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WorksheetsAPE Unit 6: Industry & "isms"
Total questions: 105
Worksheet time: 53mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Who invented the spinning jenny?
a)
Richard Arkwright
b)
Samuel Crompton
c)
Andrew Ure
d)
James Hargreaves
2.
How did labor in British families change in the eighteenth century?
a)
Family members increasingly adopted new machines that reduced the time of household labor significantly.
b)
Husbands became more involved in managing the household.
c)
Family members shifted labor away from unpaid work for household consumption and toward work for wages.
d)
Family members increasingly scattered to diverse places of employment, rarely working together.
3.
How did cotton transform the textile industry?
a)
Cotton provided a more secure source of raw material for textiles than wool or flax, since it was less susceptible to yearly changes in weather or environment.
b)
Cotton was far less expensive than wool or flax, permitting a significant decrease in the cost of new textiles.
c)
Cotton could be spun mechanically with much greater efficiency than wool or flax, helping to solve the shortage of thread for textile production.
d)
Cotton could be produced in far greater quantity than flax or wool because it could be grown in many of the British colonies.
4.
What did James Watt gain from his partnership with Matthew Boulton?
a)
Skilled workers
b)
Precision parts
c)
Contacts with government officials
d)
Capital and skills in salesmanship
5.
The tendency to hire family units in the early factories was
a)
a government-sponsored response to urbanization.
b)
usually a response to the wishes of the families.
c)
replaced by the system of pauper apprenticeship.
d)
outlawed by the Combination Acts.
6.
Why did eighteenth-century Britain have a shortage of wood?
a)
Wood had been over-harvested; it was the primary source of heat in all homes and a basic raw material in industry.
b)
The new industrial pollution began to destroy traditional old-growth forests.
c)
The vast expansion of the British navy in the wars against France led to a problem of deforestation.
d)
The widespread building of canals and roads required large amounts of wood and had caused many forests to be cut through.
7.
Thomas Malthus argued in his Essay on the Principle of Population (1798) that
a)
the productivity of the Industrial Revolution would result in a rise in the standard of living.
b)
population tends to increase beyond the means of subsistence.
c)
government programs are necessary to prevent distress.
d)
capitalism will prevent distress through an increase in productivity.
8.
How did railroads affect the nature of production?
a)
The speed of rail travel required manufacturers to adopt more regularized work routines.
b)
Railroads permitted factories to be established anywhere, without concern for access to other resources.
c)
The availability of raw materials became more secure, supporting greater investment in machinery.
d)
Markets become broader, encouraging manufacturers to create larger factories with more sophisticated machines.
9.
What did Henry Cort develop?
a)
The first locomotive, after much experimentation
b)
The first commercial steamship, initially used in North America
c)
The puddling furnace, which allowed pig iron to be refined with coke
d)
The steam engine, which became a major factor in the Industrial Revolution
10.
What was the result of the development of the British economy between 1780 and 1851?
a)
Much of the growth in the gross national product was eaten up by population growth.
b)
The large increase in wages resulted in a vast increase in personal consumption.
c)
Average consumption per person decreased as industrial work drove down wages.
d)
The large growth in population caused the gross national product to remain stagnant.
11.
What did the Mines Act of 1842 prohibit?
a)
The use of Irish laborers in English mines
b)
Underground work for all women and girls as well as boys under ten
c)
Night work in the mines
d)
Work shifts longer than eight hours
12.
David Ricardo’s iron law of wages states that
a)
wages always move in proportion to productivity in the workplace.
b)
the pressure of population growth will always sink wages to subsistence level.
c)
wages of the working class always rise as a percentage of the wages of the upper classes.
d)
population growth creates more highly talented people who produce greater profits.
13.
What was the major breakthrough in energy and power supplies that catalyzed the Industrial Revolution?
a)
Thomas Newcomen’s 1705 steam engine
b)
The development of the internal combustion engine
c)
The use of running water to power cotton-spinning machinery
d)
James Watt’s development of the steam engine between the 1760s and the 1780s
14.
How did industry grow in continental Europe?
a)
Belgium led continental Europe in adopting British technology for production.
b)
Following the Napoleonic Wars, France experienced a boom in factory production as the economy shifted from wartime to peacetime production.
c)
Russia industrialized very rapidly once the serfs were emancipated in 1861.
d)
Austria-Hungary made almost no progress in industrialization in the nineteenth century.
15.
In nineteenth-century Germany, Fritz Harkort sought
a)
to demonstrate that widespread economic growth could be achieved through agricultural development without having to develop industry.
b)
to develop a private academy that would train engineers for industrial production
c)
to match English achievements in machine production as quickly as possible, even at great, unprofitable expense.
d)
to lead a revolt by artisan craftsmen against the introduction of machine technology.
16.
Industrial development in continental Europe was slowed for two decades by
a)
the Napoleonic Wars.
b)
the revolutions of 1830.
c)
the revolutions of 1848
d)
the unification of Germany.
17.
How did class-consciousness form during the Industrial Revolution?
a)
Industrial workers were forced into ever-larger factories that provided the opportunity for them to recognize their common plight.
b)
Forward-thinking radicals educated the laboring classes in the Marxist doctrine.
c)
As modern industry created conflict between industrialists and laborers, individuals came to believe that classes existed and developed a sense of class feeling.
d)
The government acted to protect the position and wealth of the new industrialists.
18.
The Great Exhibition of 1851 commemorated the
a)
industrial dominance of Britain.
b)
half-century of labor reforms in Britain.
c)
creation of the German Zollverein.
d)
launch of the Great Eastern Railroad.
19.
How did the origins of industrialists change as the Industrial Revolution progressed?
a)
More industrialists emerged from the working classes as they became familiar with the new machine technology.
b)
More industrialists emerged from the working classes, as creditors recognized the vast profits in new enterprises and were willing to assume more risk in new ventures.
c)
Industrialists increasingly emerged from the migrant communities, who carried new technologies across borders.
d)
It became harder to form new firms, and instead, industrialists were increasingly likely to have inherited their wealth.
20.
Who was William Cockerill?
a)
The inventor of the spinning jenny
b)
The chief financial backer of the first commercial railway in England
c)
An English carpenter who built cotton-spinning equipment in Belgium
d)
The prime minister of Britain who opposed the Factory Act of 1833
21.
Who were the Luddites?
a)
Irish peasants who formed secret societies against British landowners
b)
Dutch agricultural workers who rebelled against their falling standard of living in comparison to the urban workers
c)
British handicraft workers who attacked factories and destroyed machinery they believed were putting them out of work
d)
Scottish Highlanders who formed community groups that worked building railroads across Great Britain
22.
What was the key development in the eighteenth century that allowed continental banks to shed their earlier conservative nature?
a)
Industrialization of the continent
b)
Establishment of limited liability investment
c)
Recruitment of bank deposits from the landed aristocracy
d)
Influx of British investment
23.
Why were cottage workers, accustomed to the putting-out system, reluctant to work in the new factories even when they received good wages?
a)
Cottage workers liked the paternalistic relationship they had with the merchant capitalist.
b)
In a factory, workers had to keep up with the machine and follow its relentless tempo.
c)
Working in a factory meant getting up very early every day.
d)
Cottage workers wanted to remain close to their local parish church.
24.
In The Condition of the Working Class in England, Friedrich Engels stated that
a)
the British middle classes were guilty of "mass murder" and "wholesale robbery."
b)
in general, the living conditions of the working class were "slowly improving."
c)
the class-consciousness of the working class would lead to "social revolution."
d)
"the working class was itself responsible" for most of the problems its members faced.
25.
The Factory Act of 1833 constituted a major victory in the prevention of the exploitation of children in that it
a)
allowed children ten and older to work only if they worked with their family.
b)
banned children under nine years of age from employment.
c)
banned children under fourteen years of age from employment.
d)
allowed children aged fourteen to eighteen to work a maximum of eight hours a day.
26.
Owing to the Industrial Revolution, living and working conditions for the poor
a)
stagnated or even deteriorated until around 1850.
b)
improved only after 1840.
c)
deteriorated throughout the nineteenth century.
d)
changed little during the nineteenth century.
27.
What was an effect of the Factory Act of 1833?
a)
It limited the work of children and thereby broke the pattern of families working together in factories.
b)
It required employers to keep logs of all work-related injuries and accidents and provide copies to local authorities.
c)
It established the first minimum wage for workers, although it did not apply to children.
d)
It authorized workers to form unions if the factory had more than twenty-five employees.
28.
In the "separate spheres" pattern of gender relationships,
a)
women were expected to produce sufficient income for the family to provide for themselves.
b)
women generally stopped working outside of the home after the first child was born.
c)
men took on significant childcare and domestic roles so that women could work outside of the home.
d)
women increasingly gained access to employment opportunities that had traditionally been reserved for men.
29.
How did older members of the population seek to control the sexuality of working-class youths?
a)
They supported the establishment of sex-segregated employment.
b)
They required women to offer proof of virginity in order to obtain a position in a factory.
c)
They established stiff fines and punishments for extramarital sex.
d)
They required factory owners to build workers’ dormitories with strict curfews and lockdowns.
30.
Which law outlawed labor unions and strikes in Britain?
a)
Factory Act of 1833
b)
Mines Act of 1842
c)
Coercive Acts of 1766
d)
Combination Acts of 1799
31.
The reformer Robert Owens sought to
a)
create a single large national union for British workers.
b)
defend the rights of private property against socialist claims.
c)
free laborers from the restrictions of the Factory Acts.
d)
form a committee of industrialists to advise the government on industrial policy.
32.
In the eighteenth century, railroad construction on the European continent
a)
was much cheaper than it had been in Britain.
b)
featured varying degrees of government involvement.
c)
was generally the work of private entrepreneurs.
d)
generally followed the British pattern.
33.
What was the key demand of the Chartist movement?
a)
Employers must be required to provide basic education for child workers under the age of ten.
b)
All women must be paid equally to men.
c)
Britain must permit the import of grain without duties attached in order to keep food prices low.
d)
All men must be given the right to vote.
34.
In 1850, in what occupational area did the largest number of British people work?
a)
Artisans and skilled craftsmen
b)
Factory and industrial labor
c)
Farming and agriculture
d)
Transportation
35.
What major problem in the textile industry was solved by the inventions of James Hargreaves and Richard Arkwright?
a)
Spinners were producing far more thread than weavers could use.
b)
A weaver required several spinners to stay steadily employed.
c)
Neither spinners nor weavers could keep up with the enormous demand for cotton cloth.
d)
Merchants who ran the putting-out system required a better system of transportation of raw materials and finished goods.
36.
How did iron become the basic building block of the British economy in the nineteenth century?
a)
The spread of coke smelting and the development of steam-powered rolling mills increased production enormously and reduced the price of iron products.
b)
Government-funded research led the way in the development of inexpensive processes for the production of iron products.
c)
British capitalists used new techniques developed in American iron foundries to increase the manufacture of inexpensive iron products.
d)
Breakthroughs in Russian iron production dramatically lowered the price of iron early in the nineteenth century.
37.
Why do many historians now believe that the continued concentration by the French on artisan production of luxury items made sense in an era of industrialization?
a)
France, after a generation of revolution and war, was not in a position to industrialize.
b)
France had long dominated that sector of production; it allowed France to capitalize on its know-how and international reputation.
c)
The large British lead in industrial technology discouraged the French throughout most of the nineteenth century.
d)
The French economy, which was overwhelmingly agricultural and concentrated on small-scale farming, did not lend itself to industrialization.
38.
Why were the young, generally unmarried women who worked for wages outside the home confined to certain "women’s jobs"?
a)
The sexual division of labor replicated a long-standing pattern of gender segregation and inequality.
b)
Men, as breadwinners for their families, demanded the best and highest-paying jobs.
c)
Governments, concerned that factory work would interfere with the growth of the national population, increasingly regulated what women could do.
d)
Most religions condemned work outside the home for women.
39.
As the business world grew increasingly complex, what did the wives and daughters of successful businessmen discover in eighteenth-century Europe?
a)
There were still many opportunities for active participation in the business world.
b)
Formal education, from which they were excluded, had become very important as a means of success and advancement in the business world.
c)
There were few job opportunities for women, as most businessmen assumed that middle-class wives and daughters should avoid work in offices and factories.
d)
Governments passed legislation forbidding middle-class women from working in offices and factories.
40.
In his 1835 study of the cotton industry, what did Andrew Ure conclude about conditions in most factories?
a)
They were terrible but gradually improving.
b)
They were not harsh and even quite good.
c)
They were so bad as to require governmental intervention.
d)
They were problematic only because the workers were lazy and ignorant.
41.
What was the function of the Crystal Palace?
a)
It was Tsar Alexander I’s answer to Versailles.
b)
It was the location of the Great Exhibition in 1851 in London.
c)
It was the nickname for the Archbishop of Canterbury’s new cathedral.
d)
It was an architectural masterpiece constructed entirely of marble.
42.
In the nineteenth century, Edwin Chadwick gained fame as
a)
a trade union leader
b)
an advocate of improved public sanitation
c)
a proponent of mass migration to the countryside.
d)
an influential follower of Karl Marx.
43.
What was Georges Haussmann’s contribution to nineteenth-century life?
a)
Developing the antiseptic method
b)
Rebuilding Paris
c)
His realistic novels of lower-class life
d)
Pioneering the use of electric streetcars in Europe
44.
What was a result of improved economic conditions in the nineteenth century?
a)
There were more job opportunities for women outside the home.
b)
More women remained single.
c)
Married women were not expected to work outside the home.
d)
The vote was extended to women in much of Europe.
45.
Which of the following characterizes early-nineteenth-century British cities?
a)
Overcrowding in cities inhibited population growth.
b)
City officials demolished row houses in order to build more efficient apartment complexes.
c)
New laws limiting capacity in buildings eased overcrowding.
d)
Nearly all land was used for buildings, which meant parks or open areas were almost nonexistent.
46.
What was a central component of the improvements in sanitation in the nineteenth century?
a)
Horses carried many of the diseases that afflicted humans.
b)
Communal baths would reduce the spread of dangerous bacteria.
c)
Excrement from outhouses could be carried off by water through sewers at low cost.
d)
Most diseases were carried into cities by rural laborers who came into the cities for work.
47.
What was the breakthrough implication of Louis Pasteur’s work?
a)
Human dietary habits affected immunity to diseases.
b)
Diseases were passed to humans through airborne agents that could be eliminated by moving sources of filth and decay away from humans.
c)
Diseases were caused by specific living organisms that could be controlled.
d)
Most human diseases were the result of molds that occurred naturally in human environments.
48.
How did the electric streetcar affect the urban environment?
a)
Cities could expand as even people of modest means could travel quickly and cheaply to new, improved, and less congested housing.
b)
The wealthy and middle classes could isolate themselves since the streetcar was too expensive for the poor.
c)
Urban dwellers adopted the practice of returning home for lunch, diminishing the sense of attachment one felt to the workplace environment.
d)
Cities abandoned efforts to control urban growth as the boundaries of cities expanded.
49.
What was the flaw in Jean-Baptiste Lamarck’s theory of evolution?
a)
His assertion that characteristics parents acquired in the course of their lives could be passed on to their offspring by heredity
b)
His denial that human beings had evolved from other primates
c)
His claim that genetic mutations were random
d)
His belief that God intervened to push evolution in the direction of greater complexity
50.
How did wages change in the late nineteenth century?
a)
Real wages decreased for the mass of the population, and the gap between the rich and the poor increased.
b)
Real wages rose for the mass of the population, but the gap between the rich and the poor did not decrease.
c)
Real wages decreased for the mass of the population, but so did prices thanks to industrialization, leading to an increase in living standards.
d)
Real wages increased for the mass of the population, but prices rose even more dramatically, leading to a decrease in living standards.
51.
How did the expansion of the Industrial Revolution affect the work life of the middle class?
a)
The middle class increasingly used their ownership of businesses to distance themselves from active roles in the economy.
b)
The middle class established a range of new professions, which required specialized knowledge and advanced education.
c)
Increasingly undermined by wealthy industrialists, the middle class turned into wage laborers with a standard of living barely above that of the laboring poor.
d)
The middle class left management positions in large private and public organizations, believing them to be beneath their dignity.
52.
As the nineteenth century progressed, the upper middle class
a)
tended to merge with the old aristocracy.
b)
formed tighter bonds with the rest of the middle class.
c)
retained its frugal attitudes.
d)
increasingly turned toward socialism.
53.
Why did middle-class families spend considerable portions of their income on food?
a)
The price of food skyrocketed as farm labor became more scarce.
b)
They had to feed not only their families but their large staff of servants and assistants.
c)
They developed a habit of purchasing expensive and exotic colonial products.
d)
They gave frequent, large dinner parties as their favored social activity.
54.
What did the middle class generally agree was the correct attitude toward behavior and morality?
a)
Always adhere to a strict moral code.
b)
Whatever is fashionable is acceptable.
c)
Those who fall into poverty or crime are not responsible for their circumstances.
d)
Morality is based on natural law, not on Christianity.
55.
What was one of the social functions of the labor aristocracy’s strict moral code?
a)
To create a strong barrier against socialist influences
b)
To maintain their unstable social and economic position
c)
To prevent their children from joining the supposedly morally corrupt middle classes
d)
To serve as an example to lower-paid, unskilled workers
56.
How did the urban working class change in the latter half of the nineteenth century?
a)
It increasingly formed a unified, coherent culture that became the basis of class unity.
b)
The sharp distinction between highly skilled artisans and unskilled manual workers broke down as semiskilled groups of workers became more prevalent.
c)
Skilled artisans increasingly joined the middle class, leaving the working class largely unskilled.
d)
The labor aristocracy disappeared as their positions were replaced by mechanized factory labor.
57.
How did the culture of sports change in the late nineteenth century?
a)
As the middle classes separated from the working classes, the working classes adopted more brutal sports such as bare-knuckle boxing.
b)
Sports became private activities between local clubs that resisted commercialization.
c)
Sports were taken over by elite society, which added costs that the poor could not afford.
d)
Cruel sports such as cockfighting declined, while commercialized spectator sports became popular.
58.
Why did illegitimacy rates decline after 1850?
a)
The higher incidence of marriage for expectant mothers
b)
Decreased premarital sexual activity
c)
The increased availability of contraception and abortion
d)
The increased influence of religion among the lower classes
59.
Which of the following describes late-nineteenth-century prostitution?
a)
It was strictly divided along class lines; wealthy men visited expensive courtesans, and poor women provided sexual services for working-class men.
b)
It was increasingly outlawed and suppressed across Europe as middle-class women pressed their ideas about morality on society.
c)
It was a stage of life for many poor young women, which they moved beyond as they established their own homes and families.
d)
While young men visited prostitutes, once men married, this action usually stopped abruptly in order to create family harmony.
60.
As a result of the idea of separate spheres, middle-class married women who sought to work outside the home
a)
found that they could not gain well-paying jobs, and their wages were less than men’s for the same work.
b)
gained a series of legal rights over their property and wages.
c)
were eligible for professional employment if they had the proper education.
d)
had easy access to childcare.
61.
How did the goals of middle-class feminists differ from those of socialist women?
a)
Middle-class women believed that women’s liberation required greater access to educational opportunities, while socialist women emphasized the need of women to support men on the barricades.
b)
Middle-class women supported the efforts to obtain economic rights for women, while socialist women fought for an expansion of the welfare state.
c)
Middle-class women fought for the right to vote, while socialist women argued that women’s liberation could only occur as part of a working-class revolution.
d)
Middle-class women endorsed the separate spheres theory in order to enhance women’s power in the home, while socialists emphasized the need to empower women in the workplace immediately.
62.
What benefits could a wife produce at home that could not be purchased in the market?
a)
Improved health, better eating habits, and better behavior
b)
Better clothing and household goods such as candles
c)
Improved emotional satisfaction and sexual fulfillment
d)
Better education for children and intellectual curiosity
63.
What caused the revolutionary reduction in the size of European families?
a)
The family’s desire to improve its economic and social position
b)
The effectiveness and availability of birth control
c)
The pursuit of careers outside the home by married women
d)
The epidemic of infertility related to environmental contamination.
64.
How did the nature of marriage change by the late nineteenth century?
a)
Men increasingly saw marriage as a social relationship that left them free to pursue companionships and romance elsewhere.
b)
Married couples managed their relationship as a business affair, which gave priority to money and financial calculation.
c)
Married couples increasingly developed stronger emotional ties and based marriage decisions on sentiment and sexual attraction.
d)
Women increasingly divorced husbands as new laws gave them greater rights over children and over the household finances.
65.
Which of the following caused marked changes in childrearing practices?
a)
Women had fewer children.
b)
Mothers increasingly depended on advice from their mothers and grandmothers owing to the lack of literature on childrearing.
c)
Women increasingly hired wet nurses to free them to care for other children.
d)
The number of illegitimate children abandoned at foundling hospitals increased.
66.
After years of scientific investigation and reflection, Charles Darwin concluded that
a)
each species of animal was a divine creation.
b)
all life had gradually evolved from a common ancestral origin.
c)
acquired characteristics could be passed on to one’s children.
d)
his ideas about biological evolution should be applied to human affairs.
67.
One of the most important scientific and technological developments in the nineteenth century saw a form of commercial energy useful in communications and manufacturing developed from
a)
coke
b)
coal
c)
oil
d)
electricity
68.
Max Weber, the most prominent and influential late-nineteenth-century sociologist, argued that the rise of capitalism was directly linked to
a)
Catholicism in southern Europe.
b)
the French Revolution.
c)
Protestantism in northern Europe.
d)
the Napoleonic Wars.
69.
Gustave Flaubert tells the story of a frustrated middle-class housewife who has a sordid and adulterous love affair in his masterpiece,
a)
Tess of the D'Urbervilles.
b)
Father Goriot.
c)
Germinal
d)
Madame Bovary.
70.
What was the core concept of Social Darwinism?
a)
The human race was driven by an unending economic struggle that would determine the survival of the fittest.
b)
Genetics provided the mechanism by which favorable characteristics are passed on to future generations.
c)
Darwin’s evolutionary theory could best be proved by a careful examination of the vast amount of numerical data collected by governments in recent decades.
d)
Gustav Le Bon was correct in asserting that strong, charismatic leaders could easily manipulate mass crowds.
71.
Realist writers fit within the late-nineteenth-century glorification of science because they
a)
generally made the heroes of their novels scientists.
b)
turned toward science fiction.
c)
denied the importance of emotion in determining human action.
d)
attempted to observe and record life in an objective manner.
72.
Why did social scientists develop statistical methods to test their theories?
a)
They believed that humans were reducible to numerical quantities.
b)
They sought to discover how average individuals functioned and ignore the below average or exceptional.
c)
They believed that numerical averages were superior to observation as a form of analysis.
d)
They sought to analyze the massive sets of numerical data that governments had collected.
73.
What was Count Leo Tolstoy’s central message in War and Peace?
a)
Human love, trust, and everyday family ties are life’s enduring values.
b)
Great men are able to bend history to their will.
c)
The idealistic young always surrender to feverish ambition and society’s pervasive greed.
d)
Ordinary men and women are doomed to be crushed by fate and bad luck.
74.
Utilitarianism was Jeremy Bentham’s idea that social policies should promote
a)
middle-class morality.
b)
the concept of survival of the fittest.
c)
the concept of separate spheres.
d)
the greatest good for the greatest number.
75.
In almost every advanced country around 1900, the wealthiest 20 percent of households received
a)
25 percent to 30 percent of all national income.
b)
30 percent to 40 percent of all national income.
c)
50 percent to 60 percent of all national income.
d)
80 percent of all national income.
76.
What was the clearest sign that a family was middle class?
a)
Having servants
b)
Eating well
c)
Going to the opera
d)
Traveling
77.
What was the Second Industrial Revolution?
a)
The extension of the textile and iron industries from Great Britain and Belgium to all parts of the Continent
b)
The burst of industrial creativity and technological innovation that promoted strong economic growth toward the end of the nineteenth century
c)
Ideas put forth by Karl Marx as to how industry would be organized after the successful proletarian revolution
d)
The emergence of the United States at the end of the nineteenth century as the main challenger to the industry leadership of Great Britain
78.
What set white-collar workers apart from other elements of the lower middle class?
a)
They earned far more than skilled or semiskilled workers.
b)
They were fiercely committed to the middle-class ideal of upward social mobility.
c)
They were almost all deeply religious.
d)
They were not only relatively well educated, but they also possessed complex technical skills.
79.
What was companionate marriage?
a)
Marriage for the sake of convenience
b)
Marriage for economic or social reasons
c)
Marriage based on romantic love and middle-class family values
d)
Marriage chosen by the parents of the couple
80.
What characterized the middle-class single-family home?
a)
A special drawing room used to entertain guests
b)
A music room, preferably one equipped with a grand piano
c)
A carriage house
d)
A separate wing for the servants’ quarters
81.
In his pioneering work of quantitative sociology, Suicide (1897), Emile Durkheim concluded that ever-higher suicide rates were caused by widespread feelings of
a)
envy of the upwardly mobile.
b)
rootlessness
c)
boredom with life.
d)
anxiety caused by the relentless pace of city life.
82.
The location of the Great Exhibition in 1851 in London; an architectural masterpiece made entirely of glass and iron.
a)
Crystal Palace
b)
St. Louis
c)
Paris
d)
Eiffle Tower
83.
Theory proposed by English economist David Ricardo suggesting that the pressure of population growth prevents wages from rising above the subsistence level.
a)
iron law of wages
b)
Combination Acts
c)
Mines Acts of 1842
d)
This is my Confession....
84.
Awareness of belonging to a distinct social and economic class whose interests might conflict with those of other classes.
a)
class-consciousness
b)
social awareness
c)
separate spheres
d)
I love APE
85.
A spinning machine created by Richard Arkwright that had a capacity of several hundred spindles and used waterpower; it therefore required a larger and more specialized mill—a factory.
a)
water frame
b)
water wheel
c)
spinning jenny
d)
flying shuttle
86.
British laws passed in 1799 that outlawed unions and strikes, favoring capitalist businesspeople over skilled artisans. Bitterly resented and widely disregarded by many craft guilds, the acts were repealed by Parliament in 1824.
a)
Combination Acts
b)
Mines Act of 1842
c)
Factory Acts
d)
iron law of wages
87.
A simple, inexpensive, hand-powered spinning machine created by James Hargreaves in 1765.
a)
spinning jenny
b)
water frame
c)
steam engines
d)
flying shuttle
88.
A simple, inexpensive, hand-powered spinning machine created by James Hargreaves in 1765.
a)
spinning jenny
b)
water frame
c)
steam engines
d)
flying shuttle
89.
A gender division of labor with the wife at home as mother and homemaker and the husband as wage earner
a)
separate spheres
b)
Combination Acts
c)
Factory Acts
d)
class-consciousness
90.
The name given to George Stephenson’s effective locomotive that was first tested in 1829 on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway at 24 miles per hour.
a)
Rocket
b)
Locomotive
c)
Starship
d)
I just love playing quizizz
91.
A breakthrough invention by Thomas Savery in 1698 and Thomas Newcomen in 1705 that burned coal to produce steam, which was then used to operate a pump; the early models were superseded by James Watt’s more efficient version, patented in 1769.
a)
steam engines
b)
water frame
c)
spinning jenny
d)
spinning mule
92.
Group of handicraft workers who attacked factories in northern England in 1811 and later, smashing the new machines that they believed were putting them out of work.
a)
Luddites
b)
Bourgeoisie
c)
Proletariat
d)
Jacobians
93.
A term first coined in 1799 to describe the burst of major inventions and economic expansion that began in Britain in the late eighteenth century.
a)
Industrial Revolution
b)
Second Industrial Revolution
c)
I don't have a clue
94.
English law prohibiting underground work for all women and girls as well as for boys under ten.
a)
Mines Act of 1842
b)
Combination Acts
c)
Factory Acts
95.
A government’s way of supporting and aiding its own economy by laying high taxes on imported goods from other countries, as when the French responded to cheaper British goods flooding their country by imposing high tariffs on some imported products.
a)
iron law of wages
b)
class-consciousness
c)
tariff protection
d)
labor aristocracy
96.
English laws passed from 1802 to 1833 that limited the workday of child laborers and set minimum hygiene and safety requirements.
a)
Factory Acts
b)
Mines Act of 1842
c)
Combination Acts
d)
none of these are correct choices
97.
A branch of physics built on Sir Isaac Newton’s laws of mechanics that investigated the relationship between heat and mechanical energy.
a)
thermodynamics
b)
evolution
c)
germ theory
d)
Thermadorian theory
98.
The idea of Jeremy Bentham that social policies should promote the “greatest good for the greatest number.”
a)
utilitarianism
b)
Social Darwinism
c)
thermodynamics
d)
Realism
99.
A literary movement that, in contrast to romanticism, stressed the depiction of life as it actually was.
a)
Realism
b)
utilitarianism
c)
romanticism
d)
none of these answers are even remotely correct. Mr. Keyes, what are you thinking
100.
The idea that disease was caused by the spread of living organisms that could be controlled.
a)
germ theory
b)
thermodynamics
c)
bacterial infections
d)
The Kissing disease
101.
The idea, applied by thinkers in many fields, that stresses gradual change and continuous adjustment.
a)
evolution
b)
Social Darwinism
c)
labor aristocracy
d)
companionate marriage
102.
The highly skilled workers, such as factory foremen and construction bosses, who made up about 15 percent of the working classes from about 1850 to 1914.
a)
labor aristocracy
b)
sweated industries
c)
Combination Acts
d)
Factory Acts
103.
The burst of industrial creativity and technological innovation that promoted strong economic growth in the last third of the nineteenth century.
a)
Second Industrial Revolution
b)
Industrial Revolution
c)
Crystal Palace
d)
This class is so much fun. I Love candy
104.
Poorly paid handicraft production, often carried out by married women paid by the piece and working at home.
a)
sweated industries
b)
labor aristocracy
c)
suffrage movement
d)
companionate marriage
105.
A body of thought that applied the theory of biological evolution to human affairs and saw the human race as driven by an unending economic struggle that would determine the survival of the fittest.
a)
evolution
b)
Realism
c)
companionate marriage
d)
Social Darwinism
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