Who is Angela Davis?

Trayvon Martin was killed by ________________

1/3 of African-American males will...

significantly increases the prison sentences of persons convicted of a felony who have been previously convicted of two or more violent crimes or serious felonies, and limits the ability of these offenders to receive a punishment other than a life sentence

A bill passed in 1994 by Bill Clinton for crime control; it included the "three strikes" law, an expansion of death penalty-eligible offenses, and money to hire 100,000 new law enforcement officers

After the 13th Amendments were passed, this white supremacist terrorist group was created.

What is the loophole in the 13th Amendment?

What phrase during the 1980s/90s did the media create to portray a negative image of African American criminals?

How did the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960's help influence the image of the "protestor/criminal"?

How did economics play a role in the rise of prisons and prison-related labor in the US after the American Civil War?

How did "Birth of a Nation" help shape the stereotype of "black criminality?

The 1994 crime bill proposed by Bill Clinton addressed (Click ALL which apply)

According to the film was is the greatest tool at provoking change in society?

What groups make up "ALEC" and how has it influenced legislation in our country?

What word throughout the film was used to describe African American people?

Why is media the greatest tool for provoking change in society?

What political party is part of ALEC

What did former President Bill Clinton apologize for?

Why is the US responsible for having the highest rate of prisoners in the world?

What did the 13th Amendment do?

What did Jim Crow laws enforce?

What did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 accomplish?

_____% of elected prosecutors in the U.S. are white

Which topic below best relates to the statement:

Immediately after the abolishment of slavery in the US, racist legislation and practices were put in place as systems of racial control and profiteering. When the Civil War ended, the former Confederate States were economically crippled because their main source of wealth, slaves, were not available anymore to be used for moneymaking. However, the 13th Amendment had a provision that could reintroduce slavery legally, and this loophole was exploited to the maximum. In the South, minor offenses were criminalized, and the majority of freed slaves were arrested on trumped-up charges. Given that the victims of this conniving strategy were unemployed, they could not pay the associated fines, and thus they became legal slaves under the new law.

Convict leasing created the need for free labor because private entities, such as corporations and plantations, would contract services of prisoners without paying anything apart from feeding, clothing, and housing the workers. The institutionalization of slavery under the 13th Amendment was a motivation for the criminalization of more behaviors. The Jim Crow era followed closely, and it created more legal grounds for the incarceration of minority groups. This approach to mass incarceration has evolved with time, and currently, it focuses on the war on drugs. Ultimately, slavery returned to the US, but this time, it was legal and thus last.

Which topic below best relates to the statement:

Under the discrimination continuum studied in class, policies contribute significantly to different forms of discrimination. Additionally, under direct discrimination, the severity of the sentence for a crime is based on race, ethnicity, or gender. In the documentary, the 13th Amendment discriminated against blacks albeit subtly. For instance, people convicted of minor offenses without the capacity to pay the associated fines would be imprisoned and work as slaves. Freed slaves were highly likely to commit minor offenses, and they did not have the means to pay for the fines. In addition, under the Jim Crow legislation, blacks were segregated, and they would be jailed for crossing certain lines. The laws that were being used during this period were discriminatory in nature, and thus blacks were affected disproportionately.

According to the video, blacks are more likely to receive harsher sentences as compared to whites for drug offenses, which is a form of subtle discrimination. In other words, any form of discrimination happens when justice is not applied evenly, which has been the case of sentencing offenders in the United States. According to the documentary, the loophole in the13th Amendment was created deliberately to discriminate against freed slaves. In the documentary, President Clinton is shown taking a hard stance on the war against drugs by signing into law harsh penalties on such crimes. This approach to the war against drugs is similar to that applied by President Reagan as studied in class. As such, the topics studied in the class carry almost the same themes as those highlighted in the documentary.

Which topic below best relates to the statement:

According to the video, the war on drugs started in 1784 under the guidance of Dr. Benjamin Rush, and it continues in modern-day America. However, some of the approaches that have been used to fight drug abuse and usage intersect with the contents of the documentary 13th. The laws that are applied to criminalize the use of drugs meant that blacks would be affected disproportionately. According to the class notes, the war on drugs is the main source of racial disproportionality, along with the belief that incarceration is the correct penalty for drug offenses. Similarly, the 13th Amendment ensured that blacks, as freed slaves, would be highly affected by the provision to imprison people for minor offenses. Additionally, in the documentary, blacks are likely to be incarcerated because they are segregated.

Without proper means and systems of creating wealth, they are bound to break the rules and commit punishable offenses. In other words, the law is punitive, and it does not focus on creating an environment for blacks to thrive. Similarly, in the war against drugs, President Reagan welcomed an era of punitive drug law enforcement. While the federal budget for law enforcement increased significantly, that of drug treatment and research decreased. Therefore, drug offenders are imprisoned without receiving proper healthcare help to address the problem. Once freed, such offenders are likely to be rearrested for the same offenses, thus making it a vicious cycle that punishes blacks just as the 13th Amendment legalized slavery.

Which topic below best relates to the statement:

Corporate interests as key determinants of prison populations infiltrated the system under the convict leasing provision. As mentioned earlier, private entities, including plantations and corporations, would contract services of prisoners at minimal costs. Given that the former Confederate States of America had to rebuild the decimated economy after the Civil War, the demand for free labor from prisoners was high, hence the need to imprison more freed slaves. Besides, after the abolishment of slavery, black people have continuously fought the system that dehumanizes them through legal provisions. However, the more they fight, the more the system responds violently through mass incarcerations.

Therefore, the demand to have private-run prisons was created out of this scenario. Such correctional institutions are run with the aim of profiteering, and thus the involved parties formed the controversial American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC). According to the documentary, corporations sponsor this body to convince legislators about the need for having laws that create more prisoners. Currently, over 25 percent of US legislators have ties to ALEC. Some legislators have even introduced bills with ALEC branding to be passed as laws. As such, corporations under the guise of ALEC determine the number of people that should be imprisoned by influencing policymaking.

Answer:

Clause of being a criminal in the 13th amendment, and the birth of nations criminalize it

Which of the following questions apply:

Answer:

10 years-pull out gun ,20 years - if you fire , 25 years-life if you shoot someone.

Which of the following questions apply:

Answer:

Fred Hampton was the head of the Chicago Black Panthers and he was killed because he was a threat to the racial equilibrium. Hired to teach at the University of California, Los Angeles, Angela Davis ran into trouble with the school's administration because of her association with communism. They fired her, but she fought them in court and got her job back.

Which of the following questions apply:

Answer:

American legislative exchange counsel, corporate companies they help to support politicians and push their agendas on legislation to them.

Which of the following questions apply:

Answer:

Charged with stealing a backpack and went to jail then he committed suicide because the trauma.

Which of the following questions apply:

Answer:

Charged with stealing a backpack and went to jail then he committed suicide because the trauma.

Which of the following questions apply:

Answer:

Police brutality is the face of racial hierarchy and mass incarceration is the body.

Which of the following questions apply:

The ____th amendment designated that it was unconstitutional to be held as a slave, with the exception of _____________.

The following laws contributed to the growing incarceration rate from the 1970s to the 2000s:

What law prevented the arrest, prosecution, and conviction of George Zimmerman for the killing of Trayvon Martin?