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WorksheetsEarth Science Review (Units A, B, C, D, E)
Total questions: 43
Worksheet time: 3hrs 43mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which New York State city is located at 42°39’ N 73°45’ W? 紐約州的哪一個城市位於北緯 42 度 39 分西經 73 度 45 分？
a)
Buffalo 布法羅
b)
Ithaca 以色佳
c)
Plattsburgh 普拉茨
d)
Albany 亞伯尼
2.
What is a possible elevation of Point A? 點A的海拔可能是多少?
a)
575 meters
b)
600 meters
c)
655 meters
d)
710 meters
3.
In which general direction does Flint Creek flow? 弗林特溪流向哪個方向？
a)
south 南
b)
north 北
c)
west 西
d)
east 東
4.
What is the latitude and longitude of Point A? A點的經緯度是多少？
a)
50⁰E, 10⁰N
b)
10⁰N, 50⁰E
c)
50⁰, 10⁰
d)
50⁰N, 10⁰E
5.
Which statement correctly compares seismic P-waves with seismic S-waves? 哪一種說法正確地將地震P波與地震S波進行比較？
a)
P-waves travel slower than S-waves and do not pass through liquids zones
b)
P-waves travel slower than S-waves and do not pass through liquid zones
c)
P-waves travel faster than S-waves and can pass through liquid zones
d)
P-waves travel faster than S-waves and do not pass through liquid zones
6.
What is a possible elevation, in meters, of Point X?
a)
55 m
b)
68 m
c)
57 m
d)
70 m
7.
Which cross section best represents the magnetic field pattern on the other side (west side) of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge? 哪一個圓錐體最能代表大西洋中脊的另一側（西側）的磁場模式？
a)
1
b)
3
c)
2
d)
4
8.
Which tectonic plate boundary is best represented by this diagram? 哪個板塊邊界最能代表這張圖？
a)
Scotia plate and South American plate
b)
Juan de Fuca plate and North American plate
c)
Nazca plate and Pacific plate
d)
Antarctic plate and Sandwich plate
9.
Which cross section shows the correct convection cells that could be found underneath the Mid-Atlantic Ridge? 哪一個顯示在大西洋中脊以下可以找到正確的對流單元？
a)
1
b)
3
c)
2
d)
4
10.
The boundary between which two tectonic plates is most similar geologically to the plate boundary at the Marianna Trench? 兩塊構造板之間的板塊邊界在地質上與瑪麗安娜海溝的板塊邊界最為相似？
a)
North American and Pacific Plate
b)
Pacific plate and Indian-Australian plate
c)
Pacific Plate and Antarctic plate
d)
North American and Eurasian plate
11.
Active volcanoes are most likely found near 活火山很可能在附近找到哪裡
a)
edge of tectonic plate boundaries
b)
eastern part of continents
c)
tropical lines of latitude
d)
equator
12.
Why does the oceanic crust sink beneath the continental crust at a subduction zone? 為什麼洋殼在俯衝帶下沉到大陸地殼下？
a)
The oceanic crust is pulled downward by Earth's magnetic field
b)
The oceanic crust has a greater density
c)
The continental crust is pulled upward by the Moon's gravity
d)
The continental crust is made of basalt
13.
In which Earth layer does convection occur? 對流發生在地球的什麼層面
a)
crust 地殼
b)
asthenosphere 軟流圈
c)
inner core 內核
d)
outer core 外核
14.
The first S-wave arrived at a seismograph station 11 minutes after an earthquake occurred. How long after the arrival of the first P-wave did this first S-wave arrive?
a)
3 min 15 sec
b)
6 min 5 sec
c)
4 min 55 sec
d)
9 min 00 sec
15.
What is our oceanic crust made of? 我們的洋殼是由什麼構成的？
a)
granite 花崗岩
b)
basalt 玄武岩
c)
quartz 石英
d)
pyrite 黃鐵礦
16.
Which mineral has a metallic luster? 哪種礦物具有金屬光澤？
a)
hematite 赤鐵礦
b)
graphite 石墨
c)
sulfur 硫
d)
halite 岩鹽
17.
What direction is Blue River flowing?
a)
North 北
b)
East 東
c)
South 南
d)
West 西
18.
Which rock was subjected to intense heat and pressure but did not solidify from magma? 哪種岩石會承受高溫和高壓但卻不會從岩漿 凝固？
a)
sandstone 沙岩
b)
schist片岩
c)
gabbro 輝長岩
d)
rhyolite 流紋岩
19.
Which rock layer formed from the deposition of land-derived sediments that had a uniform particle size of about 0.01 cm in diameter? 哪種岩層是由顆粒大小均為直徑約 0.01 公分的陸地沉積物沉積而成的？
a)
brown siltstone 褐色粉砂岩
b)
gray conglomerate 灰色礫岩
c)
black shale 黑色頁岩
d)
red sandstone 紅色沙岩
20.
Identify two processes that formed this rock 指出形成這種岩石的兩個過程。
a)
weathering and erosion 風化和侵蝕
b)
compaction and cementation 壓實和膠結
c)
melting, cooling and solidification of magma 熔化，冷卻，凝固地下岩漿
d)
intense heat and pressure 強烈的熱量和壓力
21.
Which statement is true about this rock? 關於這塊岩石，哪個說法是正確的？
a)
cooled quickly, extrusively
b)
cooled slowly, intrusively
c)
compacted and cemented particles 壓實和膠結顆粒
d)
heat and pressure created a glassy texture 熱量和壓力創造了玻璃質感
22.
Which statement is true about this fragmental rock? 關於這塊岩石，哪個說法是正確的？
a)
bioclastic texture 生物碎屑
b)
clastic texture 碎屑
c)
coarse interlocking mineral crystals (like puzzle pieces) 粗連鎖礦物晶體（如拼圖）
d)
distorted foliated banding 扭曲的條帶
23.
Which statement is true about this rock? 關於這塊岩石，哪個說法是正確的？
a)
vesicular texture 氣孔
b)
coarse interlocking mineral crystals (like puzzle pieces) 粗連鎖礦物晶體（如拼圖）
c)
bioclastic texture 生物碎屑
d)
distorted foliated banding 扭曲的條帶
24.
What's the difference between a fine grained and coarse grained igneous rock? 小顆粒和大顆粒火成岩之間有什麼區別？
a)
Coarse grained cooled quickly
b)
Coarse grained cooled slowly
c)
Fine grained cooled slowly
d)
Fine grained didn't cool at all
25.
The diagrams below show the crystal shapes of two minerals. Quartz and halite have different crystal shapes primarily because 礦物石英和石鹽具有不同的晶體形狀，主要是因為
a)
of their luster 光澤
b)
of the internal atomic arrangement of atoms 原子的內部原子排列
c)
they have been oxidized (exposed to oxygen) 他們已經被氧化了
d)
of their color 他們的顏色
26.
Which mineral property is best illustrated by the broken mineral samples? 哪一個樣本礦物特性是最好的說明？
a)
hardness 硬度
b)
streak 條紋
c)
cleavage 解理
d)
density 密
27.
Compared to felsic igneous rocks, mafic igneous rocks contain greater amounts of 相較於長英質岩火成岩，鎂鐵質火成岩含有更大量的
a)
aluminum
b)
pink feldspar
c)
iron
d)
white quartz
28.
The formation of soil is primarily the result of 土壤的形成主要是什麼的結果？
a)
weathering and biological activity 風化和生物活動
b)
precipitation (rain, etc.) and wind erosion 降水和風蝕
c)
stream deposition and runoff 河流沉積和徑流
d)
stream erosion and mass movement 河流侵蝕和塊體移動
29.
Humus 腐殖質, which is formed by the decay of plant and animal matter 植物和動物物質衰變, is important 重要 for the formation 編隊 of most
a)
animals 動物
b)
soil 泥
c)
rocks 岩石
d)
minerals 礦物質
30.
Four quartz samples of equal size and shape were placed in a stream. Which of the four quartz samples below has most likely been transported farthest in the stream? 把四個大小相等和形狀相同的石英樣本放入溪流中。以下四個石英樣本中，哪個最可能被流水沖得最遠？
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
31.
The photograph below shows a U-shaped valley. Which agent of erosion most likely produced this valley’s shape? 下面的照片顯示了一個山谷。這個山谷的形狀最可能是由哪一種侵蝕營力所形成？
a)
blowing wind 吹動的風
b)
ocean waves 海浪
c)
moving ice 移動的冰
d)
running wat er流動的水
32.
How was this erosional feature created? 這個侵蝕特徵是如何創建的？
a)
running water 流動的水
b)
moving ice 移動的冰
c)
wave action 波浪活動
d)
mass movement 物質移動
33.
How was this erosional feature created? 這個侵蝕特徵是如何創建的？
a)
wind 風
b)
streams 溪流
c)
glacial ice 冰川
d)
wave action 波浪活動
34.
satellite photograph below shows the Mississippi River entering into the Gulf of Mexico. Arrows show the direction of river flow. This depositional feature in the Gulf of Mexico is best identified as 下面的衛星照片顯示密西西比河流進墨西哥灣。 箭頭顯示河流的流向。墨西哥灣的沉積特徵最準確的名稱是
a)
a delta 三角洲
b)
a sandbar 河壩
c)
a barrier island 屏障式島嶼
d)
an outwash plain 沉積平原
35.
Which cross section best represents the valley shape where a rapidly flowing stream is cutting into the bedrock in a mountainous area? 哪一個截面圖最能代表急流侵蝕山區的底岩 而形成的河谷形狀？
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
36.
Volcanic ash layers are similar to index fossils because they 火山灰層與指數化石相似，因為
a)
occur at regular time intervals 以固定的時間間隔發生
b)
spread over a large area in a short amount of time 在短時間內散播至很大面積
c)
is easily weathered and eroded容易被風化和侵蝕
d)
contain magma intrusions 包含岩漿侵入
37.
What percentage of rubidium-87 atoms will be left after four half-lives? 四個半衰期後還會剩餘百分之多少的銣-87 原子？
a)
6.25%
b)
50%
c)
25%
d)
12.5%
38.
Which rock layer is the youngest? 哪一個岩層最年輕？
a)
sandstone in outcrop 1 岩石露頭 1 中的沙岩
b)
breccia in outcrop 2 岩石露頭 2 中的角礫岩
c)
conglomerate in outcrop 3 岩石露頭 3 中的礫岩
d)
sandstone in outcrop 4 岩石露頭 4 中的沙岩
39.
Identify one geologic process that occurred in this region that produced the unconformity in this outcrop. 指出發生在這個地區，產生了這個岩石露頭内不整合處的一個地質過程。
a)
erosion and depositon of a new layer 侵蝕和沈積
b)
metamorphism of rocks 岩石變質
c)
tilting of rock layers 傾斜的岩層
d)
volcanic eruptions 火山噴發
40.
When the rock layers in the three outcrops are correlated, the oldest layer is the 如果這三種露頭中的岩石層是相關的，其中最古老的岩石層是
a)
shale layer in outcrop I
b)
siltstone layer in outcrop II
c)
limestone layer in outcrop III
d)
conglomerate layer in outcrop III
41.
Which fossil could be classified as an index fossil? 哪一塊化石可被歸類為指示化石？
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
42.
Describe when the fault most likely occurred 這個斷層最有可能發生在什麼之後
a)
all layers were formed after the fault 所有層都是在斷層線後形成的
b)
the fault occurred before the unconformity 地質斷層發生在不整合面之前
c)
fault occurred before Sandstone Layer A 斷層發生在砂岩層之前
d)
Fault formed after layer D D層後形成地質斷層
43.
Why can't the isotope C-14 be used to date fossils from the Paleozoic Era? 為什麼同位素碳-14不能用於古生代化石？
a)
C-14's half-life is too short to date older fossils 半衰期太短，以至於較老的化石
b)
C-14's decay product is N-14 衰變產物是氮-14
c)
C-14 is only used for igneous rocks only used for igneous rocks
d)
C-14 doesn't have the correct atomic arrangement 沒有正確的原子排列
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