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WorksheetsVolcanoes, Earthquakes, and Plate Tectonics Review
Total questions: 30
Worksheet time: 15mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
The point beneath earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and triggers an earthquake is called the
a)
syncline
b)
footwall
c)
epicenter
d)
focus
2.
The type of seismic waves that arrive at the surface first and move by compressing and expanding the ground like an accordion are called
a)
S waves
b)
P waves
c)
surface waves
d)
Mercalli waves
3.
S waves are also called
a)
primary waves
b)
secondary waves
c)
surface waves
d)
focus waves
4.
Compared to P waves and S waves, surface waves move
a)
faster
b)
slower
c)
at the same rate
d)
farther from the epicenter
5.
In what direction do seismic waves carry the energy of an earthquake?
a)
away from focus
b)
toward the focus
c)
from the surface to the interior
d)
through the mantle only
6.
The rating system that estimates the total energy released by an earthquake is called the
a)
Richter scale
b)
moment magnitude scale
c)
mechanical seismograph scale
d)
Mercalli scale
7.
What does a seismograph record?
a)
the Mercalli scale rating from an earthquake
b)
the speed of seismic waves
c)
the ground movements caused by seismic waves
d)
the location of the epicenter
8.
If the Coast Guard warns of a giant wave of water approaching the shore as a result of a major earthquake, they are warning of
a)
an aftershock
b)
liquefication
c)
a tsunami
d)
landslides
9.
What is the minimum number of seismograph stations required in order to determine the exact location of an earthquake's epicenter?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
10.
What happens to a tsunami as it approaches shallow water?
a)
It causes liquefaction.
b)
I causes large earthquakes.
c)
Its wave height decreases.
d)
Its wave height grows.
11.
Before lava reaches the surface, the molten material is called
a)
rock
b)
magma
c)
volcanic ash
d)
liquid fire
12.
The formation of the Hawaiian Islands is one example of
a)
volcanoes forming over a hot spot.
b)
volcanoes forming along plate boundaries.
c)
the Ring of Fire.
d)
continental drift.
13.
A volcano that may erupt again at some time in the distant future is
a)
active.
b)
dormant.
c)
explosive.
d)
extinct.
14.
Tall, cone-shaped mountains in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash are called
a)
shield volcanoes.
b)
cinder cone volcanoes.
c)
composite volcanoes.
d)
lava plateaus.
15.
The huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain is called a
a)
lava plateau
b)
caldera
c)
cinder cone
d)
shield volcano
16.
When ash, cinders, and bombs build up in a steep pile around a volcano's vent, the result is a
a)
cinder cone volcano
b)
shield volcano
c)
composite volcano
d)
dormant volcano
17.
The transfer of energy through empty space is called
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
d)
subduction
18.
Heat transfer within a fluid takes place by
a)
convection currents
b)
radiation
c)
conduction
d)
density
19.
According to Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift
a)
Earth's surface is made up of seven major landmasses
b)
the continents do no move
c)
Earth is slowly cooling and shrinking
d)
the continents were once joined together in a single ladmass
20.
Most geologists rejected Alfred Wegener's idea of continental drift because
a)
they were afraid of a new idea
b)
Wegener was interested in what Earth was like millions of years ago
c)
Wegener used several different types of evidence to support his hypothesis
d)
Wegener could not identify a force that could move the continents
21.
What technology did scientists use in the mid-1900s to map the mid-ocean ridge?
a)
satellites
b)
deep-sea diving
c)
submarines
d)
sonar
22.
In sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts
a)
along the edges of all the continents
b)
along mid-ocean ridges
c)
in deep-ocean trenches
d)
at the north and south poles
23.
The process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle is known as
a)
convection
b)
continental drift
c)
subduction
d)
conduction
24.
Most geologists think that the movement of Earth's plates is caused by
a)
conduction
b)
earthquakes
c)
convection currents in the mantle
d)
Earth's magnetic field
25.
The geological theory that states the pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant, slow motion is the theory of
a)
subduction
b)
plate tectonics
c)
deep-ocean trenches
d)
sea-floor spreading
26.
A place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions, is known as a
a)
transform boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
convergent boundary
d)
rift valley
27.
A rift valley forms at a
a)
convergent plate boundary
b)
divergent plate boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
deep-ocean trench
28.
A collision between two pieces of continental crust at a converging boundary produces a
a)
mid-ocean ridge
b)
deep-ocean trench
c)
rift valley
d)
mountain range
29.
Any trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock is called a
a)
landform
b)
continent
c)
fossil
d)
landmass
30.
Which of the following can cause damage days or months after a large earthquake?
a)
the arrival of surface waves
b)
liquefaction
c)
a tsunami
d)
an aftershock
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