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AP Psychology - Social Psychology

Total questions: 71

Worksheet time: 1hrs 5mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of the following is the best definition of conformity?
a)
A change in behaviour or belief toward a group as a result of real or imagined group pressure
b)
A change in behaviour or belief as a result of direct pressure from a person in authority.
c)
Change in behaviour or belief as a result of indirect pressure from a person in authority.
d)
A change in behaviour or belief as a result of a direct request by someone with no authority.
2.
What term refers to the phenomenon in which a group of people are less likely to help out in an emergency than an individual? 
a)
Bystander Effect
b)
Diffusion of Responsibility 
c)
Conformity
d)
Assumption of Responsibility
3.
Which researcher's work was key to our understanding of obedience 
a)
Asch
b)
Milgram
c)
Eichmann
d)
Durkheim 
4.
Which researcher's work was key to our understanding of conformity? 
a)
Asch
b)
Milgram
c)
Eichmann
d)
Durkheim 
5.
What term best describes an actor in an experiment who is working for the researcher? 
a)
Confederate
b)
Participant
c)
Learner
d)
Subject
6.
What term means changing one's behavior in response to an authority figure's command?  
a)
Obedience
b)
Conformity 
c)
Peer pressure
d)
Evolution
7.
What term means acting in ways that fit with group norms and customs? 
a)
Obedience
b)
Conformity 
c)
Peer pressure
d)
Society
8.
What did the electric shock experiment show? 
a)
Most people will obey orders, even when it harms others. 
b)
Morality is more important to people than being obedient 
c)
Most people prefer social acceptance than to be correct. 
d)
Conformity can lead to obedience 
9.
Feelings, often based on our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events are called
a)
roles.
b)
norms.
c)
attitudes.
d)
attributions.
10.
The Stanford Prison experiment demonstrated
a)
the negative consequences of groupthink.
b)
how far people are willing to go when instructed to do something by an authority figure.
c)
the power that situations can have in changing how people feel, think, and behave.
d)
the boost that social facilitation can provide to individual performance.
11.
Repetition of the same arguments resulting in stronger attitudes in support of the majority view is an example of
a)
group polarization.
b)
role conflict.
c)
groupthink.
d)
social networking.
12.
The bystander effect increases with
a)
obedience of the crowd.
b)
the social facilitation of the crowd.
c)
the size of the crowd.
d)
the altruism of the crowd.
13.
The mental stress or discomfort caused ban individual experiencing inconsistency between thoughts and actions. 
a)
Cognitive Dissonance
b)
Groupthink
c)
Deindividuation
d)
Attitude
14.
The tendency to believe that people get what they deserve. 
a)
Bystander effect
b)
Proximity
c)
Discrimination
d)
Belief in a Just World
15.
Preferential or disadvantageous behavior toward an individual or group. 
a)
Obedience
b)
Prejudice
c)
Discrimination
d)
Other-race-effect
16.
"I don't like atheists" is an example of which concept?
a)
Stereotype
b)
Prejudice
c)
Discrimination
d)
Ethnocentrism
17.
The text defines social psychology as the scientific study of how people ________ one another.
a)
understand, feel about, and behave toward
b)
think about, influence, and relate to
c)
observe, understand, and communicate with
d)
understand, predict, and control
18.

The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity.

a)

Deindividuation

b)

Entitlement

c)

Group Dynamics

d)

Group Attitude

19.

Discrimination refers to negative _________________.

a)

beliefs

b)

behaviors

c)

attitudes

d)

dispositions

20.

Stanley Milgram focused his experiments on the theme of...

a)

conformity to the group.

b)

the nature of prosocial behavior.

c)

the influence of ascribed roles on behaviour.

d)

obedience to authority

21.

Asch's experiments focused on the question of...

a)

how people act out ascribed roles.

b)

what influences people to carry out antisocial behaviours.

c)

obedience to an authority figure.

d)

conformity in a group setting.

22.

Zimbardo's most famous experiment studied

a)

the power of roles and situations.

b)

conformity.

c)

obedience to authority.

d)

if people would help when in a group.

23.

Group polarization is the tendency for

a)

a group to become divided on an issue.

b)

a group's opinion to strengthen after talking with like-minded people.

c)

a group to become extreme in their viewpoints when challenged.

d)

agreeing with a group to keep everyone happy

24.
___ states that the more we see or experience of something, the more we will like it.
a)
The Social Thinking Theory
b)
Attraction
c)
The Mere Exposure Effect
d)
Foot in the Door 
25.

People get what they deserve is synonymous with

a)

just-world phenomenon

b)

scapegoat theory

c)

other-race effect

d)

social script

26.
What is the difference between members of an in-group and an out-group?
a)
Members of the in-group rely on members of the out-group for leadership.
b)
Members of the in-group set the agenda that members of the out-group must follow.
c)
Members of the in-group identify with each other, but not with members of the out-group.
d)
Members of the in-group are constantly seeking to join the members of the out-group.
27.
Albert Bandura would be best qualified to promote which of the following agendas?
a)
how parents can learn to avoid displaying aggressive behavior in front of their children
b)
how companies can prevent workers from social loafing
c)
how government agencies can avoid falling into groupthink
d)
how to prevent diffusion of responsibility from limiting altruism
28.
If a salesman convinced you to let him into your living room to talk about vacuum cleaners, he is using the
a)
cathartic effect.
b)
power of conformity
c)
groupthink dilemma.
d)
foot-in-the-door technique.
29.

The main task of the Solomon Asch studies was ____________________.

a)

judging line sizes

b)

selecting paint colors

c)

rating new fashions

d)

taste-testing new candies

e)

distinguishing facial expressions

30.

People who exert less effort on a task when working in a group than they do when working individually are engaging in ___________.

a)

social conformity

b)

social idleness

c)

groupthink

d)

malingering

e)

social loafing

31.

A teacher decides against assigning group projects in which all group members get the same grade. What social psychological phenomenon might the teacher be concerned about?

a)

social facilitation

b)

social loafing

c)

social influence

d)

social idleness

e)

conformity

32.

After agreeing to Nat’s request to share her lecture notes from one class, Maria now agrees to Nat’s request to share her notes from three classes. This example illustrates the ________technique.

a)

door-in-the-face

b)

foot-in-the-mouth

c)

all-in

d)

lowball

e)

foot-in-the-door

33.

The tendency of people to comply with a second, lesser request after refusing a larger one is called the ______ technique.

a)

door-in-the-face

b)

bait-and-switch

c)

all-in

d)

diminished cost

e)

lowball

34.

The study of obedience took on a renewed importance in the wake of ________.

a)

the atrocities committed by soldiers in Nazi Germany

b)

President Kennedy’s assassination

c)

President Clinton’s impeachment

d)

the election of Pope Francis

e)

the September 11, 2001 attacks

35.

What is a difference between obedience and conformity?

a)

In conformity, there is a perceived difference in status between the one who conforms and the group.

b)

In obedience, there is a difference in status between the one who obeys and the one who makes the request.

c)

Conformity requires strict adherence to the rules, whereas obedience does not.

d)

Obedience is an indirect request, whereas conformity is a direct request.

e)

Conformity involves agreeing to change in response to a request, whereas obedience involves an indirect request for agreement.

36.

Attitudes are __________________.

a)

unchangeable

b)

generally negative

c)

learned

d)

generally positive

e)

innate

37.

Which of the following is the correct definition of cognitive dissonance?

a)

the tendency for members of a close-knit group to put less effort into a simple task because they are working together

b)

the tendency for members of a group to avoid taking responsibility for their actions because they assume that others will do so

c)

a state of tension that occurs when a person’s behavior does not correspond to the his or her attitude

d)

the tendency for members of a close-knit group to think alike for the sake of harmony and to suppress disagreement

e)

a belief that a statement is true just because the person has heard it repeated over and over again

38.

Which of the following is an example of cognitive dissonance?

a)

You stop eating your favorite dessert to reduce fat in your diet

b)

You believe that reality TV is for morons but are addicted to Jersey Shore and watch every episode.

c)

You are a lousy cook but you keep trying different recipes.

d)

You dislike doing exercise but do it anyway to improve your health

e)

You are polite and civil to people you dislike.

39.

The issue of racial profiling has been a controversial topic in the United States for many years, and it was particularly widespread after the events of September 11, 2001. When an individual engages in profiling and assumes that one person must possess certain qualities because of their race or ethnicity, (s)he is engaging in _____________.

a)

attributing

b)

discrimination

c)

stereotyping

d)

categorizing

e)

social loafing

40.

The study of the judgments people make as to whether someone else’s behavior is due to something about that person or due to the person’s situation is called ______.

a)

cognitive dissonance

b)

the primacy effect

c)

social categorization

d)

stereotyping

e)

attribution theory

41.

Which statement is the best explanation of the fundamental attribution error?

a)

We attribute most of what people do to the influence of situations.

b)

We are more likely to attribute another’s behavior to external rather than to dispositional causes.

c)

We rely on the first information we receive to make internal attributions.

d)

We tend to attribute our successes to our own efforts and our failures to the shortcomings of others

e)

We are more likely to attribute another’s behavior to internal rather than to situational causes.

42.

Ralph, a white student who grew up in Maine, is about to enter the University of Southern California on an athletic scholarship. He is aware that many of his teammates will be black and assumes that they will dislike him and ostracize him. Ralph’s attitude is BEST described as an example of ______.

a)

impression formation

b)

ambiguity

c)

nonconformity

d)

prejudice

e)

discrimination

43.

Prejudice is a(n) _________, whereas discrimination is a(n) ________.

a)

behavior; attitude

b)

attitude; behavior

c)

dislike; hatred

d)

hatred; dislike

e)

response; cognition

44.

A bank loan officer thinks people who speak with an accent are lazy; consequently, he refuses to grant them loans. The loan officer’s belief is an example of _____ . His refusal to grant them loans is an example of _____.

a)

stereotyping; prejudice

b)

prejudice; discrimination

45.
What is the most effective strategy to reduce prejudice and us-them thinking?
a)
Having groups work together on a task requiring cooperation to reach a common goal
b)
Discouraging social contact between groups
c)
Establishing legal equality of all groups
d)
Education about social issues and diversity 
46.
The tendency to overestimate disposition & underestimate the situation when analyzing the behavior of others is known as ___.
a)
Disposition
b)
Fundamental Attribution Error
c)
General Adaptation Syndrome
d)
Emotional Blends
47.
___ states that the more we see or experience of something, the more we will like it.
a)
The Social Thinking Theory
b)
Attraction
c)
The Mere Exposure Effect
d)
Foot in the Door 
48.
The tendency for people to preform differently when in the presence of others, compared to when alone, is known as ___.
a)
Peer Pressure
b)
Acting
c)
Appearance
d)
Social Facilitation
49.
Tendency of people to feel less responsibility for accomplishing a task when the task is shared by members of a group.
a)
Diffusion of Responsibility
b)
Risk Shift
c)
polarization 
d)
Evaluation apprehension 
50.
Research on physical attractiveness has shown that 
a)
most people disregard physical attractiveness when forming first impressions of others 
b)
desirable personality characteristics are typically ascribed to good-looking people 
c)
good-looking people tend to be viewed as less intelligent and competent 
d)
men are less likely than women to make biased judgments of others based on physical appearance 
51.
One way to reduce intergroup conflict is to establish
a)
superordinate goals
b)
group polarization
c)
counterconformity
d)
diffusion of responsibility
52.
Which of the following explains the behavior of normally law-abiding people who act destructively when they are part of a crowd?
a)
group polarization
b)
mere exposure effect
c)
deindividuation
d)
fundamental attribution error
53.

The "fundamental attribution error" phenomenon can best be seen in which of the following examples

a)

John blames his failure to get a job on his lack of appropriate skills and ill preparedness

b)

Phyllis doesn't get the lead in the school play and blames her drama teacher for this failure.

c)

Jane blames herself for forgetting that she has a term paper due in two days

d)

Bill doesn't hire John bc he believes that John's lateness is a result of John's laziness & lack of respect for the job. In reality, John was late bc he got a flat tire on the way to the interview

e)

Karen understands that her friend is late because she was caught in rush hour traffic.

54.

In the Asch conformity experiments, which of these was NOT a consistent factor influencing the degree to which conformity to the group answer would be shown by the experimental subject?

a)

Unanimity of group opinion

b)

Size of the group

c)

The subject's perception of his/her social status

d)

Age of the subject

55.

A group of 5 students & a group of 3 students all roughly the same size & strength, engage in a game of tug of war. The game is equal for a long while, neither side immediately gaining an advantage. This is most likely an example of

a)

social loafing

b)

dehumanization

c)

conformity

d)

social faciliatation

56.

A child tries to get a raise on his weekly allowance. When he first approaches his parents, he asks for $100 per wk. His parents scoff & tell him this out of the question. Then, he asks for $50 per wk, & receives the same reply. Finally, he ask for $10 per wk & his parents agree. This is an example of

a)

foot in the door phenomenon

b)

central route of persuasion

c)

peripheral route of persuasion

d)

door in the face phenoomenon

57.

Stanley Milgram's study involving the "teacher", learner, & experimenter tested which of the following principles?

a)

Conformitity

b)

Groupthink

c)

Role playing

d)

obedience

58.

Albert Bandura's famous Bobo Doll experiment shows the power of

a)

Observation

b)

conformity

c)

hositle aggression

d)

instrumental aggression

59.

On Monday, Tonya asked her teacher to postpone Tuesday's test until Friday. After her teacher flatly refused Tonya asked the teacher to push the test back one day, to Wednesday. Tonya is using the compliance strategy known as

a)

foot in the door

b)

Norms of reciprocity

c)

strategic bargaining

d)

door in the face

60.

Jamie has always hated the color orange. However, once she became a student at Princeton, she began to wear a lot of orange Princeton Tiger clothing. The discomfort caused by her long standing dislike of the color orange & her current ownership of so much orange & black striped clothing is known as

a)

cognitive dissonance

b)

opposing conginitions

c)

inconsistent ideas

d)

conflicting motives

61.

When Paul had his first oboe solo in the orchestra concert, his performance was far worse than it was when he rehearsed at home. A phenomenon that helps explain Paul's poor performance is known as

a)

social loafing

b)

groupthink

c)

social inhibition (impairment)

d)

deindividuation

62.

On their second date, Mary confides in Frank that she still loves to watch Rugrats. He in turn, tells her that he still cries when he watches Bambi. These 2 young lovers will be brought closer together through this process of

a)

self disclosure

b)

in-group bias

c)

dual sharing

d)

deindividuation

63.

At first Jimmy did not like his teacher, but after sitting in this teacher's class for a number of weeks Jimmy as started to like his teacher. this new perspective would be an example of:

a)

Diffusion of responsibility

b)

Mere-exposure effect

c)

Ethnocentrism

d)

In-group bias

64.

Jimmy has constantly heard that he is not a good student, after a while starts to act how people percieve him. This recent behavioral change supports the

a)

Group polarization

b)

Self-fufilling prophecy

c)

Groupthink

d)

Social influence

65.

Jimmy is very quiet at school, but later that night at a party Jimmy gets 'crazy' and starts to cut the rug on the dance floor. Jimmy's classmates are stunned at this displayed behavior. Jimmy is experiencing:

a)

Group polarization

b)

The power of SSRI's

c)

Deindividuation

d)

Groupthink

66.
What is the difference between members of an in-group and an out-group?
a)
Members of the in-group rely on members of the out-group for leadership.
b)
Members of the in-group set the agenda that members of the out-group must follow.
c)
Members of the in-group identify with each other, but not with members of the out-group.
d)
Members of the in-group are constantly seeking to join the members of the out-group.
67.
You don’t like alcohol, but all your friends are drinking beer at a party so you do too. This is an example of
a)
groupthink.
b)
obedience.
c)
catharsis.
d)
conformity.
68.
According to the Robbers Cave experiment, an effective way to end hostilities between two groups would be to
a)
allow individuals in one group to administer electric shocks to members of the other group.
b)
set up a series of competitions between the two sides.
c)
designate one group as prisoners and one group as guards in a role-playing exercise.
d)
make them cooperate with each other to complete a task.
69.
The bystander effect increases with
a)
obedience of the crowd.
b)
the social facilitation of the crowd.
c)
the size of the crowd.
d)
the altruism of the crowd.
70.
Katie is sure that she was fired because her boss was a total jerk and didn't like her. 
What is this an example of? 
a)
Internal Attribution
b)
External Attribution
c)
Self-Serving Bias
d)
Self-Effacing Bias
71.
Stephanie Wilson knows that she was able to become an astronaut because of her excellent ability to innovate and solve problems. 
What is this an example of? 
a)
Self-Effacing Bias 
b)
Self-Serving Bias
c)
External Attribution
d)
Internal Attribution

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