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Agronomy 2012 Test

Total questions: 69

Worksheet time: 17hrs 1mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

If a plant can exclude or overcome a disease it is considered

a)

resistance

b)

tolerant

c)

diverse

d)

susceptible

2.

Conditions which favor volatile losses of nitrogen as ammonia include?

a)

no wind

b)

high soil CEC

c)

low soil pH

d)

high temperature

3.

Low water holding is a characteristic of what type soil?

a)

clay soil

b)

sandy soil

c)

silt soil

4.

Requires labeling by law

a)

certified seed

b)

treated seed

c)

Foundation seed

d)

breeder seed

5.

Genetically modified plants contain

a)

altered genes from the same species

b)

untransformed genes

c)

genes from another organism

d)

all choices are correct

6.

Mixture of pore spaces is a characteristic of what type soil?

a)

sandy soil

b)

silt soil

c)

clay soil

7.

Which of the following factors does not affect wind erosion?

a)

slope length

b)

soil texture

c)

vegetation

d)

surface roughness

8.

________ is when a plant produces a chemical toxin that impairs the growth of a different plant.

a)

antibiosis

b)

autotoxicity

c)

allelopathy

d)

symbiosis

9.

When a hay sample is analyzed in the lab for forage quality only three values are measured (other than Ca, Mg, P, and K). The other quality factors are then calculated using those three. Which are the three that are actually measured?

a)

NDF, Crude Protein, TDN

b)

ADF, NDF, TDN

c)

ADF, NDF, Crude Protein

d)

NDF, Crude Protein, Relative Feed Value

10.

Which of the soil textures listed below has the highest porosity and lowest bulk density?

a)

sandy loam

b)

clay

c)

loamy sand

d)

silt loam

11.

Which of the following factors allow a pest to overcome host plant resistance?

a)

good fertility

b)

narrow pest gene pool

c)

pest genetic diversity

d)

timely planting

12.

Which of the following does NOT encourage pesticide resistance to develop?

a)

repeated use of high pesticide rates

b)

repeated use of a single pesticide

c)

alternating pesticides with different modes of action

d)

repeated use of pesticides with the same mode of action

13.

Nutrients passing through quickly is a characteristic of

a)

sandy soil

b)

clay soil

c)

silt soil

14.

Cations are held on the CEC by charges on clay and organic matter.

a)

postitive

b)

gravitational

c)

neautral

d)

negative

15.

Other than providing water to meet the crops needs why are rice fields flooded?

a)

to increase the availability of nutrients

b)

to provide water for mosquito reproduction which is needed for proper pollination

c)

to set up anaerobic conditions

d)

to control weeds

16.

At what growth stage is corn most vulnerable to hail damage?

a)

12 leaf

b)

emergence

c)

6 leaf

d)

planting

e)

pollination

17.

If you were a soybean breeder and wanted to go to its country of origin in order to find resistance to rust where would you go?

a)

China

b)

Europe

c)

Brazil

d)

Iowa

18.

Most dicots have what type of germination and emergence?

a)

epigeal

b)

epicotyl

c)

hypogeal

d)

hypocotyl

19.

Why is cotton not produced in the northern climates?

a)

laws regulating cotton production to south of the Mason-Dixon line

b)

diseases that infect cotton overwinter in corn stubble

c)

cotton requires a long frost-free period

d)

boll-weevils are more prevalent in the northern climates

20.

Why is sweet corn sweet?

a)

because the starch is broken down more rapidly

b)

because the sugar that is produced is not converted to starch

c)

because it is a defense mechanism against ear worms

d)

because it is a hybrid

21.

If you planted a soybean variety in extreme northern Missouri in May that was suited for extreme southeast Missouri what would happen?

a)

it would stay green until frost

b)

it would mature a few weeks later

c)

it would mature a few weeks earlier

d)

it would never come up

22.

The parent line for registered or certified seed is called:

a)

breeder seed

b)

treated seed

c)

Foundation seed

d)

certified seed

23.

Which of the following textural classes has the largest potential available water?

a)

silt loam

b)

sandy loam

c)

silty clay loam

d)

clay

24.

What is the Carrying Capacity of a grazing system?

a)

the amount of weight allowed on the pastures

b)

the amount of weight allowed on the pastures

c)

the total amount of forage dry matter produced annually

d)

the stock rate that is economically and environmentally sustainable for a particular grazing unit throughout the grazing season

25.

There are _______ sections in a township.

a)

18

b)

36

c)

24

d)

64

26.

Which of the following increases as a soil’s clay content increases?

a)

pore size

b)

particle size

c)

bulk density

d)

surface area

27.

PM has a main goal of________pesticide use.

a)

favoring

b)

decreasing

c)

not changing

d)

increasing

28.

Denitrification is the conversion of to gaseous form like dinitrogen and oxides of nitrogen.

a)

nitrate

b)

nitrite

c)

ammonia

d)

ammonium

29.

The maximum value for plant available water is ?

a)

the difference between field capacity and wilting points

b)

different in different climates

c)

smallest in soils with small pores

d)

greatest in soils with large pores

30.

If you subtract what from NDF you get the amount of hemicellulose.

a)

relative feed value

b)

ADF

c)

TDN

d)

NDF

31.

Which type of wheat is predominately grown in Missouri?

a)

Hard red spring

b)

Soft red winter

c)

Soft red summer

d)

Hard red winter

32.

What is a legume?

a)

plants that complete their life cycle over two growing years

b)

a type of corn

c)

a family of plants whose seeds are formed in fruits called pods

d)

the area of a plant where the leaf meets the stem

33.

Where would you normally plant a maturity Group 2 soybean variety?

a)

Central Missouri

b)

Southern Missouri

c)

North Missouri

34.

Orchardgrass should exhibit _____________________ when the appropriate harvest time arrives.

a)

blooms emerge

b)

Late boot stage

c)

Seed heads emerged

d)

Bud to 1/10th bloom

e)

1/4 to 1/2 bloom

35.

The University of Missouri Soil Testing Lab measures the salt pH of the soil. If a soil has a salt pH of 5.5 what would you expect the water pH to be?

a)

6.0

b)

5.0

c)

4.5

d)

5.5

36.

This warm season grass is often called “Ice Cream” grass since it is high in nutrition and palatability. It is also highly productive but prefers loamy soils with adequate moisture.

a)

Bermudagrass

b)

Big Bluestem

c)

Little Bluestem

d)

Eastern Gamma grass

37.

What is the most productive forage legume?

a)

alfalfa

b)

red clover

c)

birdsfoot trefoil

d)

tall fescue

38.

Reed Canarygrass should exhibit _____________________ when the appropriate harvest time arrives.

a)

Bud to 1/10th bloom

b)

1/4 to 1/2 bloom

c)

Seed heads emerged

d)

Late boot stage

39.

Soil organic matter is a source of ________for crops.

a)

iron

b)

calcium

c)

potassium

d)

nitrogen

40.

What crops are examples of monocots?

a)

pearl millet

b)

grain sorghum

c)

corn

d)

all of the choices

41.

If substantial ammonia is lost after application of UAN, a inhibitor might reduce this loss

a)

denitrification

b)

urease

c)

nitrification

d)

leaching

42.

Which of the following is an advantage of a crop rotation over a monoculture system?

a)

higher level of management required

b)

risk spread across more than one commodity

c)

timing fertilizer and pesticide application easier

d)

less equipment usually needed

43.

Which elements do plants obtain from the air?

a)

C, Mg, K

b)

C, H, O

c)

C, H, N

d)

K, P, Ca

44.

Alfalfa should exhibit _____________________ when the appropriate harvest time arrives.

a)

Bud to 1/10th bloom

b)

¼ to ½ bloom

c)

Late boot stage

d)

Seed heads emerged

45.

What does physiological damage to plants by insects refer to?

a)

damaging the root structure of the plant

b)

entering into the inside of the stem and eating the tissue

c)

disrupting the internal natural processes of the plant

d)

damaging the leaves of the plant

46.

With everything else being equal which soil conditions cause the deepest soil compaction?

a)

dry soil

b)

soil moisture has no effect on compaction

c)

moist soil

d)

wet soil

47.

What would be a good final corn population (plants/acre)?

a)

30,000

b)

60,000

c)

15,000

d)

120,000

48.

Smooth Bromegrass should exhibit _____________________ when the appropriate harvest time arrives.

a)

Seed heads emerged

b)

Late boot stage

c)

Bud to 1/10th bloom

d)

1/4 to 1/2 bloom

49.

What is not one of the factors that affect forage quality at harvest?

a)

moisture content

b)

growth stage

c)

climatic losses

d)

mechanical losses

e)

all these are factors that affect quality at harvest

50.

Wheat planting should be delayed after the “fly–free” (Hessian fly) date that ranges from ____ at the Iowa line to ______ at the Arkansas line.

a)

Sept 28 and Oct 17

b)

Oct 8 and Sept 14

c)

Sept 10 and Oct 10

d)

Oct 1 and Sept 1

51.

If a soil test calls for 1200 ENM per acre and the ENM of the lime is 400, how many tons of lime should be applied?

a)

4 tons

b)

2 tons

c)

1/2 ton

d)

3 tons

52.

A product with a LD50 of 35 mg/kg is ________ toxic than another with a LD50 of 250 mg/kg?

a)

more

b)

equally

c)

less

53.

Which of the following clays contributes most to CEC if the same amount of each clay is present?

a)

illite

b)

hydroxyapatite

c)

kalolinite

d)

montmorillonite

54.

Red Clover should exhibit _____________________ when the appropriate harvest time arrives.

a)

Late boot stage

b)

1/4 to 1/2 bloom

c)

Seed heads emerged

d)

Bud to 1/10th bloom

55.

In order to increase soil organic matter level, _______must be markedly reduced or eliminated.

a)

use of legumes

b)

fertilization

c)

weed control

d)

tillage

56.

If you were going to plant soybeans no-till in cold soils how would you adjust soybean planting rate per acre?

a)

decrease seeding rate by 40%

b)

increase seeding rate by 40%

c)

decrease seeding rate by 10%

d)

increase seeding rate by 10%

57.

Greenbugs, Midge, and Webworms are major pests to which crop?

a)

soybeans

b)

wheat

c)

corn

d)

grain sorghum

58.

As forage harvest is delayed what would you expect to happen to forage quality?

a)

NDF, ADF, and ADL would decrease

b)

NDF and ADF would increase but ADL would decrease

c)

NDF and ADF would decrease but ADL would increase

d)

NDF, ADF, and ADL would increase

59.

Which nutrient is commonly used to regulate the pH of the soil?

a)

phosphorus

b)

nitrogen

c)

potassium

d)

calcium

60.

If alfalfa is the most productive legume why isn’t it grown more widely?

a)

it doesn’t thrive on acid or non fertile soil

b)

it is subject to winter kill

c)

all of the choices

d)

the seed is expensive

61.

If a forage has a Nitrogen concentration of 2% what then is the Crude Protein concentration?

a)

12.5%

b)

Nitrogen has nothing to do with crude protein

c)

6.25%

d)

2%

62.

What is/are a major problem(s) in using sweet clover for forage?

a)

all of these

b)

poor recovery after cutting

c)

less palatable due to coumarin content

d)

spoiled hay can cause “bleeding disease”

63.

Timothy should exhibit _____________________ when the appropriate harvest time arrives.

a)

Bud to 1/10th bloom

b)

1/4 to 1/2 bloom

c)

Seed heads emerged

d)

Late boot stage

64.

Seed used to produce foundation seed is called:

a)

treated seed

b)

Foundation seed

c)

certified seed

d)

breeder seed

65.

______ leaf tips indicate phosphorus deficiencies and occur more often in young plants exposed to good growing conditions after cool, wet conditions.

a)

pale green

b)

dark green

c)

yellow

d)

purple

66.

Since I am using glyphosate resistant corn I have decided to wait until five weeks after the weeds and corn have emerged to control them. What would be the result on corn yield?

a)

5-10 higher bushels/acre

b)

5-10 less bushels/acre

c)

no yield affect

d)

10-20 less bushels/acre

67.

Which one of these cereal crops is commonly planted in the spring?

a)

rye

b)

barley

c)

winter wheat

d)

oats

68.

If P based recommendations are used for manure applications ?

a)

less land will be needed for manure application

b)

supplemental N will be needed for the crop

c)

soil test P will always decrease

d)

water quality will deteriorate

69.

What is not a characteristic of an organic fertilizer compared to a chemical fertilizer?

a)

nutrients released slowly

b)

great source of live bacteria

c)

high concentration of major nutrients

d)

bulky