as granite forms gneiss. In addition to heat, which of the following changes granite into gneiss?
a)
acid
b)
water
c)
erosion
d)
pressure
30.
Put the following in order from largest amount of time to smallest.
a)
epoch, eon, era, period
b)
eon, era, period, epoch
c)
period, eon, epoch, era
d)
era, epoch, period, eon
31.
A fish fossil found on a mountain top would provide evidence that the mountain was once _______.
a)
a warmer climate
b)
flat and covered in water
c)
covered in glaciers
d)
a desert
32.
A fern fossil found in Antarctica provides evidence that Antarctica was once _______.
a)
closer to the poles and colder
b)
closer to the equator and warmer
c)
covered by oceans
d)
a mountain
33.
The _____ forms the relatively cool, brittle plates of plate tectonics
a)
eosphere
b)
asthenosphere
c)
astrosphere
d)
lithosphere
34.
______ rocks form by crystallization and consolidation of molten magma
a)
indigenous
b)
sedimentary
c)
primary
d)
igneous
35.
In correct order from the center outward, Earth includes which units?
a)
core, inner mantle, outer mantle, crust
b)
inner core, crust, mantle, hydrosphere
c)
core, crust, mantle, hydrosphere
d)
inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
36.
A process by which rocks breakdown in place to produce soils and sediments
a)
subduction
b)
lithification
c)
weathering
d)
metamorphism
37.
The asthenosphere is actually part of the _____ of the Earth.
a)
outer core
b)
crust
c)
mantle
d)
inner core
38.
The ____ is the thinnest layer of the Earth
a)
crust
b)
inner core
c)
outer core
d)
mantle
39.
In sedimentary rocks, lithification includes ____
a)
compaction and transportation
b)
compaction and cementation
c)
crystallization and cooling
d)
cementation and weathering
40.
What kinds of rocks are fossils normally found in?
a)
igneous
b)
sedimentary
c)
metamorphic
d)
lava
41.
How are time periods on the Geological Timescale divided?
a)
By the appearance of new life forms or mass extinctions
b)
Evenly
c)
By Billions
d)
By weather changes on earth
42.
Name the 4 geological eras in order from oldest to most recent:
a)
Paleozoic, Precambrian, Cenozoic, Mesozoic
b)
Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic
c)
Mesozioc, Precambrian, Paleozoic, Cenozoic
d)
Precambrian, Mesozoin, Cenozoic, Paleozoic
43.
Which layer is the oldest?
a)
F
b)
R
c)
K
d)
S
44.
Which layer is the youngest?
a)
R
b)
M
c)
S
d)
P
45.
How does sea floor spreading occur?
a)
It is a myth and does not occur.
b)
At mid-ocean ridges, magma is forced upward and slowly spreads the plates
c)
Organic material forms limestone on the ocean
d)
The pressure from the ocean water forces down on the sea floor and moves it
46.
Which main layer is more dense than the crust but less dense than the outer core?
a)
mantle
b)
inner core
c)
outer core
d)
crust
47.
How would you describe the outer-core?
a)
liquid nitrogen
b)
liquid iron-rich
c)
solid iron-rich
d)
neither liquid nor solid, but plastic like layer
48.
The Earth is made up of two types of crust. Which is more dense?
a)
Oceanic crust -basalt
b)
Oceanic crust- granite
c)
Continental crust- granite
d)
continental crust- basalt
49.
Identify each layer - #20.
a)
mantle
b)
asthenosphere
c)
inner core
d)
outer core
50.
Which of the following occurs because of convection currents?
a)
Plates on the crust move.
b)
The mantle increases in size.
c)
Pressure in the crust decreases.
d)
Pressure in the crust decreases. The density of the core increases.
51.
Oceanic crust is mostly made of ___________ and continental crust is mostly made of ___________.
a)
Granite, basalt
b)
Basalt, granite
c)
Basalt, shale
d)
Granite, slate
52.
What observation can we make about Earth’s lithosphere AND asthenosphere?
a)
The asthenosphere floats on top of the lithosphere.
b)
The crust and the core make up the lithosphere.
c)
The crust and mantle make up the asthenosphere.
d)
The lithosphere floats on top of the asthenosphere
53.
If you traveled from the center of Earth to the surface, the pressure would...
a)
increase
b)
decrease
c)
stay the same
d)
unsure
54.
Which of the following would help conserve natural resources?
a)
Recycling cans
b)
Planting trees
c)
Carpooling
d)
all of the above
55.
The wise use of natural resources to avoid using them all up; this includes recycling.
a)
Natural Resources
b)
Renewable Resources
c)
Conservation
d)
Pollution
56.
Which of the following is not one of the 3 R's?
a)
Reduce
b)
Reuse
c)
Recycle
d)
Resources
57.
What is the layer of soil that contains humus, leaf litter, and other organic matter?
a)
O - Organic
b)
A - Topsoil
c)
B - Subsoil
d)
R - Bedrock
58.
Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?
a)
Acid rain dissolving limestone
b)
roots breaking into concrete
c)
paper being ripped
59.
How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks? The freezing water—
a)
keeps the rocks in place
b)
makes the rocks last longer
c)
expands, cracks, and breaks rocks
d)
causes rocks to fall in landslides
60.
Which would be needed to form sedimentary rocks?
a)
a volcano
b)
casts and molds
c)
pressure and temperature
d)
wind and water
61.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
d)
Mineral
62.
This rock was heated and compressed over time. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
d)
Mineral
63.
This rock was found near the mouth of a volcano. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
d)
Mineral
64.
The rock cycle
a)
ends with igneous rock
b)
begins with igneous rocks
c)
ends with metamorphic rocks
d)
has no beginning or end
65.
How does wind abrasion work?
a)
Sediment is blown off a surface from wind.
b)
Wind-blown sediment strikes a surface.
c)
Wind blows large chunks of rock off a surface.
d)
Sediment falls off of a surface on its own.
66.
What is mechanical weathering?
a)
Process through which rocks are physically broken into smaller pieces.
b)
Rocks are broken down through chemical changes.
c)
Rocks are worn away from acid in plant roots.
d)
Rocks broken down by machinery.
67.
During chemical weathering, what can happen to the type of rock that has undergone chemical weathering?
a)
a new rock is produced that is larger than the original rock
b)
a new rock is produced that is the same as the original rock
c)
a new rock is produced that is different from the original rock
d)
no new rock is created - it is just smaller in size
68.
The diagrams shows a natural process that weathers rock.
Which statement best explains why this process results in weathering?
Which statement best explains why this process results in weathering?
a)
frozen water acts as a solute
b)
water expands when it freezes
c)
the mass of water increases when it freezes
d)
frozen water dissolves most types of rock
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