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WorksheetsChapters 1 and 2 Review
Total questions: 70
Worksheet time: 1hrs 10mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Psychology is the:
a)
study of the brain.
b)
study of behaviors.
c)
scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
d)
study of the mind.
2.
The word "scientific" is important when defining psychology because:
a)
it makes the definition sound more professional.
b)
experiments are conducted in psychology.
c)
it makes the psychology field less credible.
d)
psychologists use the scientific method to verify their findings in research.
3.
Which of the following statements is true?
a)
Psychology is all about therapy.
b)
Psychology is exclusively about people with mental disorders.
c)
Psychology is the same as psychiatry.
d)
The enduring ideas in psychology are supported by research.
4.
Liam was diagnosed with depression and feels he would benefit from medication. Liam would need to make an appointment with a:
a)
clinical psychologist.
b)
psychiatrist.
c)
clinical social worker.
d)
counseling psychologist.
5.
Three big questions underlie the field of psychology. These questions include change or stability; universal or unique; and _____.
a)
cognitive or behavioral
b)
nature or nurture
c)
ethnic or cultural
d)
cultural or social
6.
Psychology emerged from two older academic fields. They are:
a)
philosophy and sociology.
b)
philosophy and physiology.
c)
sociology and science.
d)
history and sociology.
7.
_____ established the first psychology research lab and is widely considered to be the father of psychology.
a)
Sigmund Freud
b)
William James
c)
Wilhelm Wundt
d)
B.F. Skinner
8.
_____ is looking inside oneself and describing what is going on inside one's own mind.
a)
Investigation
b)
Introspection
c)
Discovery
d)
Psychology
9.
_____ is the process that focuses on breaking down mental processes into their most basic parts.
a)
Functionalism
b)
Structuralism
c)
Psychoanalysis
d)
Behaviorism
10.
Who is considered to be the father of American psychology?
a)
Sigmund Freud
b)
William James
c)
Wilhelm Wundt
d)
B.F. Skinner
11.
______ is a perspective that emphasizes the unconscious mind as well as the long-lasting influence of childhood experiences.
a)
Behaviorism
b)
Psychoanalysis
c)
Humanism
d)
Functionalism
12.
Psychoanalysis was created by:
a)
Wilhelm Wundt.
b)
William James.
c)
John Watson.
d)
Sigmund Freud.
13.
_____ is a professor who is credited for being the founder of behaviorism.
a)
William James
b)
John Watson
c)
Sigmund Freud
d)
Wilhelm Wundt
14.
_____ is a perspective in psychology that focuses on the idea that human nature is generally good and humans are naturally motivated to grow to their fullest potential.
a)
Humanism
b)
Psychoanalysis
c)
Behaviorism
d)
Functionalism
15.
There is a theory in psychology that recognizes that your brain and genetic inheritance AND your thoughts and feelings AND your family and culture all interact to explain your behavior. This theory is called the _____ theory.
a)
neurological
b)
evolutionary
c)
biopsychosocial
d)
positive
16.
_____ theory enables psychologists to consider multiple factors when explaining anxiety, rather than just one. This enables a more accurate and complete explanation of the anxiety.
a)
Biopsychosocial
b)
Neurological
c)
Clinical
d)
Evolutionary
17.
Ideas that the general public believes, but that have no basis in science, are called:
a)
pseudopsychology.
b)
physics.
c)
psychology.
d)
sociology.
18.
Psychologists are conducting _____ research when they are conducting scientific studies simply to describe a characteristic of the population.
a)
correlational
b)
experimental
c)
descriptive
d)
nondescriptive
19.
A researcher trying to determine the relationship between two variables is doing _____ research.
a)
descriptive
b)
nondescriptive
c)
correlational
d)
case study
20.
Researchers have discovered that people who have more education tend to make more money in their careers. They discovered this finding by doing _____ research.
a)
descriptive
b)
nondescriptive
c)
naturalistic observation
d)
correlational
21.
The statistic that measures the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables is called the _____.
a)
standard deviation
b)
correlational coefficient
c)
absolute deviation
d)
variation coefficient
22.
A _____ correlational coefficient means that as one variable goes up, the other variable goes up with it.
a)
positive
b)
negative
c)
direct
d)
weak
23.
A _____ correlational coefficient means that as one variable goes up, the other variable goes down and vice versa.
a)
positive
b)
negative
c)
direct
d)
weak
24.
The correlational coefficient that represents the strongest relationship is:
a)
-.92
b)
-.87
c)
+.87
d)
+1.02
25.
_____ is the mistaken belief that when two variables correlate strongly with each other, one variable made the other variable change.
a)
Confirmation bias
b)
Correlation-causation fallacy
c)
Authority fallacy
d)
Black-or-white fallacy
26.
In experimental research, the _____ is the variable that is measured to see if it changes due to changes in another variable.
a)
independent variable
b)
dependent variable
c)
confounding variable
d)
correlational variable
27.
In experimental research, the group of participants who receive the treatment that is the focus of the study is the _____ group.
a)
independent
b)
dependent
c)
experimental
d)
control
28.
In experimental research, a study when a participant is assigned to the experimental or the control group entirely by chance, is called _____.
a)
random assignment
b)
systematic assignment
c)
varied procedure
d)
systematic procedure
29.
Psychologists employ the _____ method when conducting research.
a)
scientific
b)
descriptive
c)
exploratory
d)
psychological
30.
When a researcher wants to discover what other researchers have already learned about their topic, the researcher conducts a _____.
a)
sample selection
b)
research review
c)
literature review
d)
research development
31.
A prediction, typically based on a theory, that can be tested in a study is known as a(n):
a)
idea.
b)
definition.
c)
hypothesis.
d)
observation.
32.
A specific, measurable definition of a variable for the purpose of a scientific study is known as a(n):
a)
idea definition.
b)
theory.
c)
hypothesis.
d)
operational definition.
33.
In psychological research, the subset of the population that actually participates in the research is called the:
a)
people.
b)
trials.
c)
sample.
d)
testers.
34.
_____ is when a researcher conducts a study again for the purpose of confirming or disconfirming the results.
a)
Reverification
b)
Theory verification
c)
Reanalysis
d)
Replication
35.
The name of the organization at each university or research center that protects the participants from harm is called the:
a)
American Psychological Association.
b)
Psychologists' Union.
c)
Institutional Review Board.
d)
American Psychiatric Association.
36.
Phineas Gage's brain injury and the autopsy on Paul Broca's stroke patient provided evidence for the idea of:
a)
localization.
b)
association areas.
c)
phrenology.
d)
the nervous system.
37.
Cells that facilitate communication within the nervous system are called:
a)
dendrites.
b)
neurons.
c)
axons.
d)
action potentials.
38.
The majority of the neurons in your brain:
a)
receive sensory input.
b)
serve as connections between neurons.
c)
send motor commands.
d)
facilitate reflexes.
39.
Interneurons:
a)
connect only to other nearby neurons.
b)
receive sensory signals from the outside world.
c)
send commands to the brain to initiate movement.
d)
support and protect other neurons.
40.
Sensory neurons are also called:
a)
afferent neurons.
b)
interneurons.
c)
efferent neurons.
d)
motor neurons.
41.
_____ send information to your brain from your senses.
a)
Efferent neurons
b)
Motor neurons
c)
Afferent neurons
d)
Glial cells
42.
Motor neurons are also called:
a)
afferent neurons.
b)
interneurons.
c)
efferent neurons.
d)
sensory neurons.
43.
_____ send information from your brain to your muscles.
a)
Sensory neurons
b)
Motor neurons
c)
Afferent neurons
d)
Glial cells
44.
A(n) _____ is an automatic motor response to sensory input.
a)
efferent
b)
afferent
c)
action potential
d)
reflex
45.
When Linda's doctor hits her knee with a small hammer, her knee involuntarily jerks forward. The involuntary movement of Linda's knee is a(n):
a)
spasm.
b)
contraction.
c)
action potential.
d)
reflex.
46.
The _____ is the central region of the neuron which performs the basic activities that keep it functioning properly.
a)
axon
b)
cell body
c)
myelin sheath
d)
synapse
47.
The _____ is the part of the neuron that carries information toward other neurons.
a)
cell body
b)
dendrite
c)
axon terminal
d)
axon
48.
Neurons send information via their _____ and receive information via their _____.
a)
axon terminals; dendrites
b)
dendrites; axon terminals
c)
synapse; dendrites
d)
dendrites; cell body
49.
The myelin sheath of a neuron:
a)
speeds its communication.
b)
slows its communication.
c)
covers the dendrites and axon terminals.
d)
restricts the reuptake process.
50.
Multiple sclerosis causes deterioration of a neuron's _____, which results in problems with movement and sensation.
a)
dendrites
b)
axon terminals
c)
myelin sheath
d)
neurotransmitters
51.
_____ are branches at the end of neurons that receive signals from other neurons.
a)
Axon terminals
b)
Synapses
c)
Dendrites
d)
Myelin sheaths
52.
A synapse is:
a)
a saclike container packed with neurotransmitters.
b)
a neurotransmitter receptor.
c)
the gap between neurons.
d)
a space between myelin on the axon.
53.
_____ are the chemical messengers that travel across the synapses between neurons.
a)
Synaptic vesicles
b)
Action potentials
c)
Neurotransmitters
d)
Hormones
54.
Endorphins are:
a)
saclike containers for neurotransmitters.
b)
openings for neurotransmitters in dendrites.
c)
spaces that neurotransmitters must cross between neurons.
d)
neurotransmitters involved in reducing pain and increasing pleasure.
55.
Which neurotransmitter is most involved in sleep?
a)
dopamine
b)
acetylcholine
c)
epinephrine
d)
serotonin
56.
The neurotransmitter that is MOST involved in the fight-or-flight response is:
a)
dopamine.
b)
GABA.
c)
epinephrine.
d)
serotonin.
57.
An _____ is a drug that enhances the impact of a neurotransmitter.
a)
efferent
b)
agonist
c)
afferent
d)
antagonist
58.
A drug that interferes with the impact of a neurotransmitter is called an:
a)
efferent
b)
agonist
c)
afferent
d)
antagonist
59.
An action potential is the:
a)
chemical transmission of information between two neurons.
b)
low-level electrical charge of an inactive neuron.
c)
firing of an electrical impulse in a neuron.
d)
waiting time during which a neuron is at rest.
60.
Localization refers to the idea that _____ particular behaviors or abilities.
a)
specific parts of the brain are responsible for
b)
the lobes of the brain work together to perform
c)
the two hemispheres of the brain are primarily responsible for
d)
each lobe of the brain is solely responsible for
61.
The main function of the brainstem is to:
a)
pass along sensory information to other brain areas.
b)
regulate movement and control coordination.
c)
maintain basic functions necessary for life.
d)
facilitate motivation and emotion.
62.
The _____ is the cluster of brain areas located near the center of the brain that is involved primarily in emotion.
a)
limbic system
b)
reticular activating system
c)
thalamus
d)
hypothalamus
63.
Which is true about the thalamus? The thalamus:
a)
is involved in motivation.
b)
is involved in sensation.
c)
surrounds the limbic system.
d)
is part of the cerebrum.
64.
The cerebral cortex is where:
a)
sensory information is processed.
b)
memories are formed and stored.
c)
basic vital functions are maintained.
d)
emotion and motivation is initiated.
65.
The corpus callosum is responsible for:
a)
synthesizing and interpreting information from the senses.
b)
connecting and allowing communication between the cerebral hemispheres.
c)
regulating and maintaining the vital functions necessary for life.
d)
forming and storing spatial and long-term memories.
66.
Split-brain surgery is typically used to treat:
a)
paralysis.
b)
aphasia.
c)
epilepsy.
d)
amnesia.
67.
The _____ lobe of the brain is responsible for complex thinking tasks, planning, purposeful actions, and other advanced functions.
a)
frontal
b)
parietal
c)
temporal
d)
occipital
68.
Neurogenesis is the:
a)
creation of new neurons.
b)
crossing of the synapse by neurotransmitters.
c)
revision of the purpose of existing neurons.
d)
result of damage to Wernicke's area.
69.
The _____ nervous system is made up of the brain and the spinal cord.
a)
central
b)
peripheral
c)
autonomic
d)
parasympathetic
70.
The peripheral nervous system:
a)
connects your brain to all parts of your body.
b)
regulates only the parts of the body controlled involuntarily.
c)
regulates only the parts of the body controlled voluntarily.
d)
connects the central nervous system to other parts of the body.
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