Sensory Nerve Endings: Free Nerve Endings -> _____________

Sensory Nerve Endings: Eccrine -> ___________

Sensory Nerve Endings: Krause End Bulbs -> _______________

Sensory Nerve Endings: Merkel's Disks -> ____________

Sensory Nerve Endings: Pacinian Corpuscles -> ______________

Sensory Nerve Endings: Ruffini Corpuscles -> _______________

Which of these is NOT a role of skin?

Burn Classification:
~ Previously 1st degree
~ Only epidermis (i.e. sunburn)

Burn Classification:
~ Previously 2nd degree
~ Destroys epidermis & damage part of papillary dermal layers
~ Blanching present
~ Blister forms
~ Pain present (nerve endings intact, but irritated)
~ Minimal scarring

Burn Classification:
~ Previously 3rd degree
~ Destroys epidermis & damage dermis (as far as reticular layer)
~ Blanching present
~ Hair follicles / sweat glands destroyed
~ Severe edema (damage to blood vessels & inability of circulation to removed products of inflammation)

Burn Classification:
~ Previously 4th degree
~ Destroys both epidermis & dermis, and often underlying layers of fat tissue
~ Main characteristic = eschar (dead tissue that looks and feels like leather - black, red, white)
~ No sensation
~ Require surgical graft

Burn Classification:
~ Previously 4th degree
~ Destroys epidermis, dermis, & all underlying tissues including fat, muscle, and bone
~ May be caused by flame / electrical shock
~ Require surgical repair & often amputation

Electric current passes through the body following line of least resistance. What is the path of least resistance?

Scars:
~ Extends beyond parameters of original wound

Scars:
~ Remains w/in parameters of original wound

Rule of Nines (for adults):
~ If Patient X had burns on their anterior trunk, L anterior LE, and L UE, what percent of their body is burned?

Skin graft:
~ Use pt's own skin

Skin graft:
~ Another human's skin

Skin graft:
~ Animal skin (pig)

When one's feet have prolonged exposure to wet conditions:

Cold Injuries:
~ Superficial blood vessels dilate & unable to adjust to blood flow -> ischemia
~ Tissue exposed becomes pale & hard
~ When warmed -> swollen, red, painful
~ May result in necrosis
~ Warming should be gradual

Cold Injuries:
~ Emergency situation
~ Prolonged exposure to cold causes body to react to preserve vital organs by shunting blood away from periphery
~ Core body temp: < 95 F
~ Sleepiness, confusion, numbness, shivering, bradypnea, slurred speech
~ Gradual warming

Bacterial Infections:
~ Infection of individual hair follicle

Bacterial Infections:
~ Infection of multiple hair follicles

Bacterial Infections:
~ Infection & inflammation in dermal & subcutaneous layers

Bacterial Infections:
~ Infection of superficial layers of skin
~ Found primarily in young children & elderly people

T/F: Boils, carbuncles, cellulitis, and impetigo can be caused by staphylococcus aureus.

Fungal Infections:
T/F:
~ Tinea pedi = Athlete's Foot
~ Tinea corporis = Nails
~ Tinea Cruris = Jock Itch
~ Tinea capitis = Scalp
~ Tinea faciei = Face

Viral Infections:
~ "Cold sores"
~ HSV-1 - spread by contact w/ open sores (rash of vesicles around mouth)
~ HSV-2 - STD (spread even when no open lesions are present)

Viral Infections:
~ "Shingles"
~ Common in those > 55 y/o
~ Caused by the same thing that causes chicken pox
~ Virus stored in posterior root ganglion of spinal nerves after initial infection
~ May be reactivated
~ Neuralgia may be long term
~ Cellulitis may occur

Viral Infections:
~ Caused by more than 120 HPVs
~ Various types

T/F: Removal of a wart / verruca consists of cryotherapy, electroautery, and utilization of laser.

What causes pruritus (rash), redness, and itching?

What emerges and feed by sucking blood from skin?

Other Skin Conditions:
~ Also known as atopic dermatitis
~ Chronic noninfectious skin lesions
~ May be caused by allergens; genetic component

Other Skin Conditions:
~ Also known as contact dermatitis
~ Hives

Other Skin Conditions:
~ Chronic, hereditary skin disease
~ Thought to be autoimmune
~ Skin cells live ~ 4 days (opposed to normal 28 days) -> rapid exfoliation

Neoplasms of the Skin:
~ Most common
~ Originates in epidermis
~ Unknown etiology
~ Prognosis: Rarely metastasize, but must be treated (surgically removed)

Neoplasms of the Skin:
~ 2nd most common
~ Caused by prolonged sun exposure (UV light)
~ Prognosis: Good if treated early; may metastasize
~ Surgical removal

Neoplasms of the Skin:
~ Very invasive
~ Caused by prolonged sun exposure (UV light)
~ Source of tumor is in melanocytes
~ Prognosis: Depends on depth of tumor
~ Surgical removal; excision of lymph nodes in area to minimize metastasis

Skin Ulceration:
~ Actual cause is reduction in oxygenation perfusion of tissues

Skin Ulceration:
~ Result of impaired venous circulation

Shortly after this specific lecture, what was Marissa impressed by?

Next time on Dragon Ball Z...