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WorksheetsEarth Science Review #2
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 40mins
How will the presence of power plants burning fossil fuels most likely affect the water cycle?
Sulfur and nitrogen emissions dissolve in rainwater to form acid rain.
Runoff containing emissions causes very large algal blooms in ponds.
Emissions cause the pH of water to change from 5.1 to 8.3.
It will decrease the accumulation of water in the ocean.
Acid precipitation can dissolve aluminum from soil. As aluminum is dissolved, it can flow into lakes and contaminate the water. High concentrations of aluminum in lakes is fatal to many forms of aquatic life. This scenario provides evidence for which of these concepts?
Environmental change can impact the quality of life for living organisms.
Environmental change always has a negative impact on organisms.
Acid rain is the most important environmental problem to address.
Acid rain is the leading cause of death to fish in lakes.
A student created a diagram of farmland with runoff from cornfields to a nearby pond. What was the student probably trying to model?
how acid rain kills pond plants
how pond water is use to irrigate crops
how fertilizers can get into ponds and cause algae blooms
how toxic chemicals from industrial wastes can poison pond water
Which best explains why population growth can result in water shortages and rationing in certain areas?
Aquifers recharge slowly.
Lake water is reserved for recreation.
Increasing biomass decreases evaporation rates.
Tall buildings impede the development of rain clouds.
Which human activity directly affects the quality of freshwater resources?
depleting the ozone layer
burning gasoline in car engines
throwing trash out of car windows
allowing runoff from agricultural fields
Raising livestock, such as sheep and cattle, results in the production of large amounts of methane gas. Methane has the same effect in the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. As more livestock are raised to provide food for humans, what is the most likely effect of the increase in methane?
acid rain
ozone thinning
water pollution
global warming
Certain lakes in the northeastern part of the United States have had decreases in pH levels, causing the deaths of many fish. What is the most likely reason for this change in pH levels?
nuclear power plants
hydroelectric power plants
coal-burning factories
noncommercial farms
Paleoclimatologists study the climate and its changes throughout Earth’s history. What observation by paleoclimatologists led scientists to predict that the average temperature of the planet is rising due to the combustion of fossil fuels?
increases in average temperatures with increasing volcanic activity
direct correlation between atmospheric carbon dioxide level and global temperature
a recent rise in global temperature as atmospheric pollution increased
changes in sea level that correspond to average global temperature
The graph above shows global carbon dioxide emissions and how temperatures have varied from the mean temperature. Which conclusion is scientifically valid and supported by the empirical evidence reported in the graph?
The increase in mean temperature directly resulted in an increase of carbon dioxide emissions.
The increase in mean temperature directly resulted in a decrease of carbon dioxide emissions.
The increase in carbon dioxide emissions directly resulted in an increase of mean temperature.
The increase in carbon dioxide emissions directly resulted in a decrease of mean temperature.
As global temperatures increase, certain organisms will be more affected than others. The changes associated with global warming may result in an increase in sea level. Which organisms will be affected most as a result of the change in sea level?
birds that eat fish from shallow waters
fish that live in coral reefs in shallow waters
mammals that swim in cold, deep ocean waters
crustaceans at the bottom of deep sea ocean waters
The average global ocean temperature in 1912 was 15.8°C, and in 2011 this temperature was 16.5°C. Corals are sensitive to the temperature of ocean water. The health of corals is a concern if the ocean temperature continues to rise. Which of these is a likely prediction based on the current trend in ocean temperature data?
speciation of coral reefs
bleaching of coral reefs
accelerated growth of coral reefs
enhanced fish predation on coral reefs
Global warming affects sea levels. Which of these is a likely consequence if the trend of global warming continues in coming decades?
Melting glaciers will cause flooding of coastal towns and cities.
Melting glaciers will cause flash flooding in mountainous regions.
Evaporation will cause the formation of fjords and U-shaped valleys.
Evaporation will cause sea levels to drop enlarging coastal areas
Which of these situations potentially is a result of climate change?
Fewer storms will cause more erosion.
Daylight hours will decrease, causing bears to hibernate longer.
Glaciers will become smaller, causing sea levels to rise
Increased radioactivity will cause damage to cells of living organisms.
What effect would a long-term rise in the average surface temperature have on the oceans?
Oceans would absorb the heat and hold temperatures lower.
Evaporation would decrease and produce clouds blocking the Sun.
Polar ice would melt and result in the levels of the ocean rising.
More plant life would grow and help reduce the greenhouse effect.
Which is a possible consequence of global warming?
an increase in the amount of coral reefs
a decrease in temperature, causing earlier frosts
an increase in the number of heat waves, causing droughts
a decrease in temperature, causing shorter growing seasons
Which biome has the most vegetation?
desert
forest
grassland
tundra
Why is it difficult to create a terrarium ecosystem that will last a long time without human help?
Terrarium ecosystems cannot get enough sunlight.
Terrarium ecosystems cannot get enough oxygen.
Ecosystems with few species are weak and unstable.
All ecosystems require thoughtful human management.
Which of these is a threat to the survival of an ecosystem?
predator-prey population cycles
less biomass at higher levels of the food web
a shrinking variety of animal and plant species
competition among some consumer populations
Vetiver grass is planted by farmers along the borders of corn fields. Which process does the vetiver grass most likely help farmers reduce?
chemical weathering
insect infestation
freezing of crops
water erosion
What is the most important way an artificial reef, such as a sunken ship or railroad car, may support the development of a complex ecosystem?
by providing habitat for large fish and plants
by providing habitat for algae and small invertebrates
by providing habitat for marine mammals and plants
by providing habitat for bacteria and fungi
