WorksheetsScience Final Exam Review 2017-2018
Total questions: 47
Worksheet time: 49mins
Over the last 200 years scientists have increased their knowledge of how to use chemicals to create medicine. What is one result of this?
Humans now have a longer life expectancy.
Humans are no longer at risk of serious diseases.
Medicines that use chemicals no longer have side effects.
Medicines that use chemicals are now less powerful.
Which of the following represents a molecule?
Ca
Co
CO
Cu
A molecule is
Two or more substances that are mixed together.
Two or more atoms that are chemically bonded.
A particle found in the nucleus of an atom.
The smallest part of an element that still has the properties of that element.
Karin is reading the information that came with a new medicine she has to take. One of the ingredients is lactose (C12H22O11). What can Karin conclude about lactose based on the formula?
Some people may be allergic to lactose.
Lactose has a melting point of about 203 degrees Celsius.
Lactose is a key ingredient in many medicines.
A lactose molecule contains 12 atoms of carbon.
What is the importance of studying fossils?
To provide information about current life forms and current environmental conditions.
To provide information about how previous life forms would exist in current environmental conditions.
To provide information about how life and environmental conditions may have changed.
To provide information about how current life forms would exist in previous environmental conditions.
Fossils provide evidence of
How life and the environment has remained stable over time
How the climate and weather has remained stable over time
How the environment has changed but life has remained stable over time
How life and environmental conditions have changed over time
Scientists can estimate the ages of rock if they contain certain
Sediments
Carbons
Minerals
Index Fossils
Some scientists believe that life on Earth began about 3.5 billion years ago. What do they base this belief on?
The fossil record
The distance from the sun to the Earth
The time it takes to orbit the Earth
The thickness of the mantle
Scientists have found that the elephant shrew and the elephant share more DNA sequences than does the elephant shrew with a rodent. This evidence suggests to scientists that the elephant shrew and elephant
Both like peanuts
Have different ancestors
May share a common ancestor
Are the same organism
An individual with two different alleles for a specific trait is said to be:
Homozygous
Heterozygous
Homogeneous
Heterogeneous
In a particular breed of cattle, the trait of not having horns (Pp) is dominant over having horns (pp). A cross between parents with Pp and pp genotypes. What percentage of offspring will be without horns?
0%
25%
50%
75%
A test cross is performed on a purple flower with an unknown genotype. The results of the cross are 50% purple and 50 % white flowers. White flowers are a recessive trait. What is the genotype of the original purple flower?
PP
pp
Pp
PP or Pp
Form a cross between a short haired guinea pig (hh) and a long haired guinea pig (Hh), what would be the possible phenotypes of the offspring?
100% will have long hair
75% will have long hair, 25% will have short hair
50% will have long hair, 50% will have short hair
25% will have long hair, 75% will have short hair
In a particular variety of birds, black feather (FF) are dominant over white feathers (ff). A cross between two parent birds with Ff genotype. What percentage of offspring will have white feathers?
25%
50%
75%
100%
Mutations cause structural changes in a molecule that helps transmit hereditary information. The molecule is
A mineral
DNA
A protein
A carbohydrate
Predict the probability that two green podded pea plants will produce offspring with the genotype GG.
100%
75%
50%
25%
Two purple flowers are crossed resulting in both purple and yellow flowers in the next generation. Which of the following must be true concerning flower color?
Purple is a recessive trait
Yellow is a recessive trait
Purple and yellow are equally dominant traits
Purple and yellow are blended traits
A woman with a cleft chin and a man with a cleft chin have a child with a straight chin. The allele for having a straight chin must be
Dominant
Recessive
Codominant
Incomplete
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Sunlight, carbon dioxide
Glucose, water, and carbon dioxide
Glucose and oxygen
Water and glucose
Which substances are needed to make food in plants?
Glucose and oxygen
Oxygen and water
Water and carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide and oxygen
During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide from the air and release what gas?
Carbon monoxide
Nitrogen
Methane
Oxygen
What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
The peripheral and the central nervous system
The spine and the sensory nervous system
The integrated and the parasympathetic nervous system
The motor and the sympathetic nervous system
What is the process that is commonly used to assure desirable characteristics, or traits, in the offspring of animals?
Selective breeding
Gene splicing
Cloning
Selective mitations
In a cell, gene mutations affect:
The production of nucleic acids
The production of lipids
The productions of carbohydrates
The production of proteins
Which of the following objects could be used to model the structure of a DNA molecule?
A snowflake
A ladder
A three-dimensional cube
A branching tree
A scientists studying the effects of radiation on DNA performs an experiment in which she exposes a sequence of nitrogen bases found in DNA to radiation. The DNA before and after the radiation is shown below. Use the evidence to determine whether a mutation has occurred, an if so, interpret that mutation.
Before Exposure: ATCGTCA
After Exposure: ATTCGTCA
No mutations has occurred to the DNA sequence
A nitrogen base has been deleted from the DNA molecule
A nitrogen base has replaced another nitrogen base in the DNA molecule
A nitrogen base has been added to the DNA molecule
In multicellular organisms, groups of tissues form:
Vacuoles
Organs
Cells
Organelles
Cells are the building blocks of:
Living things
Matter
Energy
Rocks
According to cell theory, all cells come from:
Water
Soil
Chemical Reactions
Pre-existing cells
Which of the following is in order from simplest to most complex?
Organ, tissue, cell, organ system
Organ system, organ, tissue cell
Cell, tissue, organ, organ system
Cell, organ, organ system, tissue
Which of the following is the characteristic that all organisms have in common?
All organisms are made up of cells
All organisms are multicellular
All organisms can make their own food
All organisms have cells with a nucleus
How are the cells in multicellular organisms different from those in single-celled organism?
Cells in multicellular organisms do not have nuclei
Cells in multicellular organisms are smaller than cells in single-celled organisms
Cells in multicellular organisms do not move
Cells in multicellular organisms are specialized to perform certain functions
The human body is made up of four types of tissues. Which of the following structures make up tissues?
Organs
Cells
Systems
Organelles
Plants capture sunlight in order to:
Release energy through the process of respiration
Make glucose through the process of respiration
Make glucose through the process of photosynthesis
Release energy through the process of photosynthesis
Which of these must a plant have in order to make food?
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Glucose
Sunlight
Organisms that can adapt to changes in their environment are most likely to survive and reproduce, while those that cannot adapt die out. This idea is known as:
Mutation
Natural Selection
Variation
Population
Certain antibiotics are no longer effective against the bacteria that they used to kill. How might this be explained?
The number of bacteria is now greater than what the antibiotic can kill.
The antibiotic has become weaker over time.
Bacteria that were resistant to the antibiotic survived to reproduce.
Changes in the environment made the antibiotic ineffective.
Why is DNA a useful piece of evidence to use when studying evolution?
All living things have different DNA.
Studying DNA from different organisms may indicate a relationship between species.
Each organism shows changes in its DNA as it evolves.
Evolution only happens when an organism’s DNA becomes the same as another’s.
Most fossils are found in:
Sedimentary rock
Loose sediments
Metamorphic rock
Igneous rock
Students perform experiments to test hypotheses. How do scientists try to remain objective during experiments?
Scientists analyze all results
Scientists use safety precautions
Scientists conduct experiments once
Scientists change at least two variables
When conducting an experiment, which of the following is generally true?
It is unsafe to conduct a large number of experimental trials.
The number of trials conducted does not affect the validity of the results.
Conducting a large number of experimental trials makes the results more reliable.
Performing a smaller number of experimental trials makes the results more reliable.
Jamie wants to conduct a scientific investigation titled “Which battery lasts longer?” How can she make sure her results are valid?
Write a report about her results.
Repeat the investigation several times.
Confirm that her results match her hypothesis.
Use metric measuring units during her investigation.
Karen wants to know where in her garden a basil plant will grow the best. She thinks a basil plant will grow best in the corner of the garden that gets the most sunlight. To test her hypothesis, she decided to plant several groups of basil in her garden. Which of the following variables should Karen change from one group of basil plants to the next?
The amount of water she gives the plants.
The location of the plants.
The height of the plants.
The type of plants.
Mario is planning to conduct an experiment to determine which disinfectant is best for killing bacteria that are often found in kitchens. Which of the following would be the most logical dependent variable for his experiment?
Type of disinfectant
Source of bacteria
Amount of disinfectant
Number of bacteria that survived using the disinfectant
Suppose a student is conducting an experiment to determine which metal best conducts electric current. He decides the independent variable will be the type of metal wire used. The dependent variable will be the current measured in amperes. Which of the following should be the same for each of the wires used?
Cost of the metal wires.
Length and width of the metal wires.
Whether the metal wires react with acid.
How rapidly the metal wires react with oxygen.
Jorge wants to know whether music affects plant growth. He puts two identical plants in separate rooms. One room has a window and a stereo that plays rock music all day. The other room is quiet and dark. He waters both plants the same. After two weeks he compares the plants. The plant in the room with music is green and growing. Leaves on the plant in the other room are turning yellow. He concludes that music helps plants grow. What makes this scientific explanation weak?
He did not have a testable hypothesis.
He did not use two different plants in each room.
He did not add fertilizer to the plants in either room.
He had more than one independent variable in his experiment.
When engineers develop a model, which step in the engineering process takes place?
Identify a problem or need
Implementing the design
Evaluating the solution or product
Design a solution or product
