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WorksheetsUnit 4 Test Review
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 13mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
In 1989, a tanker carrying oil struck a reef and spilled 11 million gallons of oil in an Alaskan bay. The oil not only spilled into the harbor, but also washed up on the shoreline. The spill killed millions of fish, birds that lived on the shore, sea otters, porpoises, seal lions and many whales. Every form of life in the area was affected. Scientists have carefully studied the area and its species since the initial spill to determine both short-term and long-term effects.
Which of the following was affected the least by this catastrophic event?
Which of the following was affected the least by this catastrophic event?
a)
plants along the shoreline
b)
fishermen in the area
c)
migratory sea birds
d)
crustaceans that lived on the bottom of the bay
2.
Rivers start in areas of higher elevation and run towards the ocean. The river moves sediment, as well as water. When a river is dammed, it will change the sediment flow of an area. Which change of sediment would be a result of a dam being built.
a)
more sediment would be moved down the river
b)
more sediment would be deposited right after the dam
c)
more sediment would be deposited in the lake
d)
the dam will not affect the deposition of sediment
3.
Which region in Texas is likely to be most affected by erosion caused by wind?
a)
tropical rainforest
b)
temperate deciduous forest
c)
desert
d)
temperate rainforest
4.
Hurricane Katrina had a dramatic affect on many coastal areas along the Gulf of Mexico. The following pictures show a stretch of beach in Texas before and after the storm made landfall. What effect will the storms erosive damage most likely have on this section of beach in the future?
a)
The higher ocean level will decrease the amount of sand being brought onto the beach, making the beach smaller.
b)
The loss of vegetation along the coast will increase the amount of beach erosion in the future, making the beach smaller.
c)
The loss of vegetation along the coast will decrease the amount of beach erosion in the future, making the beach bigger.
d)
The higher ocean level will increase the amount of sand being brought onto the beach, making the beach bigger.
5.
Which ecoregion of Texas is most likely to be most affected by wind erosion?
a)
East Texas Piney Woods
b)
Rolling Plains
c)
Blackland Prairies
d)
Gulf Coast Prairies and Marshes
6.
Wildebeests are cow-like animals with horns. They migrate in herds across Africa in search of the grasses they feed on. Wildebeests are prey for lions. A drought would MOST LIKELY cause a herd to —
a)
migrate farther than usual
b)
become more horse-like
c)
begin to prey on lions
d)
produce larger herds
7.
Karen has a birdbath made of poured concrete. When she bought it, the salesman suggested that she seal the surface with a watertight solution. Why was this suggestion made?
a)
In cold, wet weather, any water that seeped into the concrete would freeze and cause the birdbath to crack.
b)
The watertight solution would slow the evaporation of water during periods of warm weather.
c)
Over time, rainwater would react with the surface of the concrete and deposit a mineral layer over the carved areas.
d)
When rainwater sits in a concrete basin, the pH becomes too acidic for the birds. The solution allows the pH to remain neutral.
8.
Texas hill country is largely composed of soft limestone rock. When exposed to carbonic acid in rainwater, limestone can deteriorate and weaken. What affect does this process have on the landforms of Texas hill country?
a)
leads to contamination of groundwater
b)
strong Texas clay sits under limestone, so the weakened limestone does not affect landforms
c)
leads to the formation of underground caves
d)
leads to increased amounts of erosion causing deserts to form
9.
Which water conservation technique is most important during the month of August?
a)
Water home foundations using a drip hose.
b)
Install low-flow shower heads.
c)
Water lawns during the early morning hours.
d)
Take showers rather than baths.
10.
Sand for beaches comes from rocks in the area that are weathered down, and their sediment is deposited in the area beaches. The beaches are then eroded, and the sediment is moved away from the beaches. If rocks stopped weathering, how would the beach change?
a)
The beach would gain sediment because sand would still be deposited and not weathered away.
b)
The beach would lose sediment because sand would still erode away, and there is no new sediment being deposited.
c)
The beach would stay the same because the beach could not change if it could not be weathered.
d)
The beach would lose sediment because the sand would still weather, moving sediment into the ocean.
11.
John was changing the oil in his truck. He dumped the used oil around a fence post to keep weeds from growing. John didn't know it, but he was hurting the environment because the oil —
a)
rots the base of the fence post and attracts harmful insects
b)
goes deep into the soil and pollutes the groundwater
c)
kills weeds and they are an important part of the environment
d)
attracts more insects that will take over his yard
12.
If a large volcano that is on an island erupts, it will impact the local ecosystem. Which of the following is NOT a way the volcano will affect the local ecosystem?
a)
Lava will run down from the volcano, burning down all the trees around the volcano.
b)
The lava from the volcano will heat up the air in the local area and kill all life in the area.
c)
When the volcano erupts, it will throw dust into the air affecting plants across the island.
d)
The lava will run into the ocean around the island, killing coral reef animals.
13.
The above diagram represents the ecoregions of Texas.
Palo Duro Canyon, often called the Grand Canyon of Texas, is located in the Panhandle. The steep walls and deep caves of the canyon were most likely carved by —
Palo Duro Canyon, often called the Grand Canyon of Texas, is located in the Panhandle. The steep walls and deep caves of the canyon were most likely carved by —
a)
water erosion from a fork of the Red River
b)
years of prevailing winds from the Rocky Mountainsdeforestation by early settlersyears of prevailing winds from the Rocky Mountains
c)
deforestation by early settlers
d)
continuous, intense rainfall over long periods of time
14.
A student gathered four trays and four different kinds of rock samples — granite, limestone, marble, and sandstone. She tilted the trays, put a rock sample on the top end of each tray, and used a pump to force water continuously through a tube over the rocks for four days (96 hours). She collected data and recorded observations of each rock sample at the end of each day.
The purpose of the student’s investigation is to determine —
The purpose of the student’s investigation is to determine —
a)
what kind of rock particles are suitable for purifying water
b)
how changes in the rate of water flow affect different kinds of rocks
c)
the effects of weathering on various environments of Texas
d)
the effects of pH on different kinds of rocks
15.
A student gathered four trays and four different kinds of rock samples — granite, limestone, marble, and sandstone. She tilted the trays, put a rock sample on the top end of each tray, and used a pump to force water continuously through a tube over the rocks for four days (96 hours). She collected data and recorded observations of each rock sample at the end of each day.
The results of the student’s investigation in the experiment will be useful for —
The results of the student’s investigation in the experiment will be useful for —
a)
a farmer choosing between contour farming or terracing to prevent erosion
b)
a shorefront property owner wanting to protect his property from chemical weathering
c)
a sculptor deciding which type of rock to use in a monument
d)
a golf course grounds keeper deciding what kind of turf to plant on the fairways and greens
16.
A river in Texas starts at a natural spring of water. The spring water flows up into an area that is used as a swimming pool, and then flows into a river a few miles away. Eight million gallons of water flow out of the spring every hour. What is the relationship between the spring and the river?
a)
The water from the spring is ground water that joins the surface water of the river.
b)
The water from the river and spring are both examples of surface water.
c)
The water from the river and spring are both examples of ground water.
d)
The water from the spring and river are considered run-off.
17.
A volcanic eruption adds, among other things, a large amount of lava to the environment. This balances which of the following forces?
a)
gravity
b)
weathering
c)
erosion
d)
fossilization
18.
A local gardener puts fertilizer on his plants. The plants are very healthy, but what is a negative effect the fertilizers have on the environment?
a)
Excess fertilizer is washed into local streams, causing an overgrowth of algae, which is a producer.
b)
The fertilizer builds up in the soil and causes more weeds to grow over time.
c)
The fertilizer evaporates, causing acid rain to fall on the neighborhood.
d)
The fertilizer causes an overabundance of producers.
19.
A student drew the model below to represent a part of a watershed and some human activities that affect the watershed.
How do the industrial, agricultural, and residential activities of humans most likely affect the groundwater in the area?
How do the industrial, agricultural, and residential activities of humans most likely affect the groundwater in the area?
a)
The activities prevent most of the water from evaporating into the atmosphere.
b)
Pollutants from the activities percolate through the soil and enter the water table.
c)
The activities replace the groundwater used.
d)
All of the above
20.
In some areas of Texas, rain water quickly moves through layers of rock and is stored naturally underground. The water is then pumped into homes for people to use.
What would cause the biggest change on the amount of water available to people in this area?
What would cause the biggest change on the amount of water available to people in this area?
a)
long periods of high temperatures
b)
below-freezing temperatures for many consecutive days
c)
long periods without rainfall
d)
non-porous rocks to store the water
21.
The following computer model was created to illustrate how a watershed can be affected by human activities. What is the most likely reason for placing the farm land upstream from the factories?
a)
The water at the highest point of the river will have been impacted the least by human activities, so it should be the cleanest.
b)
Farms do not have a negative impact on watersheds, so they should be placed upstream.
c)
The factory puts pollution into the air, so it does not matter where the farm is located.
d)
The farm should be placed upstream because pesticides from the farm will end up in the river, which is beneficial for the factories downstream.
22.
Complete the statement based on the chart and graphic above. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, ground water contamination in most states most likely originates from —
a)
fertilizer
b)
human waste
c)
oil spills
d)
radioactive substances
23.
A small stream runs through the center of a residential neighborhood. Water enters the stream from a series of storm drains in the area. For many years, the shape of the streambed, the amount of water, and the species of wildlife have remained stable. However, there has been an increase in building in the area. New homes, new streets, and new storm drains have had an impact.
What effect have the changes likely had on the neighborhood stream?
What effect have the changes likely had on the neighborhood stream?
a)
The water level has risen and is flowing more slowly. The stream is depositing sediment downstream.
b)
The water quality has been drastically changed due to contact with the pavement. The number of species in the creek has decreased.
c)
The increase in paved areas has increased the amount of water flowing into the creek. The stream bank has eroded.
d)
The amount of water flowing into the stream has decreased. The stream is flowing more quickly, which increases erosion of the streambed.
24.
The image above shows stalactites on the ceiling of a cave in Texas.
Rainwater dissolves calcium carbonate from the limestone in the soil. The water with dissolved calcium carbonate soaks into the ground towards the caves. Some of the water drips to the floor when it reaches the cave and collects in a pool. When the water does not drip, it evaporates leaving the calcium carbonate that form the stalactites.
Which event in the formation of stalactites is an example of deposition?
Rainwater dissolves calcium carbonate from the limestone in the soil. The water with dissolved calcium carbonate soaks into the ground towards the caves. Some of the water drips to the floor when it reaches the cave and collects in a pool. When the water does not drip, it evaporates leaving the calcium carbonate that form the stalactites.
Which event in the formation of stalactites is an example of deposition?
a)
Rainwater dissolves calcium carbonate from the limestone in the soil.
b)
The water with dissolved calcium carbonate soaks into the ground towards the caves.
c)
Some of the water collects in a pool on the floor of the cave.
d)
Some of the water evaporates leaving the calcium carbonate.
25.
Sandstone erodes faster than limestone?
a)
True
b)
False
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