WorksheetsStudy Guide for art
Total questions: 57
Worksheet time: 29mins
Most protist are
prokaryotes
unicellular
archaebacteria
anaerobic
Fungi do NOT?
carry out photosynthesis
grow on their food source
digest food outside their bodies
absorb food through their cell walls
Which kingdom includes adiverse group of uncellular (some multicellular) eukayotic organisms that do not fit into any other kingdom?
fungi
plantae
animalia
protista
A species at equilibrium migrates into a new environment and soon begins period of rapid evolution. The type of evolution that occurred is most likely
adaptive radiation
genetic mutation
coevolution
convergent evolution
In a fox population, the allele frequency of a gene for red fur changes from 20 percent to 30 percent. What can you say about that population of foxes?
the population is expanding
the population is evolving
the population is decreasing
the population is not evolving
The two domains composed of only unicellular organisms are
eubacteria and archaea
eukarya and bacteria
archaea and bacteria
archaea and eukarya
The theory of evolution is based upon what general principle
the most fit organisms survive to reproduce
individuals must adapt to environmental changes
all organisms will eventually adapt to changes
mutations generally produce stronger organisms
Which kingdom contains heterotrophs with cell walls of chitin
protista
fungi
plantae
animalia
A certain species of plant is only pollinated by one species of math. The plant serves as the only food for the larvae of this moth. over a period of several years a disease killed all of the plant populations. As a result of the plant disease, which of these scenarios MOST LIKELY to occur in the moth population?
the moth larvae will try to enter the adult stage more quickly
the moth population will eventually become extinct
the moth larvae will quickly adapt to eat other plants
the moth population will evolve to form a new species
Natural selection acts directly on
alleles
genes
phenotypes
mutations
Which one of these facts about mitochondria and chloroplasts constitutes support for the endosymbiotic theory?
their DNA resembles bacterial RNA
their ribosomes resemble the ribosomes of bacteria
they are organelles that are found within plant cells
they reproduce by mitosis
The endosymbiotic theory proposes that mitochondria in eukaryotic cells arose from
endosymbiotic eukayotes that metabolized oxygen
endosymbiotic eukaryotes that were photosynthetic
endosymbiotic prokaryotes that metabolized oxygen
endosymbiotic prokarotes that were photosynthetic
Fungus like protists get nutrients by
photosynthesis
living as an animal parasite
absorbing them from dead or decaying matter
none of the above
Adaptation refers to gradual changes in a group of organisms that are necessary for species to survive. Adaptation is the result of
homoeostasis
inbreeding
extinction
inheritable differences
In humans , the pelvis and femur, or thigh bone, are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur shown in figure 16-1 are
examples of fossils
vestigal structures
acquired traits
examples of natural variation
A population of mosquitoes is sprayed with new insecticide. Most of the mosquitoes are killed but a few survive. In the next generation, the spraying continues, but still more mosquitoes hatch that are unaffected by the insecticide. Which of the following best explains these results?
the insecticide caused the mosquitoes to develop an immune response that was inherited
the insecticide caused a mutation in genes of the mosquitors that were resistant
the mosquitoes learned how to fight the insecticide
A few mosquitoes in the first population were resistant to the insecticide and passed that trait on their offspring.
Which characteristics of a population would most likely indicate the lowest potential for evolutionary change?
asexual reproduction with many mutations
sexual reproduction with many mutations
sexual reproduction with few mutations
asexual reproduction with few mutations
The Florida panther, a member of the cat family, has a population of fewer that 100 individuals and has limited genetic variation. Which inference base on this information is valid?
Overtime, these animals will become more likely to be resistant to disease
Overtime, these animals will become less likely to survive in a changing environment
these animals will begin to evolve rapidly
these animals are easily able to adapt to the environment
More than 1.5 million species of animals have described, yet all of them have DNA that is made of the same building blocks. This evidence that all animals have
similar apperances
a common ancestor
the exact same DNA sequences
identical fossils
All fungi are
heterotrophic prokaryotes
heterotrophic eukaryotes
autotrophic prokaryotes
Autotrophic eukaryotes
Gymnosperms reproductive structures are
flowers
spores
cones
fruits
The term "evolution" is best described as
a process which organisms become extinct
the replacement of one community by another
a change in a population over time
the reproductive isolation of members of certain species
The way a plant or animal species adjusts to the environment is known as
Variation
Existence
Behavior
Adaptation
All organisms in the kingdoms Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia are
multicellular organisms
phototsynthetic organisms
eukaryotes
prokaryotes
The domain that contains unicellular organisms that live in extreme environments is
Eubacteria
Eukarya
Archaea
Bacteria
Which of the following statements is correct?
Phytoplankton are important to organisms because they consume zooplankton
Phytoplankton are imprortant to aquatic ecosystems because they provide energy for all other aquatic organisms.
Phytoplankton are important to aquatic ecosystems because they break down dead decaying fish
Phytoplankton are not important to any ecosystem
Which of the following statements are incorrect
Plants help provide clean water and play a major role in nutrient cycling
Plants provide food and habitats for many organisms
Plant are important to humans because they provide food, medicines, habitat, clean water, and prevent soil erosion
Plants are decomposers and break down dead decaying matter
Plants are essential to all living things found on land
In the early stages of development, the embryos of dogs, pigs, and humans resemble one another. This observation suggest that these animals may have
similar habitat requirements
the same blood components
a similar number of chromosomes
a common ancestry
According to Darwin's theory of natural selection, the individuals that tend to survive are those that have
characteristics their parents acquired by use and disuse
characteristics that plant and animal breeders value
the greatest number of offspring
variations best suited to environmental conditions
Unlike plant cells, animal cells do not have
nuclei
organelles
cell walls
cell membranes
Species adapt to changes in their environment through which process?
extinction
evolution
migration
mating
Speciation can occur as a result of geographic isolation, because
all of the above
populations that live in different environments may be exposed to different selection pressures
members of a species can no longer find mates
the biological concept of species defines non-interbreeding individuals as members of different species
Which of the following adaptations is most likely the result of coevolution?
a short strong beak in a bird that eats seeds
a crop in a migratory bird that eats seeds
a narrow beak in a bird that eats insects
a curved beak in a bird that eats from a single species of flower
If a mutation introduces a new skin color in a lizard population, which factor might determine whether the frequency of the new allele will increase?
whether the mutation makes some lizards more fit for their environment than other lizards
whether the mutation was caused by nature or by human intervention
how many other alleles are present
how many phenotypes the population has
If the actual allele frequencies in a population do not match genotype frequencies predicted by the Hardy- Weinberg equation, the populations is
extinct
evolving
isolated
shrinking
Which of the folloing conditions is required for Hardy- Weinberg genetic equilibrium ( Check all that apply)
No mutations
No movement in or out of the population
small population
immigration only
infinitely large population
The Australian flying phalanger is marsupial flying squirrel. Its apperance, behavior, environment and diet closely resemble those of the American flying squirrel, a placental mammal. This resemblance is most likely due to
adaptive radiation
convergent evolution
coevolution
gradualism
Five hundred grasshoppers of one species were sprayed with a new insecticide. Twenty four hours later nearly all the grasshoppers are dead. A few, however, survived. This outcome illustrates which one of Darwins's key ideas?
There are variations among individuals within a species
New species develop from survivors
All living things come from pre- existing living things
animals adapt to new environments
The type of genetic drift that follows the colonization of a new habitat by a small group of individuals is called
a founder effect
Hardy- Weinburg principle
directional selection
stabilizing selection
One end of figure 17-1 shows an increase in average beak size for a population of birds. When individuals at only one end of a bell curve of phenotyoe frequencies have high fitness, the result is
directional selection
stabilizing selection
disruptive selection
genetic drift
Are important role of fungi in an ecosystem is
photosynthesis
breaking down dead organisms
making alcohol
killing bacteria
What type of population is most susceptible to loss variability as a result of genetic drift?
small populations
populations that fluctuate in size
medium- sized populations
large populations
Most fungi reproduce
asexually
sexually
both sexually and asexually
by budding
The domain that corresponds to the kingdom Eubacteria is
Archaea
Bacteria
Eukarya
fungi
Which of the following claims is best supported by the above data
humans evolved from monkeys
humans are more closely related to Rhesus Monkeys than chimpanzees
Proteins produced by chimpanzees and humans are identical to each other. Therefore these organisms differ in characteristics that are not determined by proteins.
Chimpanzees are more closely related to humans to humans that Rhesus Monkeys
Which of the following statements describes the process of natural selection?
Individuals survive that have inherited traits adapted to their environments
New species are formed via genetic engineering
Populations sharing the same gene pool interbreed and create new species
Farmers slect animals with desirable variations for breeding
What is pictured above?
Homologous structures
Vestigal structures
Analogous structures
none of the above
Modern sea star larvae resemble some primitive vertebrate larvae. This similarity may suggest that primitive vertebrates
share a common ancestor with sea stars
evolved from sea stars
evolved before sea stars
belong to the same species as sea stars
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all plants?
are eukaryotic
have cell walls
produce seeds
are multicellular
Both fungi and bacteria are important to the environment because
they recycle nutrients and break down dead decaying matter
they are autotrophic
they provide habitats for many organisms
they are not that important. Life would be maintained if all fungi and bacteria were no longer on earth
Both a, b, & c
Which of the above vertebrates are least related
turtle and human
fish and salamander
sheep and human
salamander and human
The island of aldabra lies 400 kilometers off the coast of Africa and is home to the Aldabra Rail, a long-legged wetland bird. The aldabra tail is fightless and much different from rails living on the mainland. This bird became distinctly different species through
temporal isolation
behavioral isolation
mechanical isolation
geographic isolation
A plant is a
unicellular prokaryote
multicellular prokaryote
unicellular eukaryote
multicellular eukaryote
In the late 1800's elephant seaps were hunted to near extincion down to only 20 individuals. The population has since recovered, but the genetic variation in the population has been greatly reduced. This is referred to as
genetic drift
gene flow
articfical selection
natural selection
A single species of squirrels evolved over time into two species, each on opposite sides of the Grand Canyon. This change was most likely due to
higher mutation rates on one side
the isolation of the two groups
differences in reproductive rates
low genetic diversity in the intial population
James Hutton's and Charles Lyell's work was important to Darwin because these scientists
explained volcanoes and earthquakes
explained all geologic events on earth
suggested that earth was old enough for evolution to have occurred
refuted the work of Lamarck, which was based on misunderstandings
Which group of plants have flowers as their reproductive structure, have an interdependent relationship with animals?
Angiosperms
Gymnosperms
Brophytes
Phytoplakton
