WorksheetsAP Biology Big Ideas 1 and 2
Total questions: 53
Worksheet time: 47mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Peptide bonds are formed when _ link to form a polymer.
a)
nucleic acids
b)
amino acids
c)
monosaccharides
d)
polypeptides
2.
DNA & RNA are examples of this type of macromolecule.
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
3.
The three elements that make up most of all 4 types of macromolecules
a)
Water, Oxygen, & Hydrogen
b)
Carbon, Hydrogen, & Oxygen
c)
Nitrogen, Hydrogen, & Oxygen
d)
Nitrogen, Phosphorus, & Sulfur
4.
C6H12O6 is the formula for which sugar?
a)
glucose
b)
frucotose
c)
maltose
d)
sucrose
5.
Which of the following is not a lipid?
a)
triglyceride
b)
phospholipids
c)
steroids
d)
enzymes
6.
Which of the following is not an RNA nitrogenous base?
a)
Adenine
b)
Thymine
c)
Guanine
d)
Uracil
7.
Which term includes all others in the list?
a)
monosaccharide
b)
polysaccharide
c)
starch
d)
carbohydrate
8.
Enzymes and hormones are both examples of:
a)
proteins
b)
lipids
c)
nucleic acids
d)
carbohydrates
9.
What makes up a protein?
a)
Monosaccharide
b)
Amino Acid
c)
Disaccharide
d)
Fatty Acid
10.
All of the following are correct about enzymes EXCEPT?
a)
they enable reactions to occur that would not normally occur.
b)
they lower the energy activation
c)
they are polymers of amino acids
d)
they generally denature at temperatures above 40 degrees Celsius
11.
What element is found in proteins but not carbs nor lipids?
a)
carbon
b)
hydrogen
c)
nitrogen
d)
oxygen
12.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
13.
on an enzyme, the site that attaches to a substrate
a)
Polypeptide
b)
Base
c)
Substrate
d)
Active site
14.
Monomer that forms DNA and has a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogen-containing base
a)
Amino Acid
b)
Nucleotide
c)
Fatty Acid
d)
Monosaccharide
15.
About how much energy is needed for activation?
a)
250kJ
b)
200kJ
c)
150kJ
d)
100kJ
16.
Which of the following is true regarding this graph?
a)
dG is negative, it is spontaneous
b)
dG is negative, it is not spontaneous
c)
dG is positive, it is spontaneous
d)
dG is positive, it is not spontaneous
17.
Which is true regarding this graph?
a)
The reaction is exothermic
b)
The reaction requires energy from the environment
c)
dG is positive
d)
Enzymes would lower A
18.
If an inhibitor fits in the active site on an enzyme then...
a)
It is a non-competitive inhibitor
b)
It is a competitive inhibitor
c)
the inhibitor and substrate are not similar shapes
d)
The enzyme will break down the inhibitor
19.
Which of the following explains how natural selection causes a trait to become predominant in a population?
a)
Individuals with traits that are favorable to the environment reproduce more.
b)
Traits of an individual change in order to adapt to changes in enviornment.
c)
organisms select which traits they wish to inherit
d)
all of these answers
20.
A horse and a donkey can successfully mate to produce offspring known as a mule. Mules are sterile . Would mules be classified as a species?
a)
Yes, mules have enough of their own traits to be considered a species.
b)
Yes, the fact that have different number of chromosomes makes them a different species
c)
No, mules are too similar to the parent species
d)
No, due to their inability to reproduce successfully.
21.
Which of the following evolutionary forces can introduce new genetic variation into a population?
a)
natural selection and non-random mating
b)
natural selection and genetic drift
c)
mutation and genetic drift
d)
mutation and gene flow
22.
Which of the following is an example of gene flow?
a)
A subordinate wolf successfully challenges the alpha male and mates with pack females
b)
A deer picks up spores from a plant as it grazes and deposits them next to that plant.
c)
A young stallion is driven out of its herd by the alpha stallion and begins its own herd in another location
d)
All of these answers
23.
When closely related individuals mate with each other, or inbreed, the offspring are often not as fit as the offspring of two unrelated individuals. Why?
a)
Inbreeding causes normally silent alleles to be expressed
b)
The DNA of close relatives reacts negatively in the offspring
c)
Close relatives are genetically incompatible
d)
Inbreeding can bring together rare, deleterious mutation that lead to harmful phenotypes.
24.
Why would a population with a large amount of genetic variation be more likely to survive a severe climate change in its environment?
a)
Individuals will only create offspring well-suited to the climate change
b)
The individuals would produce more offspring
c)
Individuals better suited to the new climate will help less-suited individuals survive
d)
Some individuals will posses traits better suited to the new climate and be more likely to pass them on
25.
Which of the following is a major domain used for classification?
a)
Domain Plantae
b)
Domain Animalia
c)
Domain Archaea
d)
Domain Protista
26.
All of the following should be used to construct evolutionary trees EXCEPT
a)
DNA sequencing comparison
b)
morphological similarities and differences
c)
physical relationsips
d)
fossil records
27.
Why would a population with a large amount of genetic variation be more likely to survive a severe climate change in its environment?
a)
Individuals will only create offspring well-suited to the climate change
b)
The individuals would produce more offspring
c)
Individuals better suited to the new climate will help less-suited individuals survive
d)
Some individuals will posses traits better suited to the new climate and be more likely to pass them on
28.
Which of the following is a true statement about natural selection?
a)
it is goal directed
b)
individuals evolve
c)
variation exists in a population
d)
acquired characteristics
29.
Using the cladogram: a common ancestor of amphibians and ray-finned fish would have
a)
a bony skeleton
b)
four limbs
c)
scaly skin
d)
eggs with shells
30.
A newly identified organism has four limbs and amniotic eggs with shells. Which organism do they most likely share a common ancestor with?
a)
ray-finned fish
b)
birds
c)
rodents
d)
amphibians
31.
The wing of a bat and a humans' arm have different functions and appear very different. Yet, the underlying anatomy is basically the same. therefore, these structures are examples of
a)
geographic isolation
b)
analogous structures
c)
homology
d)
reproductive isolation
32.
Human newborns usually weigh between 6-8 pounds
a)
stabilizing selection
b)
directional selection
c)
disruptive selection
d)
sexual selection
33.
Which of the following is a true statement about natural selection?
a)
individuals that have modified other species over many generations by selecting
b)
individuals that evolve over time
c)
individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals
d)
acquired characteristics of animals
34.
Which statement best describes the modes of selection depicted in the figure?
a)
stabilizing selection, changing the average color of the population over time
b)
directional selection, favoring the average individual
c)
directional selection, changing the average age color of the population over time
d)
disruptive selection, favoring the average individual
35.
Northern elephant seals have reduced genetic variation. Hunting reduced their population size to as few as 20 individuals at the end of the 19th century. Their population has rebounded to over 30,000 they have much less genetic variation than a population of southern elephant seals that was not so intensely hunted. Which agent of change is this ?
a)
Genetic Drift
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Gene Flow
d)
Mutation
36.
When individuals prefer mates with particular superior physical characteristics or by the preference of individuals to mate with individuals similar to themselves.
a)
Gene Flow
b)
Non Random Mating
c)
Random Mating
d)
Genetic Drift
37.
Mechanisms that reduce the viability or reproductive capacity of hybrid offspring are called
a)
Zygotes
b)
Prezygotic barrier
c)
Post Zygotic barrier
d)
Gene Flow
38.
A farmer uses triazine herbicide to control pigweed in his field. For the first few years, the triazine works well and almost all the pigweed dies; but after several years, the farmer sees more and more pigweed. Which of these explanations best explains what happened?
a)
The herbicide company lost its triazine formula and started selling poor-quality triazine.
b)
Natural selection caused the pigweed to mutate, creating a new triazine-resistant species.
c)
Triazine-resistant pigweed has less-efficient photosynthesis metabolism.
d)
Triazine-resistant weeds were more likely to survive and reproduce.
39.
Which statement represents the best explanation for the observation that the nuclear DNA of wolves and domestic dogs has a very high degree of sequence homology?
Dogs and wolves...
Dogs and wolves...
a)
have very similar morphologies.
b)
belong to the same order.
c)
are both members of the order Carnivora.
d)
share a very recent common ancestor.
40.
During a study session about evolution, one of your fellow students remarks, "The giraffe stretched its neck while reaching for higher leaves; its offspring inherited longer necks as a result." Which statement is most likely to be helpful in correcting this student's misconception?
a)
Characteristics acquired during an organism's life are generally not passed on through genes.
b)
Spontaneous mutations can result in the appearance of new traits.
c)
Only favorable adaptations have survival value.
d)
Disuse of an organ may lead to its eventual disappearance.
41.
Over long periods of time, many cave-dwelling organisms have lost their eyes. Tapeworms have lost their digestive systems. Whales have lost their hind limbs. How can natural selection account for these losses?
a)
Natural selection cannot account for losses, but accounts only for new structures and functions.
b)
Natural selection accounts for these losses by the principal of use and disuse.
c)
Under particular circumstances that persisted for long periods, each of these structures presented greater costs than benefits.
d)
The ancestors of these organisms experienced harmful mutations that forced them to lose these structures.
42.
Looking at the image in the background, which species is most closely related to species W?
a)
V is most closely related to species W.
b)
X is most closely related to species W.
c)
Y & Z are equally closely related to species W.
d)
It is not possible to say from this tree.
43.
During which phase of photosynthesis is O2 created?
a)
Light dependent reactions
b)
Calvin Cycle
c)
Citric Acid Cycle
d)
Glycolysis
44.
A sample of a patient's blood is test and it is found that there are slightly low levels of ATP, and very low levels FADH2. Which process in cellular respiration is most likely affected?
a)
The electron transport chain
b)
the citric acid cycle
c)
pyruvate oxidation
d)
glycolysis
45.
Which pigment is most efficient at higher energy areas of the electromagnetic spectrum?
a)
Chlorophyll A
b)
Chlorophyll B
c)
Carotenoids
d)
No pigment is efficient at high energies
46.
Plants with the largest amount of which pigment will be best suited for growing conditions where light has a green hue.
a)
Chlorophyll A
b)
Chlorophyll B
c)
Carotenoids
d)
A combination of all 3
47.
Why must plants keep their stomata closed during hot days?
a)
Open stomata release too much CO2, starving the plants.
b)
Open stomata release water, causing the plant to dry out.
c)
Open stomata cause the plant to lose access to CO2 molecules
d)
Open stomata lead to a buildup of O2 molecules in the cells.
48.
Where does Glycolysis take place?
a)
In the cytoplasm
b)
Across the outer mitochondrial membrane
c)
Across the inner mitochondrial membrane
d)
In the mitochondrial matrix
49.
When faced with a sudden drop in temperature, an endothermic animal will --
a)
add fur or fat to increase insulation
b)
experience a drop in its body temperature
c)
increase muscle activity to generate heat
d)
wait to see if it goes lower
50.
Most of the ATP produced in cellular respiration comes from which of the following processes?
a)
substrate-level phosphorylation
b)
oxidative phosphorylation
c)
Kreb's Cycle
d)
Glycolysis
51.
Fermentation produces organic molecules, and occurs --
a)
in the absence of oxygen
b)
in the presences of oxygen
c)
during glycolysis
d)
in the mitochondria
52.
Photosynthesis can be divided the light-harvesting reactions and the reduction of ______ to carbohydrates.
a)
oxygen
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
water
d)
NADPH
53.
Animals heavily rely on this mechanism to reduce, or dampen, a stimulus which then returns the body to set point.
a)
Homeostasis
b)
Negative Feedback
c)
Positive Feedback
d)
Circadian Rythm
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