WorksheetsUnit 1A-Evolution
Total questions: 53
Worksheet time: 2hrs 53mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which viral life cycle kills its host cell by lysing?
a)
lytic
b)
mitosis
c)
lysogenic
d)
S phase
2.
Which viral life cycle allows viral genetic material to lay dormant while the host cell reproduces?
a)
lytic
b)
mitosis
c)
lysogenic
d)
S phase
3.
Viruses are...
a)
prokaryotic
b)
eukaryotic
c)
non-living
d)
endospores
4.
One reason that viruses are considered to be nonliving is that they are not made of ______.
a)
protein
b)
viruses
c)
bacteria
d)
cells
5.
What do viruses have in common with living cells? They both...
a)
store genetic information
b)
have chloroplasts
c)
use glucose for cellular respiration
d)
have endoplasmic reticulum
6.
How could you describe the size of a virus?
a)
Smaller than bacteria
b)
Larger than a parasite
c)
About the size of a dime
d)
Smaller than a proton
7.
One scientific hypothesis about the origin of life holds that ____.
a)
proteins that duplicate themselves came to function in information storage.
b)
RNA replaced DNA as the most stable information-storing molecule.
c)
as cells evolved, they stopped using RNA entirely.
d)
RNA existed before DNA.
8.
Examples of fossils include preserved ______.
a)
body parts.
b)
footprints.
c)
eggs.
d)
all of these
9.
To be useful as an index fossil, a species must have existed for a ____.
a)
short period over a small geographic range.
b)
long period over a small geographic range.
c)
short period over a wide geographic range.
d)
long period over a wide geographic range.
10.
A viral capsid functions to ____.
a)
transcribe viral genes.
b)
bind the virus to the surface of a host cell.
c)
destroy a host cell.
d)
force a host cell to make copies of the virus.
11.
What does fossil evidence indicate about the order in which these three vertebrates evolved: a bony fish with a jaw, a jawless fish, and a fish with leglike fins?
a)
The bony fish evolved before the jawless fish.
b)
The fish with leglike fins evolved before the jawless fish.
c)
The jawless fish was the last to evolve.
d)
The fish with leglike fins was the last to evolve.
12.
Animals that are warm-blooded, have body hair, and produce milk for their young are in the class ____.
a)
Aves
b)
Mammalia
c)
Reptilia
d)
Amphibia
13.
The two domains composed of only unicellular, prokaryotic organisms are ____.
a)
Archaea and Eukarya.
b)
Eubacteria and Archaea.
c)
Archaea and Bacteria.
d)
Eukarya and Bacteria.
14.
Structures that have a similar embryological origin and structure but are adapted for different purposes, such as a bat wing and a human arm, are called _____.
a)
analogous structures
b)
homologous structures
c)
vestigial structures
d)
embryological structures
15.
Eubacteria and archaebacteria differ in ____.
a)
size
b)
the makeup of their cell walls.
c)
the presence of a cell wall.
d)
the presence of a nucleus.
16.
According to the cladogram in Figure 18-1, what two characteristics do crabs and barnacles share in Cladogram B that limpets do not?
a)
tiny free-swimming larva and segmentation
b)
molted external skeleton and segmentation
c)
molted external skeleton and tiny free-swimming larva
17.
Which level of taxonomic category shown in Figure 18-4 indicates whether an organism is a mammal or not?
a)
the domain
b)
the class
c)
the species
d)
the order
18.
What is true about dissimilar organisms such as a cow and a yeast?
a)
Their degree of relatedness cannot be evaluated.
b)
Their degree of relatedness can be determined from their genes.
c)
They are not related at all.
d)
They can interbreed and thus are the same species.
19.
Sharks and dolphins, which belong to different vertebrate groups, are not closely related. What pattern of evolution has taken place?
a)
adaptive radiation
b)
punctuated equilibrium
c)
convergent evolution
d)
coevolution
20.
According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, individuals who survive are the ones best adapted for their environment. Their survival is due to the ____.
a)
possession of adaptations developed through use.
b)
lack of competition within the species.
c)
possession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness.
d)
choices made by plant and animal breeders.
21.
Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution explains all of the following EXCEPT ____.
a)
how evolution takes place in the natural world.
b)
how inherited traits are passed from parent to offspring.
c)
how species change over time.
d)
how species evolve.
22.
How would you date a sample of rock that you suspect as being one of the earliest on Earth?
a)
Use an index fossil.
b)
Use a radioactive isotope with a short half-life.
c)
Use a radioactive isotope with a long half-life.
d)
Use a microfossil.
23.
Sometimes, organisms that are not closely related look similar because of ___.
a)
reclassification.
b)
mutations.
c)
molecular clocks.
d)
convergent evolution.
24.
The outer protein coat of a virus is called a ____.
a)
bacteriophage.
b)
capsid.
c)
tail sheath.
d)
DNA core.
25.
What is formed when the viral genetic material integrates with host cell genetic material?
a)
prophage
b)
lytic cycle
c)
lysogenic cycle
d)
phages
26.
Unlike lytic viruses, lysogenic viruses do NOT ____.
a)
enter the lytic cycle.
b)
lyse the host cell right away.
c)
inject their genetic material into the host cell.
d)
infect host cells.
27.
Scientists assign each type of organism a universally accepted name in the system known as ____.
a)
cladistic.
b)
traditional classification.
c)
binomial nomenclature.
d)
the three domains.
28.
Which of the following characteristics of living things is NOT true about viruses?
a)
able to reproduce using a host cell
b)
obtain and use energy
c)
evolve over time
d)
contain genetic material
29.
What does the presence of similar genes in very dissimilar organisms imply?)
a)
The organisms share a common ancestor.
b)
The genes became identical through mutation.
c)
The organisms do not share a common ancestor.
d)
The genes were produced by different selection pressures.
30.
Proteinoid microspheres are tiny bubbles that resemble cells because they ____.
a)
build proteins from amino acids.
b)
have selectively permeable membranes.
c)
add oxygen gas to the atmosphere.
d)
contain DNA and/or RNA.
31.
Which kingdom has autotrophs with cell walls made of cellulose?
a)
Animalia
b)
Plantae
c)
Fungi
d)
Protista
32.
Which kingdom has heterotrophs with cell walls made of chitin?
a)
Fungi
b)
Animalia
c)
Protista
d)
Plantae
33.
A pattern in which species experience long, stable periods interrupted by brief periods of rapid evolutionary change is called ____.
a)
adaptive radiation
b)
coevolution
c)
convergent evolution
d)
punctuated equilibrium
34.
According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, the individuals that tend to survive are those that have ____.
a)
variations best suited to the environment.
b)
characteristics that plant and animal breeders value.
c)
characteristics their parents acquired by use and disuse.
d)
the greatest number of offspring.
35.
In humans, the pelvis and femur, or thigh bone, are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur are barely developed and are called _____.
a)
examples of fossils.
b)
acquired traits.
c)
examples of natural variation.
d)
vestigial structures
36.
The same kinds of cells that grow in similar patterns in different but related organisms produce ____.
a)
homologous structures such as wings and arms.
b)
the same kind of embryos.
c)
descent with modification.
d)
natural variations in a population.
37.
The endosymbiotic theory proposes that eukaryotic cells arose from ____.
a)
multicellular prokaryotes.
b)
individual prokaryotic cells.
c)
communities formed by prokaryotes.
d)
communities formed by eukaryotes.
38.
The domain that corresponds to the kingdom Eubacteria is ____.
a)
Archaea
b)
Fungi
c)
Eukarya
d)
Bacteria
39.
Which of these facts about mitochondria and chloroplasts constitute(s) support for the endosymbiotic theory?)
a)
Their ribosomes resemble the ribosomes of bacteria.
b)
Their DNA resembles bacterial RNA.
c)
They are organelles that are found within plant cells.
d)
all of the above
40.
For many species, there are often regional differences in their ___.
a)
common names.
b)
taxons.
c)
scientific names.
d)
binomial nomenclature.
41.
Based on their names, you know that the baboons Papio anubis and Papio cynocephalis do NOT belong to the same ____.
a)
class.
b)
family.
c)
genus.
d)
species.
42.
An analysis of derived characters is used to generate a ____.
a)
family tree based on external appearance.
b)
cladogram.
c)
family tree based on DNA structure.
d)
traditional classification system.
43.
What do all organisms have in common?
a)
They use DNA and RNA to pass on information.
b)
They are all prokaryotes.
c)
They are all eukaryotes.
d)
They are genetically identical.
44.
All viruses are made of proteins and ___.
a)
nucleic acids.
b)
prophages.
c)
bacteriophages.
d)
endospores.
45.
Some viral diseases require only one vaccination, which lasts for years. For other diseases like the flu, vaccinations last only one season. The flu vaccine lasts such a short time because the flu virus ____.
a)
is more easily transmitted.
b)
is less dangerous.
c)
mutates much more rapidly.
d)
is much smaller.
46.
The flying squirrel of North America closely resembles the flying phalanger of Australia. They are similar in size and have long, bushy tails and skin folds that allow them to glide through the air. The squirrel is a placental mammal, while the phalanger is a marsupial. These close resemblances, even though genetically and geographically separated by great distances, can best be explained by _____.
a)
convergent evolution.
b)
vestigial structures.
c)
spontaneous generation.
d)
divergent evolution.
47.
The series of predictable changes that occurs in a community over time is called ___.
a)
population growth.
b)
ecological succession.
c)
climate change.
d)
climax community.
48.
Primary succession can begin after ____.
a)
a forest fire.
b)
farm land is abandoned.
c)
a lava flow.
d)
a severe storm.
49.
What is one difference between primary and secondary succession?
a)
Primary succession is slow and secondary succession is rapid.
b)
Secondary succession begins on soil and primary succession begins on newly exposed surfaces.
c)
Primary succession modifies the environment and secondary succession does not.
d)
Secondary succession begins with lichens and primary succession begins with trees.
50.
The ribosome of the bacterium E. coli includes the ribosomal protein L4 (rpl4). The rpl4 gene carries the instructions for making rpl4. Which of the following arguments provides support for the claim that E. coli has a common ancestor with all other organisms?
a)
Every organism contains a structure that is similar to a ribosome. This structure helps convert the instructions from the rpl4 gene into amino acids.
b)
Every organism possesses in its ribosome a protein that is similar to rpl4. This protein has an amino acid sequence that is similar to the sequence of E. coli’s rpl4
c)
Every organism depends on proteins to carry out essential cellular processes. Ribosomes are needed by all organisms to synthesize proteins such as rpl4.
d)
Every organism has proteins made of amino acids. The code for amino acids is the same in E. coli because the instructions for amino acids come from the DNA. DNA contains the same components in all organisms.
51.
What do viruses have in common with living cells? They both...
a)
store genetic information
b)
have chloroplasts
c)
use glucose for cellular respiration
d)
have endoplasmic reticulum
52.
Using the dichotomous key, determine the genus of birds W, X, Y, and Z.
a)
Geospiza, Platyspiza, Certhidea, Camarhynchus
b)
Camaryhncus, Certhidia, Geospiza, Platyspiza
c)
Platyspiza, Certhidea, Camarhynchus, Geospiza
53.
The process by which two species, for example, a flower and a pollinating insect, evolve in response to changes in each other over time is called ____.
a)
punctuated equilibrium.
b)
adaptive radiation (divergent evolution).
c)
coevolution.
d)
convergent evolution.
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