WorksheetsIntro and Methods
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 50mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which perspective highlights the reproductive advantages of inherited human traits?
a)
evolutionary
b)
cognitive
c)
behavioral
d)
social-cultural
2.
The most notable feature of the psychodynamic perspective is its emphasis on
a)
natural selection.
b)
brain chemistry.
c)
unconscious conflicts.
d)
learned behaviors.
3.
Which perspective most clearly focuses on how we learn observable responses?
a)
evolutionary
b)
neuroscience
c)
behavioral
d)
behavior genetics
4.
The cognitive perspective in psychology focuses on how
a)
feelings are influenced by blood chemistry.
b)
people try to understand their own unconscious drives.
c)
behavior is influenced by environmental conditions.
d)
people encode, process, store, and retrieve information.
5.
The cognitive perspective in psychology focuses on how
a)
feelings are influenced by blood chemistry.
b)
people try to understand their own unconscious drives.
c)
behavior is influenced by environmental conditions.
d)
people encode, process, store, and retrieve information.
6.
Dr. Straub is investigating the psychological, biological, and behavioral factors that create heart disease. He is most likely a
a)
personality psychologist.
b)
cognitive psychologist.
c)
clinical psychologist.
d)
health psychologist.
7.
Clinical psychologists specialize in
a)
constructing surveys.
b)
animal research.
c)
providing therapy to troubled people.
d)
providing drugs to treat behavioral disorders.
8.
The specialist most likely to have a medical degree is a
a)
clinical psychologist.
b)
personality psychologist.
c)
developmental psychologist.
d)
psychiatrist.
9.
Studies conducted for the sake of building psychology's base of knowledge are most clearly examples of
a)
the testing effect.
b)
replication.
c)
basic research.
d)
positive psychology.
10.
In an experiment to determine the effects of attention on memory, memory is the
a)
A. control condition
b)
B. intervening variable
c)
C. independent variable
d)
D. dependent variable
11.
Five students received the following test scores: 7,11,5,6, and 11. What is the mean and range?
a)
A. 8,6
b)
B. 11,4
c)
C. 8,11
d)
D. 8,7
12.
If the correlation between the physical weight and reading ability of children is +0.85, this would indicate that
a)
A. there is very statistical relationship between weight and reading ability among children
b)
B. low body weight has a negative effect on the reading abilities of children
c)
C. better reading ability is associated with greater physical weight among children
d)
D. body weight has no causal influence on the reading abilities of children
13.
Which of the following correlations between annual income and education level would best enable you to predict annual income on the basis of level of education?
a)
A. +0.05
b)
B. -0.01
c)
C. +0.10
d)
+0.50
14.
To ensure that other researchers can repeat their work, psychologists use
a)
control groups.
b)
random assignment.
c)
double-blind procedures.
d)
operational definition.
15.
After a detailed study of a gunshot wound victim, a psychologist concludes that the brain region destroyed is likely to be important for memory functions. Which type of research did the psychologist use to deduce this?
a)
the case study
b)
a survey
c)
correlation
d)
experimentation
16.
A psychologist studies the play behavior of young children by watching groups during recess at school. Which type of research is being used?
a)
correlation
b)
case study
c)
experimentation
d)
naturalistic observation
17.
Well-done surveys measure attitudes in a representative subset, or _____, of an entire group, or ____.
a)
population; random sample
b)
control group; experimental group
c)
experimental group; control group
d)
random sample; population
18.
A professor constructs a questionnaire to determine how students at the university feel about nuclear disarmament. Which of the following techniques should be used in order to survey a random sample of the student body?
a)
Every student should be sent the questionnaire.
b)
Only students majoring in psychology should be asked to complete the questionnaire.
c)
Only students living on campus should be asked to complete the questionnaire.
d)
From an alphabetical listing of all students, every tenth (or fifteenth, e.g.) student should be asked to complete the questionnaire.
19.
Which type of research would allow you to determine whether students' grades accurately predict later income?
a)
case study
b)
naturalistic observation
c)
experimentation
d)
correlation
20.
If height and body weight are positively correlated, which of the following is true?
a)
There is a cause-effect relationship between height and weight.
b)
As height increases, weight decreases.
c)
Knowing a person's height, one can predict his or her weight.
d)
All of these statements are true.
21.
If shoe size and IQ are negatively correlated, which of the following is true?
a)
People with large feet tend to have high IQs.
b)
People with small feet tend to have high IQs.
c)
People with small feet tend to have low IQs.
d)
IQ is unpredictable based on a person's shoe size.
22.
To determine the effects of a new drug on memory, one group is given a pill that contains the drug. A second group is given a sugar pill that does not contain the drug. This second group constitutes the
a)
random sample
b)
experimental group
c)
control group
d)
test group
23.
Which of the following would be best for determining whether alcohol impairs memory?
a)
case study
b)
naturalistic observation
c)
survey
d)
experiment
24.
The procedure designed to ensure that the experimental and control groups do not differ in any way that might affect the experiment's results is called
a)
variable controlling.
b)
random assignment.
c)
representative sampling.
d)
stratification.
25.
Martina believes that high doses of caffeine slow a person's reaction time. To test this belief, she has five friends each drink three 8-ounce cups of coffee and then measure their reaction time on a learning task. What is wrong with Martina's research strategy?
a)
No independent variable is specified.
b)
No dependent variable is specified.
c)
There is no control condition.
d)
There is no provision for replication of the findings.
26.
Which of the following is the measure of central tendency that would be most affected by a few extreme scores?
a)
A. mean
b)
B. range
c)
C. median
d)
D. mode
27.
The football team's punter wants to determine how consistent his punting distances have been during the past season. He should compute the
a)
A. mean
b)
B. median
c)
C. mode
d)
D. standard deviation
28.
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a normal curve?
a)
A. The distribution is bell-shaped and symmetrical
b)
B. Most scores fall near the mean
c)
C. About 95 percent of all scores fall within one standard deviation on either side of the mean
d)
D. The distribution describes many types of psychological data
29.
When a difference between two groups is statistically significant, this means that
a)
A. the difference is statistically real but of little practical significance
b)
B. the difference is probably the result of sampling variation
c)
C. the difference is not likely to be due to chance variation
d)
D. all of these statements are true
30.
Which of the of following is not a research method.
a)
Experiment
b)
Correlation Study
c)
Naturalistic Observation
d)
Causation
31.
A potential problem with a case study is
a)
They are extremely reliable
b)
They can't be replicated
c)
Generalizing to the public
d)
They are valid
32.
______ are good because researchers can get a lot of information from a lot of people in a short amount of time.
a)
Experiments
b)
Correlation Studies
c)
Surveys
d)
Case Studies
33.
Mean, Median, and Mode are three measures of
a)
Central Tendency
b)
Inferential Statistics
c)
Experimental Statistics
d)
Standard Deviations
34.
A specific, testable prediction, narrower than a theory
a)
Theory
b)
Hypothesis
c)
Critical thinking
d)
Psychological reasoning
35.
Operational definitions are used for which of the following reasons?
a)
They enable researchers to replicate studies by precisely describing the variables and how they are used.
b)
They exclude mental processes from being studied, as they are no longer considered part of the scientific study of psychology.
c)
They determine which test of statistical significance will be used to analyze the results of the experiment
d)
They determine whether the experiment is better suited for a laboratory or a field setting
36.
When everybody has an equal chance of being included in a study, this process is called
a)
unbiased reporting
b)
survey
survey
c)
random sample
d)
reliability
37.
Dr. Schulte wants to investigate if aggressive behavior in children is increased if they view violent videos. In this instance, the dependent variable is
a)
violent videos
violent videos
b)
aggressive behavior
aggressive behavior
c)
a placebo
a placebo
d)
the control condition
the control condition
38.
The kind of therapy developed by Freud is called
a)
Gestalt therapy.
b)
Psychoanalysis
c)
Behavior modification
d)
S-R therapy.
39.
Psychology is
a)
the study of human origins, evolution, and cultures.
b)
the scientific study of behavior and mental processes of any living creature.
c)
a natural science integrating physiology and neurology.
d)
the deductive study of forms and functions of human groups.
40.
What is a double blind procedure?
a)
Participants don't know which group they're in
b)
Researchers don't know which group the participants are in
c)
Neither participants nor researcher knows who is in which group
d)
Both researcher and participants know who is in each group
41.
Which of the following is a measure of variability?
a)
mean
b)
median
c)
mode
d)
standard deviation
42.
What does variance represent?
a)
How many different variations are in the data set.
b)
How the population varies compared to the sample.
c)
How spread out each data value is from the mean.
d)
The range, but with a bunch of other stuff going on.
43.
Reformed understanding of mental illness. Created first mental hospitals
a)
Dorthea Dix
b)
Charles Darwin
c)
Wilhelm Wundt
d)
William James
e)
Ivan Pavlov
44.
First woman president of the American Psychological Association
a)
Sigmund Freud
b)
Mary Whiton Calkins
c)
Margret Floy Washburn
d)
John Watson
e)
Jean Piaget
45.
The first woman Ph.D. in psychology. The second woman President of the APA
a)
Sigmund Freud
b)
Mary Whiton Calkins
c)
Margret Floy Washburn
d)
John Watson
e)
Jean Piaget
46.
I am conducting a study on the effect of sleep on grades. I am assigning students to different hours of sleep and then having them take a test to measure how sleep affects their grade. I predict that sleep deprivation will lead to poor grades. I don't distinguish what counts as sleep deprived and what counts as a poor grade. What part of the scientific method have I not done?
a)
created a testable hypothesis
b)
decided on what I am manipulating (what my IV will be)
c)
decided on what I am measuring (what my DV will be)
d)
operationally defined my variables
47.
Jerry deceived the participants of his study. What must he do after he completes his study due to his deception?
a)
analyze his data
b)
publish his results
c)
He doesn't have to do anything
d)
debrief his participants
48.
Which professional specialty focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of people with psychological disorders?
a)
personality psychology
b)
biological psychology
c)
clinical psychology
d)
developmental psychology
49.
Industrial/organizational psychologists are most likely to be hired by:
a)
businesses interested in maximizing worker productivity.
b)
elementary schools to create reading programs to help struggling students.
c)
fast-food chains to design an employee-training program.
d)
law-enforcement agencies to analyze crime scenes.
50.
A medical doctor who specializes in treating psychological problems is a
a)
health psychologist
b)
psychiatrist
c)
developmental psychologist
d)
research psychologist
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