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WorksheetsEnd of Year Exam
Total questions: 105
Worksheet time: 53mins
Which of the following is an example of a balanced force?
a baby pushed in a stroller on a sidewalk
a child running down a path
a car traveling on a highway
a porch swing hanging from the porch roof
Which of the following results in a helpful increase of friction?
sandpaper used to smooth wood
wax applied to wooden skis
sand applied to a slick sidewalk
ball bearings added to skate wheels
Which of the following results in a helpful decrease of friction?
force applied while scrubbing
oil added to a car engine
sand applied to an icy road surface
deep tread added to snow tires
Which of the following are two factors that determine speed?
acceleration and time
velocity and time
distance and time
motion and time
Which of the following explains the difference between speed and velocity?
One has motion, and the other does not.
One has direction, and the other does not.
One involves time, and the other does not.
One involves acceleration, and the other does not.
Which of the following choices best represents force?
a push or a pull always causing motion
a push or a pull always causing acceleration
a push or a pull acting without an object
a push or a pull acting on an object
When the net forces equal 0 N, they are which of the following?
balanced
unbalanced
a push
a pull
Which of the following always causes change in speed, direction, or both?
balanced forces
unbalanced forces
either balanced or unbalanced forces
any combination of forces
Which of the following causes an object to start moving?
balanced forces
unbalanced forces
either balanced or unbalanced forces
any combination of forces
What is a force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact?
friction
motion
velocity
acceleration
Which are the two factors that determine the amount of friction?
the force and the roughness of the surfaces
hills and valleys and the roughness of the surfaces
the force and how much surfaces come in contact
the force and the weight exerted on the surfaces
In which of the following activities is friction helpful?
engine parts wearing out
car tires moving a car forward
soil erosion
holes developing in your socks
In which of the following activities is friction harmful?
brakes stopping a car
a person walking
an eraser erasing
car engine parts wearing out
Which is does NOT reduce friction?
using ball bearings
sanding with paper
pouring sand on ice
lubricating with oil
As the distance between two objects increases, the force of gravity between them
decreases.
does not change.
increases only slightly.
increases greatly.
Which of the following does NOT describe mass?
remains constant
is a measure of matter
is a measure of gravitational force
is measured in kilograms
Which of the following does NOT describe weight?
changes as gravitational force changes
is constant
is a measure of gravitational force
can be measured in newtons
To calculate an object’s acceleration, you need to know
distance traveled and speed.
starting point, endpoint, and the object’s mass.
starting velocity, final velocity, and time it takes to change velocity.
average speed and distance.
Mass is
different on the moon than on Earth.
a measure of gravitational force.
a measure of the amount of matter.
measured in newtons.
When a mover puts furniture on a dolly with wheels, which type of friction is the mover using to make his job easier?
static friction
sliding kinetic friction
rolling kinetic friction
gravitational friction
A hiker’s velocity begins at 1.8 m/s uphill and changes to 1.5 m/s uphill. How do you know that the hiker has a negative acceleration?
His direction changed.
His direction was unchanged.
His speed increased.
His speed decreased.
A student has a weight of 420 N on Earth. What is the student’s weight on the moon. (Moon’s gravity = 1/6 of Earth’s gravity).
70 N
2520 N
70 kg
2520 kg
An unbalanced force can cause an object’s motion to change by
changing direction or speed; starting but not stopping motion
changing direction or speed, starting or stopping motion.
changing direction or speed; stopping but not starting motion
changing direction or speed only.
The law of universal gravitation says that gravitational force is
related to mass and distance.
related to weight and distance.
related to mass and friction.
related to weight and friction.
The force of gravity is greater between two objects that
have greater masses.
have rougher surfaces.
are farther apart.
are moving at greater speed.
Two forces act on an object. One force has a magnitude of 10 N and is directed toward the north. The other has a magnitude of 5 N directed toward the south. The object experiences a net force of
5 N south.
15 N north.
50 N north.
5 N north.
What would you call a building if you compared it with a moving student?
a reference point
a compass
a ruler
a beacon
What is the SI unit for speed?
kilogram
newton
m/s
m/s/s
Which is true about the reaction force of a chair you are sitting on?
The force is greater than your weight.
The force is equal to your weight.
The force is determined by many factors.
The force varies.
Which is a common unbalanced force acting on objects in motion?
inertia
acceleration
friction
speed
When a train increases its velocity, its momentum
decreases.
remains unchanged.
increases.
is transferred to it surroundings.
A car with a mass of 1400 kg moves along the ice with a constant velocity of 18.0 m/s. What is the car’s momentum?
77.8 N
25,200 N
77.8 kg • m/s
25,200 kg • m/s
When a bowling ball collides with a bowling pin, the momentum of the ball
increases slightly as the velocity of the pin increases.
decreases slightly as the velocity of the pin increases.
decreases slightly as the velocity of the pin decreases.
does not change at all.
If a moving boxcar gently collides with a boxcar at rest and the two boxcars move together, their combined momentum will be
greater than the original momentum of the moving boxcar.
equal to the original momentum of the moving boxcar.
less than the original momentum of the moving boxcar.
zero.
If an action force is a cue ball hitting a billiard ball, then the reaction force is
exerted on the table.
exerted on all the other billiard balls.
not present.
exerted by the billiard ball on the cue ball.
If a tennis ball, a solid rubber ball, and a solid steel ball were dropped at the same time from the same height, which would hit the ground first? (Assume there is no air resistance.)
All would hit at the same time.
The solid rubber ball would hit first.
The solid steel ball would hit first.
The tennis ball would hit first.
Which of the following objects has the least acceleration?
an empty shopping cart pushed with a hard force
a full shopping cart pushed with a hard force
an empty shopping cart pushed with a light force
a full shopping cart pushed with a light force
A crumpled piece of paper hits the ground before a flat sheet of paper because
the acceleration of gravity is greater on the crumpled paper.
there is more air resistance against the flat paper.
the crumpled paper is more massive.
the crumpled paper is less massive.
Orbital motion is a combination of forward motion and
frictional resistance.
free fall.
horizontal acceleration.
weightlessness.
According to Newton’s first law of motion, a moving object that is not acted on by an unbalanced force will
remain in motion.
eventually come to a stop.
change its momentum.
accelerate.
Why do astronauts in orbiting spacecraft appear weightless?
Nothing in space exerts a force of gravity on the astronauts.
The astronauts are in free fall along with the spaceship.
The astronauts have no mass in space.
The spaceship exerts equal force on an astronaut from all sides.
An ice skater with a mass of 65 kg moves along the ice with a constant velocity of 2.0 m/s. What is the skater’s momentum?
130 kg • m/s
32 kg • m/s
130 N
32 N
Why does a ball thrown horizontally follow a path that is curved downward?
There is no acceleration on the ball.
The ball is accelerated in the horizontal direction only.
The ball is accelerated by gravity in the vertical direction only.
The ball is accelerated in both the vertical and horizontal directions.
Air resistance causes the speed of a falling object to
increase.
decrease.
remain unchanged.
become zero.
A feather is in free fall when the force of gravity
is greater than the force of air resistance.
is less than the force of air resistance.
is equal to the force of air resistance.
is the only force acting on it.
A falling object’s terminal velocity is reached when the force of gravity
is greater than the force of air resistance.
is less than the force of air resistance.
is equal to the force of air resistance.
is the only force acting on the object.
What is a device that makes work easier by changing the size or direction of force?
power
watt
machine
force
What is the work done by a machine on an object?
power
work input
work output
lever
What is the work that you do on a machine?
power
work input
work output
lever
What is the number of times the machine multiplies force?
power
output force
mechanical efficiency
mechanical advantage
Which equation would you use to find mechanical advantage?
MA = work output/work input ´ 100
MA = output force/input force
MA = work input/work output ´ 100
MA = input force/output force
In which situation is a person doing work on an object?
A school crossing guard raises a stop sign that weighs 10 N.
A student walks while wearing a backpack that weighs 15 N.
A man exerts 350 N force on a rope attached to a house.
A worker holds a box 1 m off the floor.
If a barbell weighs 160 N, what other information do you need to calculate how much work it takes to lift it?
the shape of the weights
how high the barbell is being lifted
the strength of the person doing the lifting
the amount of output force
How does a ramp make lifting a heavy object easier?
The object is moved over a shorter distance.
The ramp increases the amount of work you do.
Less force is needed to move the object over a longer distance.
More force is needed to move the object over a longer distance.
If an identical stack of books is lifted the same distance and one person does the job twice as fast, which of the following is done twice as much?
work input
work output
power
efficiency
If the work output of a machine is always less than the work input, where does the missing work go?
It is used to get the machine started.
It is used to overcome the friction created by the machine.
It is used to keep the machine running.
There isn’t enough power present.
Greg applies a force of 100 N to move a box 5 meters. How much work did he do?
100 J
500 J
5 J
500 N
If you exert 20 N of force on a screwdriver and it exerts 40 N on a paint can lid, what is the screwdriver’s mechanical advantage?
2
20
1
40
What two things must happen for work to be done?
The object must move and there must be an output force.
The object must move in the opposite direction of the force.
The object must move in the same direction as the force.
The object must move and the mechanical advantage must be greater than 1.
A construction worker is lifting a load of bricks onto a truck. He does 200 J of work in 40 seconds. What is his power output?
50 J
5 J
50 W
5 W
When a machine increases the size of the force exerted, what happens to the distance?
it must increase
it must decrease
it must stay the same
it must double
Chris and Jane are lifting boxes to put them on shelves. Chris does 200 J of work in 5 minutes and Jane does 200 J of work in 4 minutes. What is the difference between the two jobs?
the input force
the output force
the work
the power
Which energy is caused by an object’s vibrations?
solar energy
electrical energy
chemical energy
sound energy
Which of the following is the energy that comes from changes in an atom’s nucleus?
thermal energy
light energy
nuclear energy
chemical energy
When you stretch a rubber band on a toy airplane, what type of energy does the rubber band have?
kinetic energy
elastic potential energy
thermal energy
mechanical energy
In a hair dryer, electrical energy is changed into which type of energy that is used to dry your hair?
light
nuclear
thermal
chemical
When a bat hits a baseball, what is transferred from the bat to the ball?
work
energy
force
electrical energy
As a baseball flies through the air after being hit, which type of energy does it have?
potential energy
kinetic energy
mechanical energy
chemical energy
Which of the following is a conversion from light energy to chemical energy?
turning on a stove to heat dinner
turning on a lamp
growing an apple tree
making toast in a toaster
When is the potential energy the greatest in a roller coaster?
at the bottom of the first hill
at the top of the first hill
at the top of the second hill
at the bottom of the second hill
Any time an energy conversion takes place, some of the original energy is converted to which one of the following?
sound
potential
light
thermal
Suppose you are jumping on a trampoline. At the top of your jump, which of these is true?
The mechanical energy is zero.
The potential energy is at a maximum.
The kinetic energy and potential energy are equal.
The potential energy is zero.
You turn on a lamp and the light bulb becomes warm. Which energy conversion causes this heating of the light bulb?
thermal energy to electrical energy
light energy to thermal energy
electrical energy to thermal energy
electrical energy to light energy
Waves transfer
energy and matter.
energy only.
matter only.
neither energy nor matter.
Which of the following types of waves requires a medium?
visible light
X-rays
microwaves
sound waves
A section of a longitudinal wave where the particles are crowded together is called a
rarefaction.
compression.
vibration.
surface wave.
When the crests of one wave overlap the crests of another wave or waves, this occurs.
diffraction
destructive interference
constructive interference
resonant frequencies
Part of a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart is called is called a
rarefaction.
compression.
vibration.
surface wave.
An example of a mechanical wave is a(n)
light wave.
radio wave.
ocean wave.
X ray.
What happens to a wave when it is refracted?
It is bent.
It is transmitted.
It is reflected.
It is radiated.
A substance through which a wave can travel is a
A substance through which a wave can travel is a
a. longitudinal wave.
vibration.
medium.
rarefaction.
The medium through which sound waves travel affects the
speed of the sound.
the amplitude of the waves.
the number of waves per second.
the sound quality.
Sound waves are best reflected off which surfaces?
bumpy, soft
smooth, soft
smooth, hard
bumpy, hard
What does the frequency of a sound wave affect?
pitch
loudness
sound quality
sound quality
b. loudness d. type of interference
An electromagnetic wave
never moves.
can travel only through empty space.
cannot travel through matter.
can travel through empty space or matter.
What wave interaction occurs when waves combine and the resulting wave has a greater amplitude than the individual waves had?
regular reflection
diffuse reflection
constructive interference
destructive interference
Refraction can separate white light into
infrared waves.
different colors.
ultraviolet light.
longer wavelengths.
Whether an object is transparent, translucent, or opaque is determined by its ability to
refract light.
diffract light.
transmit light.
increase the speed of light.
Colors of opaque objects are determined by
the color of light they transmit.
the color of light they reflect.
the color of light they refract.
the color of light they diffract.
Colors of translucent and transparent objects are determined by
the color of light they transmit.
the color of light they reflect.
the pigments they transmit.
the pigments they reflect.
When pigments are mixed the result is called
color addition.
color subtraction.
color absorption.
color scattering.
Electromagnetic waves are arranged by
speed.
color.
wavelength.
usefulness.
When white light is refracted, the amount that the light bends depends on what?
the light’s amplitude
the light’s wavelength
the light’s brightness
the light’s interference
What separates white light into different colors?
diffraction
refraction
scattering
transmission
If a material does not allow charges to move through it easily, what is it called?
insulator
conductor
static electricity
electric discharge
As resistance goes up, what happens to the current?
Current goes up.
Current goes down.
Current stays the same.
Current disappears.
Circuits need three basic parts, an energy source, wires, and what else?
charge
force
load
energy
How many pathways are there for moving charges in a series circuit?
1
2
3
4
Why are protons and electrons attracted to each other?
because protons have a positive charge and electrons have a negative charge
because protons have a negative charge and electrons have a positive charge
because they both are positively charged
because they both are negatively charged
What happens if you rub a glass rod with a piece of silk and the rod becomes positively charged?
Electrons on the rod are destroyed.
The silk becomes negatively charged.
Protons move to the rod.
The glass attracts more protons.
Good conductors have low
voltage.
resistance.
current.
temperature
When is an object magnetic?
when it only has a north pole
when it only has a south pole
when it is free to rotate
when it attracts iron
Whether a material is magnetic or not depends on which of the following?
the material’s weight
the material’s mass
the material’s atoms
the material’s density
Increasing the number of loops per meter in the coils of a solenoid is one way to
increase the wire’s electric current.
decrease the wire’s electric current.
strengthen the solenoid’s magnetic field.
weaken the solenoid’s magnetic field.
Where are the strongest magnetic effects on magnets?
In the middle of the magnet.
At both poles of the magnet.
At only the magnet’s north pole.
Only at the magnet’s south pole
