NEW
Font size
S
M
L
XL
WorksheetsEcology Test 2 Review
Total questions: 46
Worksheet time: 2hrs 32mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
On ten acres of native forest there are eight white-tailed deer, seven coyotes, 45 armadillos, and 231 loblolly pine trees. Which population has the highest density?
a)
white-tailed deer
b)
coyotes
c)
armadillos
d)
loblolly pine trees
2.
Purple loosestrife is an aggressive, non-native flowering plant that is now destroying fields and wetlands across the country. What is the main way that an introduced plant such as purple loosestrife can harm the environment?
a)
It pollutes the air
b)
It interrupts the water cycle
c)
It interrupts the carbon cycle
d)
It crowds out native plants
3.
American bison, which are large grazing mammals, are most often found clumped in small groups. What might you infer about the spatial distribution of American bison?
a)
A clumped group provides better protection from predators.
b)
A clumped group attracts more prey.
c)
A clumped group can graze a larger area.
d)
A clumped group takes better advantage of water resources.
4.
The stable ecosystem that results due to succession ____________.
a)
is called a niche
b)
is called a climax community
c)
is always a forest
d)
never changes
5.
A flowering plant has seeds that are carried by the wind. Infer the most likely dispersion pattern of the plants that grow from these seeds.
a)
uniform
b)
clumped groups
c)
random
d)
spatial
6.
The disappearance of which of the following pair of species would result in the total collapse of the food web?
a)
algae and dragonflies
b)
algae and elm trees
c)
dragonflies and foxes
d)
elm trees and bass
7.
Most of the energy that flows through an ecosystem is lost as heat as it moves through trophic levels.
a)
True
b)
False
8.
Which graph (A, B, or C in the bottom half of Figure 4-2) best pictures the growth of the student's yeast population?
a)
C
b)
A
c)
B
9.
Researchers have found that a local squirrel population fluctuates from year to year. Which of the following factors would cause the squirrel population to grow?
a)
the birth rate is equal to the death rate
b)
emigration is greater than immigration
c)
the death rate is higher than the birth rate
d)
the birth rate is greater than the death rate
10.
Population control factors whose effects increase as the size of the population increases are ____________.
a)
density-dependent factors
b)
density-independent factors
c)
limiting factors
d)
abiotic factors
11.
Each of the following is a density-dependent limiting factor EXCEPT __________.
a)
competition
b)
disease
c)
natural disasters
d)
crowding
12.
Species and ecosystems are not affected by human activities.
a)
True
b)
False
13.
Ecosystem disruption
a)
threatens the existence of thousands of species.
b)
increases biodiversity.
c)
protects natural habitats.
d)
has no effect on biodiversity.
14.
A population’s emigration in one month totaled 3 individuals. During the same period, immigration was 17 individuals. Natality(birth) was 24, and mortality(death) was 26 due to a parasite infection. What was the net effect on the population size?
a)
-14
b)
0
c)
+12
d)
+26
15.
Density, distribution, and growth rate are characteristics used to classify which one of the following?
a)
biomes
b)
populations
c)
limiting factors
d)
age structure
16.
What type of succession is most likely to happen in Figure 3-2?
a)
primary
b)
secondary
c)
tertiary
d)
climax
17.
Examine the food web shown in Figure 5-4. Suppose an herbicide is used to kill some of the algae in this ecosystem. The herbicide does not break down in the environment. Inside the cells of which organism would you expect to find the highest amount of herbicide? (Think about biological magnification)
a)
algae
b)
cougar
c)
elm tree
d)
minnow
18.
What effect did the loss of species B have on species A and D in Figure 5-3?
a)
it caused the populations of A and D to decrease
b)
it caused the populations of A and D to increase
c)
it caused the populations of A and D to become extinct
d)
it had no effect on the populations of A and D
19.
Which area in Table 5-1 has the greatest biodiversity?
a)
Area A
b)
Area B
c)
Area C
d)
Area D
20.
How does the logistic model of population growth differ from the exponential model?
a)
The exponential model shows a restricted growth rate.
b)
The logistic model considers the environment’s carrying capacity.
c)
The graph of the exponential model is S shaped.
d)
The graph of the logistic model has a longer lag phase.
21.
Look at the graph in Figure 3-4. What does this graph tell us about this species of plant?
a)
Too much sunlight can hurt them.
b)
They thrive in a lot of sun.
c)
Heat is damaging to them.
d)
They need plenty of water.
22.
From Table 5-1, which species has the highest average population size?
a)
Species W
b)
Species X
c)
Species Y
d)
Species Z
23.
Harmful substances become increasingly dangerous to organisms at higher trophic levels of a food chain through ___________.
a)
nitrogen cycle
b)
energy pyramids
c)
biomagnification
d)
habitat degradation
24.
Ling feeds her guppies one-half teaspoon of fish food every day. The average guppy population in her aquarium over a four-month period is 38 guppies. She increased the food to one teaspoon per day. After a four-month period, the average population is 53 guppies.
Which of the following statements is supported by these data?
Which of the following statements is supported by these data?
a)
The size of the aquarium was a limiting factor.
b)
Food was a limiting factor.
c)
As long as Ling keeps adding more food, the guppy population will continue to grow.
d)
Guppies reproduce rapidly.
25.
Unrestricted populations of organisms experience ____________.
a)
fertility
b)
linear growth
c)
biotic growth
d)
exponential growth (j-shaped)
26.
Examine the graph in Figure 5-3. Which species were not affected by the loss of species B?
a)
species A, C, and E
b)
species C and E
c)
species C only
d)
species E only
27.
For many years orchid collectors searched Exotic Islands for the beautiful Kimmarie Orchid, which is found no place else in the world. After they found the orchid, they brought it back to their homes. In the last couple of years the Kimmarie Orchid has not been found on the island. As a result, hobbyists are now sending the Kimmarie Orchid to be replanted on the islands.
The Kimmarie Orchid became extinct in the wild due to ____.
The Kimmarie Orchid became extinct in the wild due to ____.
a)
habitat loss
b)
exotics
c)
habitat degradation
d)
over collection
28.
Density-Independent factors are limiting factors whose effects are ______________.
a)
determined by the degree of competition for resources
b)
determined by the difference between birthrate and population density
c)
confined to the habitat of the population
d)
not influenced by population density
29.
For many years orchid collectors searched Exotic Islands for the beautiful Kimmarie Orchid, which is found no place else in the world. After they found the orchid, they brought it back to their homes. In the last couple of years the Kimmarie Orchid has not been found on the island. As a result, hobbyists are now sending the Kimmarie Orchid to be replanted on the islands.
The hobbyists are trying to correct the Kimmarie Orchid problem they caused by using ____.
The hobbyists are trying to correct the Kimmarie Orchid problem they caused by using ____.
a)
exotic species
b)
a reintroduction program
c)
habitat corridors
d)
habitat fragments
30.
The introduction of a non-native species most often will have no effect on the food webs in an ecosystem.
a)
True
b)
False
31.
At which stage in Figure 3-3 are the most pioneer species found?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
32.
Species that exist very early in the development of a community are called ____________.
a)
climax species
b)
succession species
c)
pioneer species
d)
dominant
33.
If the four areas in Table 5-1 were the only places in the world to find these organisms, which species most likely faces the greatest chance of extinction?
a)
Species U
b)
Species X
c)
Species Y
d)
Species Z
34.
In Figure 3-1, where will you most likely find the greatest diversity?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
35.
A population that has reached its carrying capacity usually has the shape of an _________.
a)
M
b)
I
c)
S
d)
J
36.
Which biome has the greatest biodiversity?
a)
grasslands
b)
rainforest
c)
desert
d)
tundra
37.
The extinction rate of terrestrial and freshwater species is currently higher than the extinction rate of marine species. What is the most likely reason for this?
a)
Human activities have a greater impact on terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems.
b)
There are no economic incentives for humans to use ocean resources.
c)
Marine organisms have had a longer time to adapt to their environment.
d)
The oceans have a greater area than land and freshwater ecosystems combined.
38.
A biotic or abiotic factor in the environment that restricts the size of a population is a ___________.
a)
growth inhibitor
b)
carrying capacity
c)
limiting factor
d)
none of these
39.
Which characteristic is typical of a k-strategist?
a)
short life span
b)
generally a small organism
c)
produces many offspring
d)
lengthy parental care
40.
Compare primary and secondary succession. What is the distinction between them?
a)
Primary succession is the sequence of species that become established early in a newly colonized area, and secondary succession is the sequence of species that move in later.
b)
Primary succession is the establishment of a community in an area with no soil, while secondary succession is the establishment of a new community in an existing ecosystem that was disturbed.
c)
Primary succession is the establishment of a new community in an existing ecosystem that was disturbed, while secondary succession is the establishment of a community in an area with no soil.
d)
Primary succession is the sequence of plants that colonize a new area, while secondary succession is the sequence of animals that move in later.
41.
The kudzu vine is a plant native to Japan. Kudzu was brought over to the United States in the late 1800’s as a decorative plant that also helps prevent soil erosion. Since then kudzu has spread throughout the southeastern United States, covering native shrubs and trees with its green, leafy vines. How could the kudzu vine cause problems for the native species in the United States?
a)
Kudzu won’t have much of an effect.
b)
Kudzu will compete for water and sunlight and cause many native plants to die.
c)
Kudzu will help the native plants grow better than they did before.
d)
Kudzu will add nutrients to the forest floor, and so the native plants will become stronger than before.
42.
Primary succession may occur _________________.
a)
on an abandoned farm field
b)
on a lot made vacant when a building is removed
c)
on an island formed by a volcanic eruption
d)
in an opening in a forest where a patch of trees has been removed
43.
Which of these species might be classified as a pioneer species?
a)
ponderosa pine
b)
choke cherry
c)
aspen
d)
lichen
44.
If the death rate and the birth rate of the skunk population in Greenfield are equal as well as immigration and emigration are equal, then their population will remain stable.
a)
True
b)
False
45.
A breeding pair of rabbits escaped from their cage behind a farmer’s barn. The farmer observed the rabbits and kept data on their population size for ten years. During this time, the rabbits reproduced and their offspring reproduced many times. The fenced, undisturbed two acres where the rabbits live support populations of predators, such as hawks and snakes, as well as a limited supply of grass and water. At the end of the ten years, the farmer graphed the data he collected. Which of the following best describes his graph?
a)
The graph is generally J shaped showing exponential growth.
b)
The graph tends to show small peaks and valleys showing growth during times when resources were plentiful and death when resources were scare due to the increased number of rabbits.
c)
The graph is a horizontal line showing the effects of predation.
d)
The graph angles up in a straight line at 45° showing the effects of ample resources.
46.
A fruit fly that has a short life span and produces many offspring can be classified into which reproductive strategy?
a)
r-strategist
b)
k-strategist
c)
a carrying-capacity strategist
d)
a logistic strategist
Reset
