Fishes mostly regulate bouyancy by precisely regulating the volume of gas in the

Nitrogenous wastes such as urea, creatine, and creatinine are produced in the _______ of fishes

Salamanders belong to the amphibian order

Members of the three of the four living orders of reptiles are found on all continents except

Turtles belong to the reptilian order

The dorsal portion of the turtle shell is called the

The ____________ makes up the ventral portion of the turtle shell.

Most living reptiles are

Birds currently belong to the class

The covering of feathers on a bird is called teh

Contour feathers consist of _______________ with inner and outer webs.

The activity by which birds maintain a clean plumage and rid the feather sand skin of parasites is referred to as

A type of flight commonly used by hummingbirds is _________ flight.

In many birds, a diverticulum in the es0phasgus, the _______, can be used to store large quantities of food.

The _______ of the bird is responsible for grinding up the food.

Ventilation in the birds is accomplished by expansion and contraction of the

Birds regulate their body temperature at approximately

In birds and reptiles, the excretion of __________ conserves water.

______________ refers to periodic round trips between breeding and non breeding areas.