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WorksheetsSecond Semester Regents Review (ES)
Total questions: 70
Worksheet time: 35mins
"The geologic processes we see today such as weathering, erosion, and earthquakes have been going on since Earth began." This is known as the
Hubble's Law
Principle of Uniformitarianism
Principle of Original Horizontality
Principle of Superposition
"Sediments are deposited in horizontal layers parallel to Earth's surface." This is known as the
Principle of Uniformitarianism
Hubble's Law
Principle of Superposition
Principle of Original Horizontality
"In undisturbed rock layers, the oldest layers are on the bottom and the youngest layers are on the bottom." This is known as the
Principle of Original Horizontality
Principle of Uniformitarianism
Hubble's Law
Principle of Superposition
What is older, the rock itself or the sediments that make it up?
The rock is older
The sediments are older
Molten rock that forces its way into cracks in rock layers and hardens underneath the surface is known as
An intrusion
An extrusion
An erosional surface
A depositional surface
Molten rock that breaks through to the surface and hardens is known as
An unconformity
An extrusion
An intrusion
A fossil
Gaps in the geologic history of an area caused by erosion are known as
Unconformities
Intrusions
Extrusions
Faults
The arrow points to a fault
The arrow points to a fold
The arrow points to an unconformity
The arrow points to an intrusion
This occurs when the nuclei of unstable atoms break down into to stable atoms of another element.
Radioactive Decay
Atomic Redistribution
Elemental Relativity
Nuclear Differentiation
The half-life of a radioactive isotope is useful in determining the absolute age of a rock because
The half-life changes at a predictable rate
The half-life does not change
The half-life decays in a cyclic pattern
The half-life increases after each decay
Rubidium-87 decays into
Nitrogen-14
Argon-40
Calcium-40
Strontium-87
Lead-206
What percentage of a 300g sample of Potassium-40 would remain after four half lives have passed?
50%
25%
12.5%
6.25%
3.125%
An 80g rock sample contains 10g of Carbon-14 and 70g of Nitrogen-14. How old is the rock?
5.7x103 years old
11.4x103 years old
17.1x103 years old
22.8x103 years old
A good index fossil comes from an organism that existed
For a short time period but was widespread
For a long time period and was widespread
For a short time period and in a small geographic area
For a long time period and in a small geographic area
Which is the index fossil?
Sequence: I, B, F, Fault, M, R, H
Sequence: I, B, F, Fault, M, H, R
Sequence: I, B, F, M, Fault, R, H
Sequence: I, B, F, M, Fault, H, R
The larger the particle, the _______________ faster it settles.
Faster
Slower
The denser the particle, the _________________ it settles.
Faster
Slower
The rounder a particle, the __________________ it settles.
Faster
Slower
A pile of unsorted, striated sediment was likely deposited by
Glaciers
Wind
Running Water
Mass Movement
A pile of unsorted, angular sediment at the bottom of a cliff was likely deposited by
Glaciers
Mass Movement
Wind
Running Water
You find sediment that is rounded, smooth, and sorted. This sediment was likely depsited by
Wind
Mass Movement
Glaciers
Running Water
You find sediment that is very small and frosted. This sediment was likely deposited by
Glaciers
Mass Movement
Running Water
Wind
The picture shows horizontal sorting
The picture shows vertical sorting
The picture shows unsorted sediment
Horizontal sorting would usually occur
When a river empties into the ocean or a lake
When sediment drops from a cliff into a lake
When sediment is directly deposited by a glacier
Only in a laboratory setting
The carrying of weathered rock material by agents such as running water, wind, glaciers, or gravity is known as
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
Sublimation
The dropping of sediments in a new location is known as
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
Freezing
The volume of water flowing past a given point in a period of time is known as the ________________ of a river.
Bedload
Discharge
Velocity
Saltation
The velocity of a river is greatest on the __________________ of a meander.
Outside
Inside
Velocity is greatest at B and Deposition is dominant
Velocity is lowest at B and Deposition is dominant
Velocity is greatest at B and Erosion is dominant
Velocity is lowest and B and Erosion is dominant
Which side is the leeward side of this sand dune?
A
B
The longshore current comes from the bottom of the screen
The longshore current comes from the top of the screen
The longshore current comes from the right side of the screen
The longshore current comes from the left side of the screen
Which rock will weather most quickly?
In what climate is frost action most common?
Warm and Moist
Cold and Moist
Warm and Dry
Cold and Dry
In what climate is chemical weathering most common?
Warm and Moist
Cool and Moist
Warm and Dry
Cool and Dry
Not much weathering occurs in climates that are
Cool and Dry
Cool and Moist
Warm and Dry
Warm and Moist
In what climate is abrasion most common?
Warm and Dry
Warm and Moist
Cool and Moist
Cool and Dry
Which will weather faster?
The Small Marbles
The Giant Marble
The organic component of soil is mostly found in the
O-Horizon
A-Horizon
B-Horizon
C-Horizon
Bedrock
Which agent of erosion most likely deposited most of the soil in New York State?
Glaciers
Wind
Running Water
Mass Movement
For water to infiltrate the surface, the ground must be
Permeable & Unsaturated
Impermeable & Unsaturated
Permeable & Saturated
Impermeable & Saturated
The larger the particles, the _________________ the infiltration rate.
Greater
Smaller
A steep slope will lead to
More Infiltration & More Runoff
More Infiltration & Less Runoff
Less Infiltration & Less Runoff
Less Infiltration & More Runoff
Dense vegetation will lead to
Greater Infiltration & Less Runoff
Greater Infiltration & Greater Runoff
Less Infiltration & Less Runoff
Less Infiltration & Greater Runoff
What do we call the boundary between the zone of aeration and the zone of saturation?
The Water Table
The Regolithe
The Aquifer
The Capillarity
The theory of continental drift was proposed in 1912 by
Alfred Wegener
James Hutton
Friedrich Mohs
William Buckland
Johann Sebastian Bach
The portion of Earth's Interior that flows like a liquid is known as
The Inner Core
The Stiffer Mantle
The Asthenosphere
The MOHO
The Rigid Mantle
What caused Earth's Interior to separate into layers?
Differences in Volume
Differences in Mass
Differences in Density
Differences in Electrical Charge
Differences in Hardness
How deep into the Earth have humans been able to dig?
Crust
Mantle
Inner Core
Outer Core
How do scientists know what Earth's Interior is like?
By sampling rocks from each layer
By studying the way the Moon's gravity affects each layer
By studying seismic waves
By directly observing the different layers
What is the approximate pressure at the boundary between the mantle and outer core?
1.0 atmospheres
1.5 million atmospheres
2.0 million atmospheres
2.5 million atmospheres
3.0 million atmospheres
A density of 5.4 g/cm3 can be found in
The Crust
The Outer Core
The Inner Core
The Mantle
Volcanoes are most often created along
Convergent Plate Boundaries
Divergent Plate Boundaries
Transform Plate Boundaries
New ocean crust is created along
Ridges
Trenches
Transform Boundaries
At 47°S, 117°E, you would find a
Divergent Plate Boundary
Transform Plate Boundary
Convergent Plate Boundary
This is a Primary Wave
This is a Secondary Wave
This is a Primary Wave
This is a Secondary Wave
Which is true of seismic waves?
P-Waves travel faster than S-Waves, but cannot pass through liquids
S-Waves travel faster than P-Waves, but cannot pass through liquids
P-Waves travel slower than S-Waves and cannot pass through liquids
S-Waves travel slower than P-Waves and cannot pass through liquids
The Ocean Floor near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is
older than the floor far from the ridge
younger than the floor far from the ridge
What drives plate tectonics?
Nuclear Fusion in Earth's core
Convection in the plastic mantle
Gravitational influence from the Moon
Air resistance caused by Earth's revolution around the Sun
Earth's Magnetic Field, generated by Earth's liquid outer core
What type of rock makes up the ocean floor?
Sedimentary Rock
Metamorphic Rock
Igneous Rock
A mineral must be
Naturally Occurring, Solid, Inorganic, Definite Crystal Structure, Definite Chemical Composition
Naturally Occurring, Solid, Organic, Definite Crystal Structure, Definite Chemical Composition
Naturally Occurring, Solid, Inorganic Variable Crystal Structure, Variable Chemical Composition
Man-made, Fluid, Organic, Variable Crystal Structure, Variable Chemical Composition
What gives different minerals different properties?
Where the mineral was found
The internal arrangement of atoms
The quality of the mineral
How old the mineral is
Igneous rocks with large crystals cooled
Slowly, Inside the Earth as Magma
Quickly, Inside the Earth as Magma
Slowly, Outside the Earth as Lava
Quickly, Outside the Earth as Lava
What is the best environment for making sedimentary rocks?
In shallow water
Near a volcano
A jungle environment
In an arctic climate
A mineral that scratches glass, has rough edges, and contains magnesium would most likely be classified as
Olivine
Garnet
Pyrite
Pyroxene
Quartz
Which mineral bubbles with acid?
Calcite
Quartz
Halite
Flourite
Selenite Gypsum
If shale is exposed to intense heat and pressure, it will become
Slate
Phyllite
Marble
Quartzite
Schist
Clastic sedimentary rocks are classified according to their
Grain Size
Mineral Composition
Density
Age
Location of Formation
Which correctly identifies problems associated with El Nino?
Drought in Australia & Poor Fishing Conditions in South America
Drought in South America & Poor Fishing Conditions in Australia
Consistent, heavy snows in New York
Increased amounts of lightning all around the arctic circle
