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Year 12 Biology - Genetics and Cells Review

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of the following is the smallest unit of life that can carry out all life functions?
a)
the mitochondria
b)
the vacuoles
c)
the nucleus
d)
the cell
2.
Which structures are found in every living cell?
a)
cell membrane and cytoplasm
b)
chloroplasts and mitochondria
c)
a cell wall and nucleus
d)
chloroplasts and cell wall
3.
What is the function of the cell nucleus found in both plant and animal cells?
a)
to produce energy
b)
to control cell activity
c)
to remove waste products
d)
to allow molecules to enter the cell
4.
All cells need energy to function.  Which cell organelle is responsible for producing energy in the cell?
a)
chloroplasts
b)
mitochondria
c)
nucleus
d)
vacuoles
5.
In what part of the plant cell does the process of photosynthesis take place?
a)
nucleus
b)
mitochondria
c)
chloroplasts
d)
vacuoles
6.
Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)
CO2 + light + H2O --> O2 + Sugar
b)
CO2 + sugar + H2O --> O2 + light
c)
O2 + light + H2O --> CO2 + Sugar
d)
CO2 + O2 + H2O --> Light+ Sugar
7.

What is the pigment in chloroplasts that is used to perform photosynthesis?

a)

Chlorosynthesis

b)

Chlorophyll

c)

ADP

d)

Electron Transport

8.
What are the products of photosynthesis?
a)
water and carbon dioxide
b)
oxygen and glucose
c)
oxygen and carbon dioxide
d)
oxygen and water
9.
All living things do which of the following?
a)
Chemosynthesis
b)
Respiration
c)
photosynthesis
d)
all of the answers
10.
What is one of the reactants of cellular respiration?
a)
energy
b)
glucose
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
water
11.
______________ produces the most ATP.
a)
photosnthesis
b)
aerobic respiration
c)
anaerobic respiration
d)
glycolysis
12.
What are the products of aerobic respiration?
a)
Glucose and oxygen
b)
Carbon dioxide and water
c)
Lactic acid
d)
Carbon monoxide
13.
How many ATP are produced in aerobic respiration?
a)
2
b)
33
c)
4
d)
36
14.
Which of the following structure is where cellular respiration occurs in the cell?
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
mitochondria
d)
vacuoles
15.
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
a)
6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
b)
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
c)
6CO2 + 6H2O -> 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
d)
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -> 6O2 + C6H12O6
16.
Anaerobic respiration.....
a)
doesn't require CO2
b)
requires CO2
c)
doesn't require oxygen
d)
requires oxygen
17.
What is cellular respiration?
a)
the breakdown of glucose  to release ATP
b)
the breakdown of glucose to release NADH
c)
the breakdown of glucose to release FADH
d)
the breakdown of glucose to release carbon
18.
 The expression "feel the burn" means that a person exercising is doing 
a)
lactic acid fermentation
b)
alcoholic fermentation
c)
photosynthesis
d)
aerobic respiration
19.
Where does anaerobic respiration occur?
a)
glucose molecule
b)
mitochondria
c)
cytoplasm
20.
The study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics 
a)
gene
b)
genetics 
c)
meiosis 
d)
hybrid 
21.
Genotype refers to the ...
a)
physical expression of the genes
b)
the possible combination of alleles in a gene
c)
whether an allele is dominant or recessive
d)
how an organism will appear
22.

having two of the same alleles for the trait (sometimes called purebred).

a)

homozygous

b)

hetrozygous

c)

protein

d)

chromosome

23.
Which answer best describes codominant alleles?
a)
Both are equally dominant
b)
Both are equally recessive
c)
Neither are dominant or recessive
24.
A red flowered plant (RR) is crossed with a white flowered plant (WW). The gene for petal color in these plants expresses incomplete dominance.  What percentage of the offspring will have pink (RW) flowers?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
25.
What type of inheritance do two alleles have if their traits blend together? 
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co-Dominance
26.
A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co dominance
27.
In chickens, feather color is codominant.  If a black chicken BB is mated with one that is black and white (BW) what are the chances of having a chicken that is black and white?
a)
50%
b)
0%
c)
25%
d)
100%
28.
In Andalusian fowls, black individuals (BB) and white individuals (bb) are homozygous. Heterozygous individuals are grey (Bb).  
Cross a black fowl with a white fowl. What is the phenotype ratio?
a)
4 black: 0 grey: 0 white
b)
2 black: 2 grey: 0 white
c)
0 black: 4 grey: 0 white
d)
0 black: 2 grey: 2 white
29.
A mode of reproduction in which an organism arises from two organisms and inherits half of its DNA from each parent
a)
Sexual Reproduction
b)
Asexual Reproduction
c)
Cloning
d)
Fragmentation
30.
The chromosomes that pair up during meiosis, are called __________ chromosomes.  
a)
homozygous 
b)
asexual
c)
homologous
d)
genes
31.
How many daughter cells are produced from meiosis ?
a)
10
b)
6
c)
4
d)
2
32.
This image shows chromosomes during Prophase 1. Which of the following correctly describes the process shown?
a)
segregation of sister chromatids
b)
condensation and segregation of alleles
c)
mutationin which the DNA content of the gene is altered
d)
crossing - over in which alleles are exchanged
33.

At the end of meiosis, sister chromatids are put into separate gametes. This process is called...?

a)

independent assortment

b)

crossing over

c)

segregation

d)

gametization

34.

During meiosis, homologous chromosomes line up at the centre of the cell. The order in which they do this is random and the process is called...?

a)

segregation

b)

independent assortment

c)

randomization

d)

crossing over

35.

Crossing over, independent assortment, and segregation all....

a)

make new genetic combinations

b)

decrease genetic diversity

c)

increase genetic diversity

d)

are very confusing

36.

Genes which are on the same chromosome, and therefore assort together, are called...

a)

sister genes

b)

connected genes

c)

same genes

d)

linked genes

37.

Linked genes will usually assort together unless...

a)

One is deleted

b)

A freak accident occurs

c)

Crossing over happens between them and separates them

d)

Aliens...

38.

The typical phenotype ratio you will have for a dihybrid cross that does NOT involve linked genes would be...

a)

9 dominant/dominant : 3 dominant/recessive : 3 recessive/dominant : 1 recessive/recessive

b)

3 dominant/dominant : 9 dominant/recessive : 3 recessive/dominant : 1 recessive/recessive

c)

9 dominant/dominant : 1 dominant/recessive : 1 recessive/dominant : 5 recessive/recessive

d)

9 dominant/dominant : 6 dominant/recessive : 6 recessive/dominant : 3 recessive/recessive

39.

If you heat an enzyme far past its optimal range it will...

a)

Slow down

b)

Speed up

c)

Denature

d)

Disappear

40.

The particle that binds to an enzyme and is changed by it is called a ........ and it binds at the ...........

a)

subtract : passive site

b)

substrate : active site

c)

product : active site

d)

molecule : passive site

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