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Unit 1: Approaches to Psychology

Total questions: 47

Worksheet time: 33mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which Harvard professor drafted the first textbook for teaching Psychology?
a)
John Watson
b)
Ivan Pavlov
c)
John Locke
d)
William James
2.
Who had the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany?
a)
William James
b)
Edward Titchner
c)
Wilhelm Wundt
d)
G. Stanley Hall
3.
Who studied unconscious and conscious behavior?
a)
Sigmund Freud
b)
B.F. Skinner
c)
Ivan Pavlov
d)
John B. Watson
4.
______________ was an early French philosopher who promoted a belief that the mind and body are two separate entities-called interactive dualism.
a)
John Locke
b)
Mary Calkins
c)
Rene Descartes
d)
Jean Piaget
5.
Which perspective would focus on the extent to which different styles of parenting are encouraged among various ethnic communities?
a)
cognitive
b)
psychodynamic
c)
social-cultural
d)
biological
6.
This individual conducted experiments on human behavior that measured the compliance to authority in opposition to normal human values.
a)
B.F. Skinner
b)
Stanley Milgram
c)
Abraham Maslow
d)
Sir Francis Galton
7.
Humanistic psychologists focused on the importance of
a)
childhood memories
b)
unconscious thoughts
c)
healthy growth potentional
d)
punishment and reinforcement
8.
approach in psychology in which the psychologist studies how unconscious motives & conflicts determines human behavior
a)
behaviorist
b)
functionalist
c)
structuralist
d)
psychoanalyst
9.
This person introduced the concept of using reinforcement to increase the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated. 
a)
Carl Rogers
b)
John Watson
c)
Ivan Pavlov 
d)
B.F. Skinner 
10.
What theory did the "Father of Psychology" create?
a)
Introspection
b)
Structuralism
c)
Behaviorism
d)
Psychoanalysis
11.
Who developed the theory of "Functionalism?"
a)
Wundt
b)
Titchener
c)
Freud
d)
James
12.
A statement that attempts to explain why things are the way they are and happen the way they do is ________________
a)
A principle
b)
A theory
c)
A Research
d)
A goal
13.
What science gave birth to Psychology?
a)
Biology
b)
Philosophy
c)
Sociology
d)
Math
14.
What is Psychology?
a)
The study of humans and their behavior. 
b)
The study of the psyche.
c)
The study of how humans think about the world. 
d)
The systematic study of human behavior and mental processing. 
15.
What is the first step in the Scientific Method?
a)
conducting a survey 
b)
forming the hypothesis 
c)
Forming the question
d)
naturalistic observation
16.

This philosopher believed that at birth the human mind is "tabula rasa" ?

a)

Socrates

b)

Plato

c)

Locke

17.

According to ____________psychology, people naturally seek out patterns or "wholes" in sensory information that is presented to them.

a)

Clinical

b)

Applied

c)

Gestalt

18.

The __________ method refers to a process for conducting an objective inquiry through data collection/research and analysis.

a)

investigative

b)

experimental

c)

scientific

19.

Memory, perception, learning, intelligence, language, and problem solving are all areas that are of particular interest to a __________ psychologist.

a)

humanistic

b)

cognitive

c)

industrial/organizational

20.

A psychologist that studies group behavior, in other words the behavior of people when they are with other people would be studying what type of psychology?

a)

Cognitive Psychology

b)

Social Psychology

c)

Clinical Psychology

21.
What is one disadvantage of a survey?
a)
Provides information about behavior that can’t be observed directly
b)
Yields a lot of information
c)
Provides a good way to generate hypotheses
d)
Can provide information about many people since it’s cheap and easy to do
22.
A descriptive technique of monitoring and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to change or control the situation is called
a)
random sampling.
b)
naturalistic observation.
c)
replication.
d)
the double-blind procedure.
23.
In which type of research is a representative random sample of people asked to answer questions about their behaviors or attitudes?
a)
experimentation
b)
the survey
c)
the case study
d)
naturalistic observation
24.
A representative sample is one that accurately reflects a larger
a)
control group.
b)
scatterplot.
c)
subfield.
d)
population.
25.
When every individual in a large population has a small but equal chance of being included in a survey, researchers are using a procedure known as
a)
the case study.
b)
the double-blind procedure.
c)
random sampling.
d)
operational definitions
26.
Suppose psychologists discovered that wealthy people are less satisfied with their marriages than poor people are. This would indicate that wealth and marital satisfaction are
a)
causally related.
b)
negatively correlated.
c)
independent variables.
d)
positively correlated.
27.
This is the best way to gather information on a large number of people.
a)
observation
b)
survey
c)
experiment
d)
cross-sectional study.
28.
One drawback to this research method is that you could lose contact with those who you are researching.
a)
Experimentation
b)
Naturalistic observation
c)
Cross sectional study
d)
Longitudinal study
29.
In the above experiment, which of the following groups is NOT exposed to treatment of the independent variable
a)
The control group
b)
Te experimental group
c)
Students with lower grades
d)
Students with higher grades
30.
Does the distance a person kicks a soccer ball affect how well they will do on their math test.  What is the dependent variable?
a)
How far they kick the soccer ball
b)
who the person is
c)
how well they do on the math test
d)
Type of soccer ball.
31.
Does the type of gasoline put in a car effect how fast the car can drive. What is the independent variable?
a)
Type of gasoline
b)
which car the gas is put into
c)
how fast the car can drive
d)
how much gas is put into the car
32.
Which of the following terms refers to a group that receives treatment with the independent variable?
a)
Constant group
b)
Control group
c)
Dependent group
d)
Experimental group
33.
Which of the following terms refers to the group that receives no treatment with the independent variable?
a)
Constant group
b)
Control group
c)
Dependent group
d)
Experimental group
34.
The Greek philosopher who believed that intelligence was inherited was
a)
Aristotle.
b)
Plato.
c)
Descartes.
d)
Simonides.
35.

The pursuit of knowledge about the natural phenomena for its own sake is an an example of...

a)

Basic Science

b)

Applied Science

36.

Applying the psychology of color in advertising to encourage certain responses for products is an example of ...

a)

Basic Science

b)

Applied Science

37.

Immediate cognition, or knowledge which is immediately evident without prior interference, evidence or justification.

a)

Intution

b)

Sense-Observation

c)

Reason

d)

Logic

38.

Which philosopher believed that reasoning allows us to go beyond the immediate experiences of our senses.

a)

Plato

b)

Aristotle

c)

Socrates

d)

Rene Descartes

39.

Process by which we can gain knowledge about the outside world.

a)

Sense Perception

b)

Reason

c)

Logic

d)

Intuititon

40.

This theory considers that the mind controls the physical brain, but allows the brain at times to influences the normally rational mind.

a)

Rationalism

b)

Monism

c)

Dualism

41.

Which psychologist identified three parts to personality that determine a person's psychological state?

a)

Sigmund Freud

b)

Abraham Maslow

c)

Rollo May

d)

Carl Rogers

42.

According to Freud, which part of the conscious mind contains ideas and emotions that people are aware of?

a)

Preconscious

b)

Conscious

c)

Unconscious

43.

According to Freud, which part of the mind hides most of a person's impulses, desires, and thoughts?

a)

Conscious Mind

b)

Preconscious Mind

c)

Unconscious Mind

44.

Which of the following is not an ethical principle as stated by the Belmont Report?

a)

Beneficence

b)

Repsect

c)

Compensation

d)

Justice

45.

According to the Belmont Report, this principle refers to 'maximizing good outcomes and avoiding unnecessary risk.

a)

Beneficence

b)

Justice

c)

Respect

46.

Which of the following is not a norm of scientific behavior?

a)

Valid Research Design

b)

Compensation for Injury

c)

Respect

d)

Selection of Subjects

47.

Which term refers to explicit agreement to participate.

a)

Infomed

b)

Voluntary

c)

Consent

d)

Compensation

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