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Barrientos Midterm FINAL Review

Total questions: 200

Worksheet time: 4hrs 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The cell has been placed in a solution. Which statement best describes the solution the cell it is placed in and what will happen to the cell?

a)

The solution is isotonic and the cell will stay the same

b)

The solution is hypertonic and the cell will shrivel

c)

The solution is hypotonic and the cell will swell

d)

The solution is hypertonic and the cell will swell

2.

How do viruses reproduce? pg 3.2

a)

They copy their own genetic material inside a protein coat.

b)

They kill a cell and reproduce inside it.

c)

They invade a living cell and use the cell's functions to replicate their genetic material.

d)

They do not reproduce because they are not technically living things.

3.

What do viruses and cells have in common?

a)

reproduce by means of conjugation

b)

reproduce by means of meiosis

c)

contain genetic material

d)

are both alive

4.

Which cell part is present in eukaryotic cells, but not in prokaryotic cells? pg.2.14

a)

cell membrane

b)

cell wall

c)

cytoplasm

d)

nucleus

5.

This virus affects the respiratory system, can be transferred through the air, and mutates at a rapid rate.

a)

hiv

b)

influenza

c)

H1N1

d)

SARS

6.
Which of the following is a possible result of a disruption in the cell cycle?
a)
cancer
b)
photosynthesis
c)
cellular respiration
d)
protein synthesis
7.

Which biomolecule does this image best represent?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

8.

Which organic macromolecules are composed of chains of amino acids that join to form the structural components of organisms? pg 1.30

a)

carbohydrates

b)

nucleic acids

c)

proteins

d)

lipids

9.

This biomolecule is a product of photosynthesis and is used as a quick energy source...

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

10.

What will most likely be the result if all of the mitochondria are removed from a plant cell? pg 3.11

a)

It will be unable to carry out respiration.

b)

It will lose water through osmosis.

c)

It will break down ribosomes in the cell

d)

It will be unable to photosynthesize.

11.

This macromolecule serves as the main component of this organelle.

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

12.
What process best explains how a nerve cell and a muscle cell can both develop from the same fertilized egg?
a)
differentiation
b)
natural selection
c)
selective breeding
d)
genetic engineering
13.

This virus attacks the immune system of individuals primarily the T cells and renders the immune system helpless against other pathogens.

a)

hiv

b)

influenza

c)

H1N1

d)

SARS

14.
During strenuous exercise, body temperature increases. The body responds to the increase in temperature by sweating, which helps to reduce the body temperature. Which is demonstrated in this situation?
a)
excretion
b)
metabolism
c)
homeostasis 
d)
synthesis
15.
Autotroph or heterotroph?
a)
Autotroph
b)
Heterotroph
16.

What is the capsid of a virus? pg. 3.10

a)

the disease it causes

b)

the receptors to which it binds

c)

the genetic material

d)

its protein coat

17.
Symbiotic relationship in which one organism is harmed while the other one benefits:
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
d)
niche
18.

What is the function of autotrophs in the carbon cycle? pg 3.18

a)

to use oxygen to produce glucose

b)

to take in excess water

c)

to use carbon dioxide to produce glucose

d)

to feed on herbivores

19.
The cell wall and chloroplasts are only found in...
a)
plant cells
b)
animal cells
c)
fungi
d)
none of the above
20.
Two different populations of birds live in the same area and eat the same types of food. Which most likely describes the relationship between these two populations of birds? 
a)
competition
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predator-prey
21.
In eukaryotic cells, the DNA is found in the
a)
mitochondria
b)
golgi apparatus
c)
cell wall
d)
nucleus
22.

What type of organic molecules are enzymes? pg2.4

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

nucleic acids

d)

proteins

23.
What group of organic compounds is represented by this molecular structure
a)
Lipids
b)
Proteins
c)
Carbohydrates
d)
Nucleic Acids
24.

A freshwater plant is placed in a container of saltwater. What will most likely happen to the cells of the plant? pg2.35

a)

They will swell because water will move into them.

b)

They will swell because salt will move into them

c)

They will shrink because water will move out of them.

d)

They will shrink because salt will move out of them.

25.
Which macromolecule is shown?
a)
lipid
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
carbohydrate
26.

RNA and DNA are which type of organic compound? pg. 1.43

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Nucleic Acids

d)

Proteins

27.
Letter E...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
28.
Which is the most likely function of a group of cells that contain a high number of chloroplasts?
a)
Respiration
b)
Transpiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Fermentation
29.
On organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur.
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
weoow weoow weoow
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Cell Wall
30.
A researcher is studying a particular disease-causing agent. The agent has a protein coat, but it lacks a nucleus, contains no other organelles, and can reproduce only when it is inside an animal cell. The researcher should classify the agent as which of the following?
a)
A bacterium
b)
A fungus
c)
A virus
d)
A protist
31.

Which cellular organelle is represented by the diagram?

a)

ribosome

b)

centriole

c)

plasma membrane

d)

cell wall

32.
Energy for most chemical reactions in cells is supplied by which of the following molecules?
a)
DNA
b)
ATP
c)
RNA
d)
Hemoglobin 
33.
Letter C...
a)
active site
b)
enzymes
c)
substrate
d)
products
34.
Which pair of structures best shows that plant cells have functions different from animal cells?
a)
Cytoplasm and mitochondria
b)
Chloroplasts and cell wall
c)
Ribosome and golgi
d)
Nucleus and cell membrane
35.

The image describes what? pg3.7

a)

The lysogenic viral cycle

b)

The lytic viral cycle

c)

The cell Cycle

d)

Mitosis

36.

This macromolecule is the place where genetic material is stored.

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

37.

The projections on the outer coating of this virus are used for what? pg3.4

a)

They are used for protection

b)

They are used for attacking viruses and cells

c)

They are used to attach to host cells

d)

They are used to identify its enemies

38.
Are viruses living or nonliving? 
a)
Nonliving because they cannot reproduce on their own
b)
living because they spread
c)
living because they contain genetic material
d)
nonliving because they do not have genetic material
39.

I make proteins for the cell. What am I? pg 2.20

a)

ribosome

b)

mitochondria

c)

chloroplast

d)

lysosome

40.
In the cell, what organelles synthesizes proteins?
a)
the nucleolus
b)
the cytoplasm
c)
the ribosomes
d)
cells don't make proteins
41.

pg 2.14

a)

Eukaryote

b)

Prokaryote

42.
A cell in an isotonic solution will
a)
swell
b)
shrink
c)
stay the same size
d)
impossible to tell
43.
a)

Eukaryote

b)

Prokaryote

44.
Which is true about active transport?
a)
It requires energy
b)
it does not require energy
c)
It moves substances down the concentration gradient
d)
it moves material from high to low concentration
45.

Complex cell. Can be plant or animal. Contains membrane bound organelles. pg. 2.14

a)

Eukaryotic Cell

b)

Prokaryotic Cell

c)

Bacteria

d)

Blood cell

46.
The main source of energy for all life comes from ____.
a)
the Earth
b)
the moon
c)
the sun
d)
the food we eat/make
47.
What are the products of photosynthesis?
a)
Carbon dioxide and water
b)
Carbon dioxide and oxygen
c)
Glucose and oxygen
d)
Glucose and water
48.
Which gas is removed from the atmosphere during photosynthesis?
a)
hydrogen
b)
oxygen
c)
nitrogen
d)
carbon dioxide
49.
What is the molecule called that mitochondria produce when they break down glucose?
a)
ATP
b)
ADP
c)
DNA
d)
80p
50.
What is one of the reactants of cellular respiration?
a)
energy
b)
glucose
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
water
51.
C6H1206 + O2  ----> CO2 + H2O + 36 ATP is the general equation for ___________
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Cellular Respiration
c)
Mitosis
d)
Anaerobic Respiration
52.
All living organisms are made up of ____.
a)
Cells
b)
Bacteria
c)
Organs
d)
Tissue
53.
Storing energy long term and providing insulation to maintain body heat are important functions of 
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
proteins
d)
nucleic acids
54.
Providing the main source of energy for cells and structural support for plants are important functions of 
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
proteins
d)
nucleic acids
55.
Storing and transmitting genetic information is the main function of 
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
proteins
d)
nucleic acids
56.
Amino acids link together to form the polymer
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
proteins
d)
nucleic acids
57.
Enzymes speed up chemical reaction by 
a)
destroying products
b)
lowering activation energy
c)
increasing activation energy 
d)
allowing reactions to process at their own speed
58.
Enzymes are
a)
nucleic acids
b)
proteins
c)
lipids
d)
carbohydrates
59.
What does monosaccharide mean?
a)
two sugars
b)
one sugar
c)
many sugar
d)
one carbohydrate
60.

What is the function of nucleic acids?

a)

store energy (long-term)

b)

store genetic information

c)

store energy (short-term)

d)

build skin, hair, nails, muscles

61.

What is the first step of a scientfi c investigation?

a)

perform the experiment

b)

analyze the experimental data

c)

formulate a hypothesis

d)

state the problem

62.

The building blocks of both DNA and RNA molecules are known as

a)

amino acids

b)

nucleotides

c)

hydrocarbons

d)

polysaccharides

63.

The ribosome is an organelle that functions in the process of

a)

phagocytosis

b)

pinocytosis

c)

protein synthesis

d)

cellular respiration

64.

Which cell organelle is involved most directly in the digestion of large particles brought into the cell by phagocytosis?

a)

ribosome

b)

mitochondrion

c)

lysosome

d)

nucleolus

65.

Which structures in human blood contain enzyme molecules necessary for the clotting process?

a)

phagocytes

b)

lymphocytes

c)

red blood cells

d)

platelets

66.

Which type of human cell is a phagocyte?

a)

white blood cell

b)

red blood cell

c)

muscle cell

d)

bone cell

67.

Which process requires ATP molecules as a source of energy?

a)

active transport

b)

diffusion

c)

osmosis

d)

passive transport

68.

If we compare photosynthesis and cellular respiration in terms of the energies involved, we observe that in –

a)

photosynthesis: carbon dioxide is used to produce energy

b)

photosynthesis: energy is used to produce oxygen

c)

cellular respiration: carbon dioxide is used to produce energy

d)

cellular respiration: energy is used to produce oxygen

69.

What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

a)

The products of cellular respiration are the products of photosynthesis.

b)

Cellular respiration is one of the steps in the process of photosynthesis.

c)

Photosynthesis is one of the steps in the process of cellular respiration.

d)

The reactants of cellular respiration are the products of photosynthesis.

70.

How do you describe this type of transport across the cell membrane? page 3.1

a)

active transport

b)

passive transport

c)

facilitated diffusion

d)

co-transport

71.

How many steps in the Lytic Cycle?

a)

10

b)

20

c)

34

d)

05

72.

Which of the following are one-celled prokaryotes?

a)

viruses

b)

bacteria

c)

prions

d)

viroids

73.

A_______________ is a non-living infectious particle. pg 3.9

a)

trivalent

b)

antigen

c)

strain

d)

virus

74.

The different varieties of flu viruses are called __________. pg3.9

a)

strains

b)

viruses

c)

virals

d)

trivalents

75.

What are the reactants for photosynthesis? pg 3.20

a)

sun+CO2+H2O

b)

sun+O2+H2O

c)

water+sun+oxygen

d)

sun+oxygen+light

76.

What are the products of cellular respiration? pg 3.11 & 3.12

a)

water and glucose and atp

b)

water and carbon dioxide and atp

c)

water and sugar and atp

d)

water and oxygen and atp

77.

Viruses________ Grow. pg 3.10

a)

do not

b)

always

c)

sometimes

78.

In the 1880's, Louis Pasteur developed a method of weakening viruses. The weakened viruses could be injected into healthy individuals.

How is this method effective in fighting viral disease? pg 3.9

a)

The immune system develops antibodies in response to the weakened viruses.

b)

The weakened viruses attach to unaffected viruses in the host and interrupt the viral reproductive cycle

c)

The rate of genetic mutation in the host is decreased due to the introduction of weakened viruses.

d)

Weakened viruses are unable to enter the host organisms

79.

What is another word for virus?

a)

Virion

b)

Antigen

c)

Capsid

d)

Macromolecule

80.

A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell pg2.14

a)

centriole

b)

centrosome

c)

chloroplast

d)

Cell wall

81.

Clusters of DNA, and proteins in the nucleus of a cell

a)

cilia

b)

chromatin

c)

cristae

d)

cytoskeleton

82.

A system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell

a)

golgi apparatus

b)

grana

c)

mitochondria

d)

mitochondrial matrix

83.

a form of energy pg 3.18

a)

ATCG

b)

nucleotides

c)

ATP

d)

ADP

84.

The process by which RNA is made from DNA

a)

transcription

b)

translation

c)

replication

d)

synthesis

85.

Codes for Genes in your body pg1.30

a)

RNA

b)

Mitochondria

c)

DNA

d)

Nucleus

86.

A rigid layer that lies outside the cell's membrane is...pg.2.23

a)

Cytoskeleton

b)

Cilia

c)

Cell Wall

d)

Flagella

87.

What is the function of the vacuole? pg2.23

a)

Sac that stores water, nutrients, and waste products

b)

Sac filled with digestive chemicals

c)

Jelly-like substance within the plasma membrane

d)

stack of membranes that packages chemicals

88.
A photograph of a virus is shown.  The projections on the surface of the virus allow the virus to -
a)
move inside a host cell
b)
attach to a host cell
c)
control the host cell's DNA
d)
signal other viruses to infect the host cell
89.

RNA and DNA are which type of organic compound? pg.1.41

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Nucleic Acids

d)

Proteins

90.
Which of the following are missing from the food web shown above?
a)
producers
b)
decomposers
c)
omnivores
d)
carnivores
91.
Which is the only structure you would expect to see when examining a prokaryotic cell with a compound microscope?
a)
nucleus
b)
chloroplast
c)
cell membrane
d)
mitochondria
92.

Structures represented in the illustration below are found in the lower epidermis of a plant leaf. The illustration at right shows the response to a certain environmental condition. The response represented in the illustration would most likely be caused by

a)

a reduced supply of oxygen

b)

long periods of rainfall

c)

high concentrations of glucose

d)

little available water

93.
Enzymes are proteins that help increase the rate of chemical reactions inside cells. These proteins are composed of many simpler molecules called amino acids. Which of the following suggests that the shape of an enzyme determines the enzyme’s function?
a)
Enzymes are specific to a substrate
b)
 Enzymes can operate in a wide range of conditions.
c)
Enzymes are activated by neighboring molecules.
d)
Enzymes can be found in all life-forms.
94.
What is the building block of a lipid?
a)
monosaccharide
b)
nucleic acid
c)
fatty acid
d)
amino acid
95.
In DNA, Adenine pairs with ___________. 
a)
Guanine
b)
Cytosine
c)
Thymine
d)
Uracil
96.
DNA has a _____________ structure. 
a)
double helix
b)
single strand
c)
ring 
d)
chain
97.

The different varieties of flu viruses are called __________. pg3.9

a)

strains

b)

viruses

c)

virals

d)

trivalents

98.
Which animal is the apex predator?
a)
hawk
b)
lizard
c)
snake
d)
grass
99.

What year did the Spanish Influenza outbreak occur? pg3.9

a)

1918

b)

1919

c)

1917

d)

1916

100.
All of the living and nonliving things in an area that interact with each other are called a/an ______.
a)
community
b)
habitat
c)
population
d)
ecosystem
101.

One species living in one area is called a...

a)

Biome

b)

Population

c)

Community

d)

Organism

102.
The image provided is an example of a(n):
a)
Producer
b)
Autotroph
c)
Consumer
d)
Insect
103.

The first step in photosynthesis is the

a)

synthesis of water

b)

breaking down of carbon dioxide

c)

production of sugars

d)

absorption of light energy

104.
The image provided is an example of a(n):
a)
Carnivore
b)
Herbivore
c)
Producer
d)
Autotroph
105.

Which of the following are autotrophs?

a)

deer

b)

leopards

c)

grasses

d)

mushrooms

106.
What is the main function of leaves?
a)
Leaves provide support for growth and a place to store food.
b)
Leaves provide a place for photosynthesis to occur
c)
Leaves absorb water and minerals and transport nutrients to the stem.
d)
 Leaves create a barrier that prevents water in the plant's tissues from evaporating.
107.
The element _______is found in all of the organic compounds.
a)
Iron
b)
Nitrogen
c)
Carbon
d)
Oxygen
108.

Plants have developed many methods of seed dispersal. The table below shows seeds to two different species. How has the seed dispersal method developed by these plants given them a reproductive advantage?

a)

The method ensures that offspring will be dispersed and reduces competition for resources.

b)

The method reduces the chance that herbivores will consume the seeds.

c)

The method lengthens the life cycle of each of these plants.

d)

The method reduces the plants’ need for water and other nutrients.

109.
_________ are composed out of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P)
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
110.

Identify the cellular organelle that the process of photosynthesis occurs in:

a)

mitochondria

b)

chloroplast

c)

nucleus

d)

vacuole

111.
Carbohydrates are made of... 
a)
C H O
b)
C H O N
c)
C H O N P
d)
C H O N S
112.

The amount of energy expected to be transferred from one trophic level to another is ___?

a)

1%

b)

10%

c)

90%

d)

100%

113.
Lipids are made of... 
a)
C H O
b)
C H O N
c)
C H O N P
d)
C H O N S
114.

Identify the gas that is an input (reactant) of photosynthesis:

a)

oxygen

b)

Water

c)

carbon dioxide

d)

nitrogen

115.

Proteins are made of...

a)

C H O

b)

C H O N

c)

C H O N P

d)

C H O N P D

116.

What is the simplest level of organization in the body?

a)

cell

b)

tissue

c)

organ

d)

organ system

117.
To control what enters or leaves the cell is a function of _________.
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Nucleus
d)
Mitochondria
118.
Why is a shark a carnivore.
a)
because it eats seaweed
b)
because it eats dead animals
c)
because it eats sand 
d)
because it eats other animals
119.
Brightly colored parts of flowers that attract insects.
a)
petals
b)
pistils
c)
stamen
d)
filaments
120.
_______________ is the green pigment found in plants-- comes from the Greek word for "green".
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Chlorophyll
c)
Carbon Dioxide
d)
Stomata
121.
____________ is a gas needed by plants in order to perform photosynthesis.
a)
Oxygen
b)
Carbon Dioxide
c)
Stomata
d)
Sunlight
122.
Specialized organelles called _______________ are only found in plant cells. These organelles are where photosynthesis happens.
a)
Mitochondria
b)
Chloroplasts
c)
Stomata
d)
Carbon Dioxide
123.
__________ is a carbohydrate and simple sugar created during photosynthesis.
a)
Carbon Dioxide
b)
Glucose
c)
Oxygen
d)
Chlorophyll
124.
This organ helps support the leaves and flowers of a plant.
a)
Leaf
b)
Seed
c)
Stem
d)
Root
125.

Cells can generate as many as 36 to 38 molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from the metabolism of one molecule of glucose. Which cellular process results in this amount of ATP production?

a)

Anaerobic cellular respiration

b)

Protein synthesis

c)

Aerobic cellular respiration

d)

Photosynthesis

126.

All organism in a food chain will eventually return to environment by the action of ____?

a)

top carnivores

b)

producers

c)

decomposers

d)

secondary consumers

127.

Identify the organism(s) that depend on photosynthesis for survival

a)

Amphibians and Reptiles

b)

Mammals

c)

Plants, algae, and phytoplankton

d)

Every living organism, in some manner, depends on photosynthesis

128.

Which of the following levels of organization BEST represents the sequence from smallest to largest?

a)

Cell, tissue, organism, organ

b)

Cell, organism, organ, tissue

c)

Cell, tissue, organ, organ system

d)

Cell, organism, tissue, organ system

129.

A gene is_______________________.

a)

located only in sex cells

b)

a whole chromosome

c)

a section of DNA that codes for a trait

d)

not expressed in the dominant form

130.

How is information for a specific protein carried on the DNA molecule?

a)

As a sequence of nucleotides

b)

In the ratio of adenine to thymine

c)

As a pattern of phosphates and sugars

d)

In the double-helix shape of the condensed chromosome

131.

A science class is planning a field trip to a local farm that has a large pond. Which of the following lists the order of biological organization from smallest to largest that the students can expect to find at the pond?

a)

Organism, community, population, ecosystem

b)

Population, organism, community, ecosystem

c)

Organism, population, community, ecosystem

d)

Population, organism, ecosystem, community

132.

As ecosystems move through the stages of succession, the populations of organisms in them change. Which of the following describes the stage of succession likely to have the most species diversity?

a)

A newly formed volcanic island

b)

An agricultural field that has not been plowed for one year

c)

A temperate forest that has never been cleared by logging

d)

A field that is regularly mowed

133.

Plants are made up of what type of cells?

a)

Prokaryotic

b)

Amoeba

c)

Eukaryotic

d)

Unicellular

134.

All organism in a food chain will eventually return to environment by the action of ____?

a)

top carnivores

b)

decomposers

c)

producers

d)

secondary consumers

135.

Organisms that obtain energy directly from photosynthesis are known as

a)

herbivores

b)

autotrophs

c)

primary consumers

d)

hetertrophs

136.

An organism whose removal from an ecosystem may cause the collapse of that ecosystem is known as a(n)

a)

dominant predator

b)

herbivore

c)

keystone species

d)

tertiary consumer

137.

The clear, jelly-like material in a cell that supports and protects the cell’s organelles.

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Cell Membrane

c)

Nucleus

d)

Mitochondria

138.
Breaks down food  to release energy. Known as the power plant of the cell.
a)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Cell Wall
139.
The control center of the cell.
a)
Nucleus
b)
Nuclear Membrane
c)
Chloroplasts
d)
Golgi Aparatus
140.
What is diffusion?
a)
when molecules move from a low concentration to a high concentration 
b)
when molecules move from a high concentration to a low concentration.
c)
no movement 
d)
molecules move everywhere
141.
Complex molecule that carries genetic information that defines an organism's traits. It is stored in the nucleus.
a)
DNA
b)
protein
c)
RNA
d)
glucose nucleic acid (GNA)
142.

The natural cycling of carbon between organisms and their environment is MOST directly accomplished by which 2 processes?

a)

photosynthesis and respiration

b)

fermentation and oxidation

c)

transpiration and evaporation

d)

precipitation and condensation

143.
How many alleles (letters) do each person carry for a trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
144.

Identify the cellular organelle that the process of cellular respiration occurs in:

a)

mitochondria

b)

chloroplast

c)

nucleus

d)

golgi

145.
In the given scenario what will happen to the organism: salt is poured onto eggplant.
a)
Water will move out of the eggplant cells and the cells will shrink.
b)
Water will move out of the eggplant cells and the cells will swell.
c)
Water will move into the eggplant cells and the cells will swell.
146.

When organ systems work together, they form another level of organization called a/an _____?

a)

cell

b)

tissue

c)

organ

d)

organism

147.
How many alleles (letters) does a child get from each parent for each trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
148.

In eukaryotes, DNA molecules are located in the

a)

nucleus

b)

ribosome

c)

golgi

d)

vacuole

149.
Dominant alleles are represented by a:
a)
Male gene
b)
lowercase letter
c)
recessive trait
d)
capital letter
150.

The process by which DNA makes a copy of itself is called

a)

transcription

b)

translation

c)

replication

d)

synthesis

151.
Aa, DD, bB, yy are all examples of
a)
genotypes
b)
phenotypes
152.

A trait is____________.

a)

a characteristic that is recessive

b)

a characteristic that is always visible

c)

a characteristic that is inherited

d)

a characteristic that is dominant

153.
AA and Aa always show up as
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
154.

A cell has undergone division by meiosis. In order for the cell to achieve a diploid state, what must occur?

a)

mitosis

b)

cleavage

c)

meiosis

d)

fertilization

155.
aa always shows up as
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
156.
Osmosis
a)
diffusion of water molecules through a semi-permeable mebrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
b)
the diffusion of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
c)
diffusion of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
d)
the diffusion of particles from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
157.
What gender has an X and a Y chromosome?
a)
male
b)
female
c)
transgender 
d)
all of the above
158.

Missing from this food chain are:

a)

producers

b)

consumers

c)

carnivores

d)

heterotrophs

159.
What is a punnett square?
a)
graph used to predict the possible genotypes of offspring in a given cross
b)
a graph used to predict the possible birth rate of offspring.
c)
a graph used to predict the possible behavioral characteristics an offspring could have
d)
None of the above
160.
_______ regulates what enters and leaves a cell.  
a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Nucleus
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Cytoplasm
161.
Who is the father of evolution?
a)
Darwin
b)
Mendel
c)
Newton
d)
Einstein
162.
The picture below is an example of _________________.
a)
osmosis
b)
isotonic
c)
diffusion
d)
active transport
163.
What is another name for natural selection?
a)
survival of the smartest
b)
survival of the fastest
c)
survival of the biggest
d)
survival of the fittest
164.
The diagram shows various molecules that move into and out of the cell. How does molecule C move out the cell?
a)
Active Transport
b)
Diffusion
c)
The use of a protein pump
d)
Manipulated osmosis
165.
When all of the organisms of a species have died it is called
a)
evolution
b)
extinction
c)
adaptation
d)
natural selection
166.
What you see, or the physical appearance.
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Homozygous
d)
Heterozygous
167.

Macromolecule which provides insulation, stores energy and cushions internal organs.

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Lipids

d)

Nucleic Acids

168.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
169.
DNA and RNA are examples of...
a)
proteins
b)
nucleic acids
c)
carbohydrates
d)
lipids
170.
Movement of particles from high to low concentration. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
171.
A structure not found in animal cells
a)
cell wall
b)
cell membrane
c)
nucleus
d)
mitochondria
172.
Movement of materials from high to low concentration through a protein channel. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
173.
phospholipid bilayer controlling what enters and exits all cells
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Cytoskeleton
174.
In a pedigree, what shape represents a male?
a)
circle
b)
square
c)
triangle
d)
diamond
175.
Sorts, packages, and ships proteins to their final destination
a)
Ribosome
b)
Lysosome
c)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
d)
Golgi Apparatus
176.
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
177.
Solutes move against the concentration gradient, therefore energy is needed. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
178.
ATP is a form of energy.
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
179.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
180.
The cell below is in a _____________ solution.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
181.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
182.
The rabbit's ORIGINAL source of energy is from the...
a)
plant
b)
sun
c)
ATP
d)
glucose
183.
Before cells can divide, what must be copied?
a)
mitochondria
b)
cytoplasm
c)
DNA
d)
Cell Wall
184.
Fruit fly body cells have 8 chromosomes. After mitosis, you would expect a resulting fruit fly daughter cell to have ...
a)
16 chromosomes.
b)
46 chromosomes.
c)
8 chromosomes.
d)
4 chromosomes.
185.
Uncontrollable cell growth is known as _____
a)
obesity
b)
cancer
c)
diabetes
d)
hepatitis
186.
The stages of mitosis in order
a)
Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase
b)
Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Telophase
c)
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
d)
Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase, Metaphase
187.
A pair of chromosomes that consists of  XX is  a __________________.
a)
Male
b)
Female
188.
Which best describes the process shown?
a)
mutation in which the DNA content of the gene is ltered
b)
segregation of sister chromatids
c)
condensation and segregation of the alleles
d)
crossing-over which alleles are exchanged
189.
In the S stage of interphase_______________
a)
the cell grows
b)
the nucleus divides
c)
the cell membrane divides
d)
the DNA is replicated
190.
What is this an example of?
a)
vestigial structures
b)
embryology
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil record
191.
Which of the following is heterozygous?
a)
Hh
b)
gg
c)
HH
d)
GG
192.

Living factors or organisms that affect an ecosystem

a)

abiotic factors

b)

species

c)

trophic level

d)

biotic factors

193.
Heredity is the passing of traits from _____________________ to _____________________
a)
predators to prey
b)
water to rain
c)
parents to offspring
d)
fungi to protists
194.

The largest number of individuals in a species that an environment can support long term

a)

carrying capacity

b)

emigration

c)

immigration

d)

population density

195.
Individuals with favorable traits survive, reproduce, and pass their traits onto their offspring.  This is called
a)
Mutation
b)
Adaptation
c)
Evolution
d)
Natural Selection
196.
The rabbit in this food web would be considered a:
a)
Decomposer
b)
Producer
c)
Secondary Consumer
d)
Primary Consumer
197.
An organism that produces its own food supply from inorganic compounds is called a(an)
a)
heterotroph
b)
consumer
c)
detritivore
d)
autotroph
198.
which symbiosis is this 
a)
parasitism 
b)
mutualism
c)
commensalism
d)
nonalism 
199.
The carrying capacity is the ___________.
a)
Maximum sustainable population that a given environment can support.
b)
Greatest number of different niches possible in a given area
c)
Potential growth in the number of species in a given area.
d)
Limitation on numbers of species in a community.
200.
symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit
a)
competition
b)
Mutualism
c)
nitrogen fixation
d)
energy pyramid

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