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GEOGRAPHY definitions

Total questions: 92

Worksheet time: 46mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The increase in the proportion of people living in cities - particularly high in LIDC's.

a)

Urbanisation

b)

Migration

c)

Counter-urbanisation

d)

Relocation

2.

Cities with populations of over 10 million people

a)

Over population

b)

Shanty towns

c)

Megacities

d)

World cities

3.

Cities which have global influence because of their financial status and commercial power

a)

Megacities

b)

World Cities

c)

Urban Trade Cities

d)

Global Cities

4.

Movement of people from the countryside to the city

a)

rural-urban migration

b)

Urbanisation

c)

Mass migration

d)

Internal growth

5.

Growth of a city's population due to higher birth rates than death rates

a)

Internal growth

b)

Mortality Deflux

c)

Birthing stimulation

d)

City expansion

6.

Pull factor

a)

The reasons people want to leave the countryside - always negative

b)

The people want to move to cities - always positive

7.

Spread of cities outwards and the development of new residential areas

a)

Suburbanisation

b)

Counter-urbanisation

c)

Re-urbanisation

d)

Internal growth

8.

Re-development of inner urban areas to create new homes and jobs, attracting people to live there

a)

Re-urbanisation

b)

Development schemes

c)

City modification

d)

Suburbanisation

9.

Temporary housing areas at the edge of cities as a result of rural to urban migration . Steep land, flood prone and dirty.

a)

Slums

b)

Shanty towns

c)

LIDC's

d)

Mokoko

10.

Wearing away and removal of material by wind, water and ice

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Titration

d)

Nutrition

11.

Breakdown of rocks on the Earth's surface, by rainwater, temperature and biological activity. It is NOT the removal of rock material.

a)

Attrition

b)

Weathering

c)

Erosion

d)

Abrasion

12.

Rocks carried by the water are reduced in size as they hit against one another

a)

Attrition

b)

Abrasion

c)

Hydraulic Action

d)

Corrosion

13.

Minerals in the rocks and soil are dissolved by river water

a)

Attrition

b)

Abrasion

c)

Hydraulic Action

d)

Corrosion

14.

Water throws sand and sediments against river banks which causes them to wear away

a)

Attrition

b)

Abrasion

c)

Hydraulic Action

d)

Corrosion

15.

The weight and impact of water against a river bank. Air that's trapped in gaps in the river bank is compressed by water force so pressure is increased on the soil.

a)

Attrition

b)

Abrasion

c)

Hydraulic Action

d)

Corrosion

16.

Chemical Weathering

a)

Rain water reacts with mineral grains in rocks to form new minerals and soluble salts

b)

Trees put roots through cracks in rocks in order to find moisture - the rocks are prized apart

c)

Changing temperature causes rocks to break apart (Freeze thaw or exfoliation)

17.

Climate

a)

Day to day change in atmospheric conditions

b)

Average weather over 30 years for a specific location

18.

Boulders/large rocks rolled along river bed

a)

Traction

b)

Saltation

c)

Suspension

d)

Solution

19.

Smaller sediment picked up by water and bounced along river bed

a)

Traction

b)

Saltation

c)

Suspension

d)

Solution

20.

Smallest sediment travels along river suspended above bed

a)

Traction

b)

Saltation

c)

Suspension

d)

Solution

21.

Minerals in rocks are dissolved by reacting with river water and carried - the minerals aren't visible

a)

Traction

b)

Saltation

c)

Suspension

d)

Solution

22.

Using strategies to work with natural processes - not physical barriers

a)

Soft engineering

b)

Hard engineering

c)

Natural engineering

d)

Selective engineering

23.

Construction of physical barriers out of concrete, rock, metal or wood

a)

Hard engineering

b)

Soft engineering

c)

Natural engineering

d)

Mechanical engineering

24.

Large bends in the river found in the middle or lower course

a)

Levees

b)

Meanders

c)

Ox-bow lakes

d)

Snake trails

25.

A measure of the number of people who live within a certain area

a)

Population density

b)

Land use

c)

Population volume

d)

Density scale

26.

A description of what the land is used for

a)

Land ownership

b)

Land use

27.

Water stress

a)

When the demand for water exceeds the supply

b)

When the demand for water is lower than the supply

c)

When the demand for water uses up a high proportion of the supply

d)

When there is no supply of water in a given area where demand is hight

28.

Relief

a)

The difference in height of a landscape

b)

The gradient of which a slope goes up

c)

The amount of land available for a given purpose

d)

The accessibility of resources from a given location

29.

The average age at which a person is expected to live

a)

Life expectancy

b)

Age limit

c)

Life scale

d)

Average capacity

30.

The number of deaths in a population per 1000 per year

a)

Death rate

b)

Mortality rate

c)

Vulnerability rate

d)

Resource reliance failure

31.

Infant mortality rate

a)

The number of births in a population per 1000 per year

b)

The number of babies between the ages 0-5 who die per 1000 per year

c)

The number of mothers who die during labour per 1000 per year

d)

The number of deaths of babies between the ages 0-1 per 1000 per year

32.

A population structure that becomes distorted with a high and increasing proportion of people over 65 years

a)

Ageing population

b)

Medical advancement

c)

Elder urbanisation

d)

Over population

33.

Active retiree

a)

Living in care homes - in need of constant care and help with activities

b)

Able to do all activities independently

c)

Mostly independent, needing help with only a few activities

34.

A survey of a population carried out every 10 years

a)

Survey

b)

Questionnaire

c)

Evaluation scheme

d)

Census

35.

The construction of products from raw materials - usually made in large quantities

a)

Engineering

b)

Factorisation

c)

Expansion and Repair

d)

Manufactoring

36.

Choose the false statement

a)

PRIMARY JOBS involve extraction from raw materials

b)

SECONDARY JOBS involve manufacturing of raw materials

c)

TERTIARY JOBS involve transportation and trade of raw materials

d)

QUATERNARY JOBS in research and development

37.

Economic Hub

a)

Cities where economic growth is at its strongest

b)

A city where only one job sector profits and allows the economy to thrive

c)

A city where failing infrastructure and lack of trade effects the economy

d)

A city that has excellent global links allowing its economy to thrive

38.

Which of these statements is false

a)

UNILATERAL is the involvement of aid working to help a single country in crisis

b)

MULTILATERAL involves groups or countries working together

c)

REFUGEES are people who were forced to move from their country in fear for their lives

d)

INTERNALLY DISPLACED PEOPLE are forced from their homes to somewhere else within their country

39.

Compromises of the ideas, customs and social behaviour of particular people of society

a)

Lifestyle

b)

Civilization

c)

Culture

d)

Religion

40.

Which of these is not an epoch of the Quaternary period?

a)

PLEISTOCENE occurred 2.588 million years ago

b)

HOLOCENE occurred 11.7 years ago

c)

ADOCOLENE occurred 1.34 million years ago

41.

Which of these statements is incorrect?

a)

GLACIAL PERIODS are historically cold periods usually lasting 100,000 years

b)

INTERGLACIAL PERIODS are historically warm periods lasting 10,000 years

c)

CLIMATE CHANGE are changes in long-term temperature and precipitation patterns

d)

GLOBAL WARMING is a trend associated with human activity that decreases the Earth's temperature

42.

An atom of an element with the same atomic number but different atomic mass

a)

Isotopes

b)

Ions

c)

Neutrons

d)

Atoms

43.

Choose the incorrect statement

a)

PRECESSION is the natural wobble of the Earth happening over 26,000 years

b)

ECCENTRICITY is the path of the Earth as it orbits the sun happening over 55,000 years

c)

AXIAL TILT is the tilt of the Earth from 21.5-24.5 degrees happening over 41,000 years

d)

SUNSPOTS are dark spots on the Sun's surface associated with strong magnetic fields happening over 11 years

44.

Amount of Carbon emissions produced by individuals, organisations and communities

a)

Carbon trail

b)

Carbon rate

c)

Carbon monitor

d)

Carbon footprint

45.

The act of process/progress - a state of growth and advancement

a)

Increase

b)

Development

c)

Manufacturing

d)

Re-instalation

46.

A development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

a)

Generational Development

b)

Political Development

c)

Sustainable Development

d)

Demographical Development

47.

The mixed statistic of life expectancy, education and income per capita which are used to rank countries in the 4 stages of human development. The score is between 0 and 100, which the lowest numbers being the most developed

a)

Human Development Index (HDI)

b)

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

c)

Country Development Graph (CDG)

d)

Global Development Statistics (GDS)

48.

Takes in to account the economy of a country as an average

a)

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

b)

Global Development Product (GDP)

c)

Human Domestic Ibidem (HDI)

d)

Human Development Index (HDI)

49.

A standard of living below that which enables a person to live comfortably

a)

Poverty

b)

Depression

c)

Deprevation

d)

Starvation

50.

Top-Down strategies

a)

Strategies led by the Government to reduce poverty

b)

Strategies led by the local community to reduce poverty

51.

A major historical model of economic growth. The model postulates that economic growth occurs in five basic stages of varying length

a)

Mendeleev's model of scientific theory

b)

Rostow's model of development

c)

Bueferd's model of economic advancement

d)

Thomsons model of urbanisation

52.

A company that owns manufacturing bases in LIDC's where products are cheaper to produce - the products are sold in AC's to make profit

a)

Transnational Companies

b)

Transnational Cooperatives

c)

Transnational cacogenics

d)

Transnational Cities

53.

A biological community of living organisms (biotic) and non-living parts (abiotic) of their environment

a)

Biomes

b)

Ecosystems

c)

Environments

d)

Atmospheres

54.

A large scale ecosystem which specific communities of animal and plants - determined by the area's climate

a)

Climate zone

b)

Mega ecosystem

c)

Environment

d)

Biome

55.

Cycle of poverty and decline

a)

Poverty traps people in poverty unless an external intervention is applied

b)

LIDC's containing poverty cause a decrease in economy countries that have international links with it

c)

AC's that aid feuding countries might experience a drop in economy that cannot be repaired

d)

EDC's will struggle to become AC's in a worl that is developing more quickly around it

56.

Which of these statements is incorrect?

a)

AGROFORESTRY: Growing trees and crops together - crops get shelter and nutrients from the tree

b)

SELECTIVE LOGGING: Only cutting down trees in a certain area until given permission to move on

c)

MONITORING: Regular observations to allow progress to be checked

d)

AFFORESTATION: Replanting trees to replace primary forests that have been lost

57.

Forest floor is damp and hot so plant litter decomposes quickly. Plants and trees take most of these nutrients so the soil is nutrient poor. It is the biomass that stores most nutrients.

a)

Nutrient Cycle

b)

Decomposition

c)

Biomass Ladder

d)

Nutrition Factors

58.

A type of sustainable development that aims to create local employment whilst conserving the natural environment

a)

Eco-tourism

b)

Eco-development

c)

Sustainable tourism

d)

Reservation

59.

A sudden and large, rapid increase in the world's population

a)

Population Explosion

b)

Population Exploitation

c)

Population Influx

d)

Rapid Population Growth

60.

Choose the one that describes carrying capacity (the other one describes the crisis point)

a)

The ability for the Earth to supply resources to the population

b)

More resources are being used than that which is available for our population

61.

Which one of these statements is incorrect

a)

MECHANISATION uses modern day technology along side human labour for semi-efficient farming

b)

COMMERCIAL FARMING produces crops/animals to sell for a profit

c)

SUBSISTENCE FARMING grows food and animals for families only

62.

A man-made water supply to form a lake - contains a dam to supply water commercially or subsistently

a)

Reservoirs

b)

Artificial lakes

c)

Water transfer schemes

d)

Oxbow lakes

63.

The state of having reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food

a)

Food security

b)

Food Reliablility

c)

Resource Relaince

d)

Nutrition Value

64.

Choose the incorrect statement

a)

Global Hunger Index calculate global hunger from a scale of 0-50 (0 being starvation)

b)

Global Food Security Index calculate food availability and affordability , quality and safety

c)

Average Daily Calorie Consumption calculate average calorie intake for individual countries

65.

Ethical Consumerism

a)

Buying products that do not have negative impacts on the environment or social and economic aspects

b)

The selling of products that aren't sold in plastic packaging

66.

Trade between companies and producers in LIDC's and AC'S in which fair prices are paid to the producers

a)

Ethical trade

b)

Economical consumerism

c)

Fair trade

d)

Economical advancement advertisement

67.

Choose the incorrect statement

a)

FOOD PRODUCTION transforms row ingredients into prepared food products

b)

INTENSIVE FARMING uses large amounts of machinery, chemicals and labour to maximize production

c)

ORGANIC FARMING is large scale intensive farming that only profits on organic ingredients

d)

AGRIBUSINESS is farming run by large companies that grow food for profit on huge areas of land

68.

Process of changing the DNA of an organism by introducing genes with specific characteristics

a)

Selective breeding

b)

Selective modification

c)

Genetic breeding

d)

Genetic modification

69.

Permanent agriculture - crops, plants and soils are managed so they can always be used

a)

Permaculture

b)

Urban gardens

c)

Bottom-up approach

d)

Sustainable yield

70.

Formal projects used where individuals/small groups grow food and promote healthy eating

a)

Urban Gardens

b)

Bottom-Up approach

c)

Permaculture

d)

Sustainable yield

71.

Choose the incorrect statement

a)

PLATE TECTONICS is the movement of tectonic plates due to convection currents in the inner core

b)

TECTONIC PLATES are huge slabs of rock that make up the Earth's core

c)

CONTINENTAL CRUST is 25-100km thick and not very dense

d)

OCEANIC CRUST is 5-10km thick and very dense

72.

Choose the incorrect statement

a)

INNER CORE is made of iron and nickel, it has very high pressure, 5000-6000°C, 1200km thick

b)

OUTER CORE made of iron, nickel, sulfur and oxygen, 6000-7000°C and 2200km thick

c)

MANTLE 2900km thick, 1300-4000°C and made of magma which cause convection currents

73.

Stronger trade winds than usual blow from South America to Australia causing drought in South America and flooding in Australia from low pressure. An up-welling of cold water in South America brings good a fishing season and warmer waters in Australia.

a)

La Nina

b)

El Nino

74.

Which of these statements about El Nino is incorrect?

a)

Weak trade winds blow from West to South along the Pacific

b)

Low pressure in South America causes flooding

c)

High pressure in Australia causes drought

d)

There is warmer water than usual along the West Coast of South America only

75.

If wind is the movement of air from high to low pressure.... which one of these statements is incorrect?

a)

Prevailing winds travel in the most frequent direction in a certain location

b)

Katabatic winds flow downhill

c)

Jet streams are fast moving winds travelling along pressure belts

d)

Tornadoes are small areas of strong rotating winds

76.

Large areas of strong rotating winds

a)

Tornadoes

b)

Hurricanes

c)

Tropical Storms

d)

Cyclones

77.

A natural occurring disaster causing devastation and death

a)

Natural Hazard

b)

Global Hazard

c)

Atmospheric Catastrophe

d)

Traumatic Storm

78.

Below average precipitation received in an area

a)

Drought

b)

Monsoon

c)

Dry Season

d)

Heatwave

79.

The three types of global hazards are... (Choose 3)

a)

TECTONIC: Within the Earth

b)

GEOMORPHIC: On the surface of the Earth

c)

ATMOSPHERIC: Within the atmosphere

d)

OCEANIC: Within the Earth's oceans

e)

GLACIAL: Natural cycles that occur every 10,000 to 100,000 years

80.

An area with a particular climate

a)

Biome

b)

Biodiversity Zone

c)

Ecosystem

d)

Climate Zone

81.

Extreme Weather

a)

Any natural event that results in loss of life

b)

Any storm that requires immediate response and safety precautions

c)

Involves flooding and/or drought resulting for multiple weeks

d)

Different from average weather for a certain period of time

82.

Heat and light energy from the sun

a)

Solar Radiation

b)

Solar Insulation

c)

Solar Morphism

d)

Solar Energy

83.

Precipitation is anything that falls and condenses on the ground. Which statement is incorrect?

a)

Frontal Rainfall occurs when warm air rises over cold air (a front) and condenses

b)

Relief rainfall occurs when warm air rises and condenses over mountains leaving rainshadows

c)

The Coriolis effect is the spinning force of the outer core within the Earth

d)

Convectional Rainfall is any rising air that cools and condenses

84.

Hurricanes, Cyclones and Typhoons are basically the same thing but just found in different locations. Which location is incorrect?

a)

HURRICANES in Northwest Atlantic

b)

CYCLONES in Indian Ocean and Southwest Pacific

c)

TYPHOONS in Northwest Pacific

d)

HURRICANES in Southeast Pacific

85.

This type of plate boundary occurs when two plate of the same density converge

a)

Constructive

b)

Destructive

c)

Collison

d)

Conservative

86.

This type of plate boundary occurs when two crusts move in opposite directions and hot magma rises inbetween them

a)

Collision

b)

Constructive

c)

Destructive

d)

Conservative

87.

This plate boundary occurs when two plates of different densities collide so that the denser one is subducted under the less dense one

a)

Constructive

b)

Destructive

c)

Conservative

d)

Collision

88.

When two plates rub against each other in the same (at different speeds) or opposite direction, causing slip faults

a)

Conservative

b)

Constructive

c)

Destructive

d)

Collision

89.

Earthquakes are violent shaking of the Earth's crust that origin at the epicenter and send seismic waves of energy through the Earth

a)

False

b)

True

90.

Results of Earthquakes are... (3)

a)

TSUNAMI is caused by a jolt in the ground that propels the water

b)

LANDSLIDES caused by weakened ground from violent shaking

c)

LIQUEFACTION causes rocks to shake and liquify

d)

DEFORESTATION caused by massive forest fires by shaking trees

e)

EXTINCTION from rocks killing entire species

91.

Lava filled with a lot of gas such as sulfur dioxide, making it very thick and explosive. Also causing the formation of steep composite volcanoes

a)

Basalt

b)

Pahoehoe

c)

AA

d)

Sulfuric

92.

Crust passes over hot part in the mantle and a plume of super-heated magma punches through the weakest area to create a volcanic island soon made extinct when area is passed

a)

Hotspot

b)

Magma chamber

c)

Gaseous Plume

d)

Volcanic Activation

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