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SMHS Earth Science Unit 5 Water

Total questions: 66

Worksheet time: 3595secs

Name
Class
Date
1.
Why is MOST of the freshwater on Earth not available for our use?
a)
All freshwater on Earth is easily accessible for use.
b)
It is frozen in the icecaps and glaciers.
c)
It is surface water.
d)
It is underground.
2.
The ability of a material to transmit water through interconnected pores is called
a)
capacity
b)
competence
c)
permeability
d)
porosity
3.
Which is most likely an example of point source pollution?
a)
fertilizer sprayed onto a field
b)
water runoff from a city street 
c)
a pipe flowing into a river
4.
Ocean's cover what percent of the Earth's surface?
a)
70 %
b)
60 %
c)
10 %
d)
none of the above
5.

Which of the following is not a permeable surface?

a)

soil

b)

sand

c)

asphalt

d)

moss

6.
What is the energy source for the water cycle?
a)
the sun
b)
the earth
c)
water
d)
the moon
7.
Snow, sleet, hail, and rain are all examples of  ________________. 
a)
evaporation
b)
condensation
c)
accumulation
d)
precipitation
8.
What is it called when plants give off water vapor as a waste product?
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
sublimation
d)
transpiration
9.
What is the process during which water cools and turns from a gas to a liquid?
a)
Codensation
b)
Runoff
c)
Precipitation
d)
Evaporation
10.

water entering or sinking into the ground

a)

Runoff

b)

Infiltration

c)

Ground Water

d)

Water Table

11.

water that cannot infiltrate will move along Earth's surface to streams, creeks, etc.

a)

Runoff

b)

Infiltration

c)

Ground Water

d)

Water Table

12.

subsurface water that is found beneath the water table

a)

Runoff

b)

Infiltration

c)

Ground Water

d)

Water Table

13.

boundary between the zone of aeration and zone of saturation

a)

Ground Water

b)

Water Table

c)

Vadose Zone

d)

Infiltration

14.

% of open space in a material compared to its total volume

a)

Permeability

b)

Porosity

c)

Relative humidity

d)

Capillarity

15.

the degree to which a liquid can pass through a material

a)

Porosity

b)

Permeability

c)

Capillarity

d)

Rate of permeability

16.

The primary source for most water on land comes from the evaporation of water from..

a)

Ground Water

b)

Oceans

c)

Lakes

d)

Plants

17.

Portion of the soil above the water table in which pores are partly filled with water and mostly filled with air.

a)

Zone of Saturation

b)

Bedrock

c)

Zone of Aeration

d)

Ground Water

18.

Portion of the soil below the water table in which pores are filled with ground water

a)

Zone of Saturation

b)

Bedrock

c)

Zone of Aeration

d)

Top Soil

19.
Layers of rock or soil that allow water to flow through are called...
a)
aquifers
b)
lakes
c)
reservoirs
d)
watersheds
20.
What percentage of water on Earth is salt water?
a)
55
b)
71
c)
84
d)
97
21.
Most of Earth's fresh water is found
a)
Frozen in glaciers
b)
Underground
c)
In the Great Lakes
d)
In Oceans
22.
The term used to describe water leaving Earth's surface is
a)
Evaporation
b)
Condensation
c)
Precipitation
d)
Accumulation
23.
What is the water that fills the cracks and spaces in underground soil and rock layers called?
a)
Groundwater
b)
Water Table
c)
Precipitation
d)
Snow
24.

Huge, slow-moving mass of ice and snow

a)

glacier

b)

well

c)

geyser

d)

river system

25.

Man-made hole drilled below the water table

a)

glacier

b)

well

c)

geyser

d)

river system

26.

Type of hot spring that is forced out of cracks in the rock

a)

glacier

b)

well

c)

geyser

d)

river system

27.

Location where groundwater flows out of cracks in the rock

a)

aquifer

b)

natural spring

c)

wetlands

d)

lake

28.

Area of land that is covered with shallow layer of water

a)

aquifer

b)

natural spring

c)

wetlands

d)

lake

29.

5. What are two ways to extend the limited supplies of freshwater?

a)

Driving trains and riding bicycles

b)

Planting grass and watering trees

c)

Cleaning oceans and saving fish

d)

Preventing pollution and cleaning water

30.

A diagram of the water cycle is shown.


Evaporation occurs because energy is transferred from which source?

a)

the sea

b)

the sun

c)

the trees

d)

the wind

31.

The water cycle describes the movement of the water of Earth. About 97% of the water of Earth is the salt water found in the oceans while the remaining 3% is fresh water. Where would the majority of the fresh water on Earth be found?

a)

groundwater and aquifers

b)

swamps and wetlands

c)

ice caps and glaciers

d)

lakes and rivers

32.

When water vapor rises and cools, the liquid water in the air comes together forming...

a)

wind.

b)

clouds.

c)

lightening.

d)

tornadoes.

33.

The water in the western Pacific Ocean becomes warmer during the El Niño season (period of ocean warming). The water becomes warmer as a result of the relaxing of winds and a change in wind direction.


Which process in the water cycle is directly affected by the warming of the ocean water?

a)

collection

b)

evaporation

c)

precipitation

d)

runoff

34.

In the diagram, transpiration is represented by which numbered area?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

35.

Which factor has the greatest effect on a community’s supply of fresh water?

a)

the location of the nearest ocean

b)

the average annual rainfall

c)

the location of the nearest mountain

d)

the average winter temperature

36.

Which process is occurring at the arrow labeled 4?

a)

evaporation

b)

precipitation

c)

transpiration

d)

condensation

37.

Identify the image where collection is NOT occurring.

a)
b)
c)
d)
38.
What is the name of the point where a river ends?
a)
Tributary
b)
Water Shed
c)
Confluence
d)
Mouth 
39.

All the land that drains into the river, either directly or through its tributaries

a)

A. Watershed

b)

B. Discharge

40.
A river which flows into another river is called a:
a)
Confluence
b)
Tributary
c)
Watershed
d)
Drainage Basin
41.
A meander is best described as ...
a)
A straight section of the river.
b)
A winding section of a lake.
c)
A section of the river that joins another river.
d)
A winding section of a river.
42.
What is a delta?
a)
Area of water
b)
fan shaped mass of material deposited at the mouth of a stream
c)
slope of land
d)
sediments deposited at a river
43.
An embankment built to prevent the overflow of a river is called a 
a)
delta
b)
mouth
c)
divide
d)
levee
44.
In a meander (curve) where can you expect to have erosion?
a)
Inside the curve
b)
Outside the curve
45.
In a meander (curve) where you can expect to have sediments deposited?
a)
Inside the curve
b)
Outside the curve
46.

Which stream channel would have the greater velocity

a)

A river on a flat gradient with many meanders

b)

A river on a steep gradient with low discharge

c)

A river on steep gradient with a straight channel

d)

A river on a flat gradient with a straight channel

47.

Which of the following would NOT help control flooding

a)

Draining the river

b)

Levees

c)

Flood control dam

d)

Limits on floodplain development

48.
Sunken land surface due to underlying compression of earth material.
a)
drainage
b)
runoff
c)
subsidence
d)
aquifer
49.
pollutants entering waterways from a general area, such as runoff from farmland or suburban communities
a)
Pollution
b)
Point Source Pollution
c)
Non-point Source Pollution
d)
Turbidity
50.
How could pesticides get into lakes and streams?
a)
too much could be used
b)
it could be sprayed too close to a stream
c)
rain could wash pesticides into a stream
d)
all of the above
51.
If gasoline or oil or trash goes into a storm drain in the street, it goes directly...
a)
to the sewage treatment plant
b)
into the stream
c)
to groundwater
d)
none of the above
52.
Water with high turbidity 
a)
is cloudy and hard to see through
b)
is clear
53.
What is A?
a)
Evaporation
b)
Condensation
c)
Precipitation
d)
Runoff
54.
What is B?
a)
Evaporation
b)
Condensation
c)
Precipitation
d)
Runoff
55.
The total amount of water on Earth
a)
is becoming greater
b)
stays about the same
c)
is becoming less
d)
depends on the weather
56.
When gravity causes water to flow downhill as surface water and all the "stuff" that it carries with it
a)
Groundwater
b)
Surface water
c)
Divide
d)
Runoff
57.
The area that is drained by a river and all the streams that empty into it
a)
Water table
b)
Divide
c)
Watershed
d)
Delta
58.
High turbidity indicates poor water quality because
a)
it clogs the gills of aquatic animals and makes it difficult to breathe
b)
it makes it hard for sun to get to the aquatic plants
c)
it makes it hard for aquatic animals to find their food
d)
all are reasons high turbidity indicates poor water quality
59.
Which of the following is an effect of excess fertilizer washing into streams and lakes?
a)
the pH is too low for plants and animals
b)
cooler water holds more oxygen
c)
increased sediment reduces oxygen
d)
algae "blooms", leading to lower oxygen
60.
What river feature does this picture show?
a)
Oxbow Lake
b)
Meander
c)
Estuary
d)
Tributary
61.
What river feature does this image show?
a)
Meander
b)
Oxbow Lake
c)
Tributary
d)
Headwaters
62.
What does this image show?
a)
Oxbow Lake
b)
Headwaters
c)
Runoff
d)
Delta
63.
Bits of eroded rock are called
a)
Divides
b)
Runoff
c)
Sediment
d)
Levees
64.
Define tributaries
a)
small rivers or streams that flow into a large river or stream
b)
a natural stream of water of considerable volume
c)
precipitation that flows over the land to streams
d)
a continuous ridge that separates a watershed
65.
A flat area next to the stream that gets sediment when the river overflows its banks
a)
floodplain
b)
drainage basin
c)
tributary
d)
channel
66.
When a river flows out of a steep, narrow mountain valley a ______ forms
a)
alluvial fan
b)
delta
c)
moraine
d)
slump

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