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Rocks and Minerals

Total questions: 22

Worksheet time: 24mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Rocks are made of minerals, and they are formed in different ways. According to the diagram, how igneous rocks formed?

a)

Wastes deposited by plants and animals decompose and weather.

b)

Other rocks experience intense heat and pressure.

c)

Molten rock cools and turns solid.

d)

Sand and other particles are buried, compacted, and cemented together.

2.

Rocks are made up of one or more

a)

minerals

b)

gases

c)

energy sources

d)

living organisms

3.

Most rocks are

a)

mixtures of minerals.

b)

mixtures of cells

c)

compounds made of minerals

d)

compounds made of cells

4.

The diagram shows the basic materials and processes involved in the rock cycle. Which process is involved in breaking down solid rock and turning it into sediment?

a)

compaction

b)

melting

c)

cementation

d)

weathering

5.

If you are told by your teacher that one of the physical properties of a mineral you have been given is that its fundamental structural unit is an octahedron, which physical properties would it be describing?

a)

fracture

b)

color

c)

streak

d)

shape

6.

When rocks return to the Earth's mantle, they can eventually melt and become magma. ____________ and ___________ are the main factors that control this change.

a)

heat and pressure

b)

heat and expansion

c)

cold and contraction

d)

weathering and erosion

7.

Catlyn has a sample of an unknown mineral. She finds that its hardness is 1 on the Mohs scale. If the mineral Catlyn is examining is graphite, its _______ should be black.

a)

color

b)

luster

c)

cleavage

d)

streak

8.

The diagram shows the basic materials and processes involved in the rock cycle. Which of the following processes moves rock materials across the surface of the Earth?

a)

compaction

b)

melting

c)

erosion

d)

crystalization

9.

Which of gypsum's physical characteristics can be described as nonmetallic?

a)

fracture

b)

luster

c)

cleavage

d)

specific gravity

10.

Which of the following statements best describes the composition of rocks?

a)

Rocks can only be made up of a combination of three types of mineral.

b)

Rocks are made up of at least three different types mineral.

c)

Rocks are made up of one or more types of mineral.

d)

Rocks always consist of a single type of mineral.

11.

Igneous rocks form when minerals crystallize from cooling magma and lava. The more slowly the magma or lava cools, the larger the crystals are able to grow. The images show two different igneous rocks. Examine the images. Assuming that these images are shown at the same scale, which of the following can be concluded based on the information above?

a)

Both rocks cooled at the same rate.

b)

Rock X formed from magma; rock Y formed from lava.

c)

Rock Y cooled more slowly than rock X.

d)

Rock X cooled more slowly than rock Y.

12.

The image shows a type of metamorphic rock called gneiss. Gneiss is characterized by alternating bands of light and dark minerals. The bands in this particular sample of gneiss have been folded. The characteristics of this rock developed due to _________ and __________ during the rock's formation.

a)

heat and pressure

b)

melting and freezing

c)

weathering and erosion

13.

Granite is a type of igneous rock. What determines the size of the crystals that form in a sample of granite?

a)

how many times those minerals have been in granite before

b)

how large the sample is

c)

how quickly the rock cooled

d)

how many impurities are in the granite

14.

The diagram shows the basic materials and processes involved in the rock cycle. Which of the following is a way in which earth material is returned to the surface?

a)

weathering and erosion

b)

melting from pressure and heat

c)

a volcanic eruption

d)

deposition

15.

Which of the following are true statements about minerals?


I.Minerals are naturally occurring substances.

II.Each mineral has a specific chemical makeup.

III.Minerals can be solids, liquids, or gases.

IV.Rocks are made of minerals.

a)

I, II, III, and IV

b)

I and II only

c)

I, II, and IV only

d)

II and IV only

16.

What are the two main factors in the mantle that contribute to the rock cycle?

a)

heat and weathering

b)

pressure and heat

c)

weathering and layering

d)

layering and pressure

17.

Which part of the cycle is missing?

a)

melting

b)

crystallization

c)

mineral integration

d)

sedimentation

18.

If you break quartz to learn if it splits smoothly in a certain directions, what physical property are you testing?

a)

hardness

b)

streak

c)

specific gravity

d)

cleavage

19.

The image shows granite, which is a type of rock. does this image demonstrate about rocks?

a)

Rocks can be combined with other rocks to make a single mineral.

b)

Rocks always have crystal grains of identical size and shape.

c)

Rocks are always made up of minerals with identical properties.

d)

Rocks can be made up of more than one type of mineral.

20.

There is a material on Earth that undergoes a very long, and sometimes violent, cycle.


This material can begin as a solid on the surface of the Earth. Weathering can then break the material up into pieces, and erosion can transport the pieces to ocean bottoms. Eventually, the material reforms as these pieces are cemented together.


Over time, the material is gradually pushed into the Earth's interior. Heat from inside the Earth can then cause the material to melt.Eventually, the melted material returns back to the surface through volcanic eruptions. At the surface, the material cools and turns solid once again.


What is this material?

a)

nitrogen

b)

rock

c)

water

d)

sunlight

21.

Rocks are made of minerals, and they are formed in different ways. According to the diagram above, how are sedimentary rocks formed?

a)

Molten rock cools and turns solid.

b)

Wastes deposited by plants and animals decompose and weather.

c)

Other rocks experience intense heat and pressure.

d)

Sand and other particles are buried, compacted, and cemented together.

22.

According to the diagram, how are metamorphic rocks formed?

a)

Molten rock cools and turns solid.

b)

Other rocks experience intense heat and pressure.

c)

Sand and other particles are buried, compacted, and cemented together.

d)

Wastes deposited by plants and animals decompose and weather.