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Radioactivity: Detection of Radioactivity

Total questions: 25

Worksheet time: 10mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Rutherford fired alpha particles at thin gold foil. What did he observe?
a)
Most alpha particles bounced back or were deflected with very few passing straight through the foil
b)
Most alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil, some bounced back or were deflected.
c)
Most alpha particles passed through the gold foil but some stuck to the gold foil
2.
Rutherford saw that most alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil. What did this prove?
a)
That electrons were on shells orbiting the nucleus
b)
That there was a positive nucleus in the atom
c)
That the atom was mostly empty space
3.
Which part of Rutherford's atomic model is responsible for alpha particles bouncing back?
a)
Positive nucleus
b)
Electrons
c)
Neutral nucleus
4.
What charge does an alpha particle have and why was it bounced back /  deflected from the nucleus?
a)
An alpha particle is positive and repelled the positive nucleus as opposite charges repel.
b)
An alpha particle is positive and repelled the positive nucleus as like charges repel.
c)
An alpha particle is negative and repelled the positive nucleus as like charges repel.
5.
What does the number 12 represent in the diagram?
a)
Mass number: the number of neutrons
b)
Mass number: number of neutrons and protons
c)
Mass number: the number of protons
6.
What is an isotope?
a)
Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons.
b)
Atoms of different elements that have the same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons.
c)
Atoms of the same element that have the same number of neutrons and electrons but different numbers of protons
7.
Isotopes of the same element have...
a)
Different mass numbers because they have different numbers of electrons
b)
different mass numbers because they have different numbers of neutrons
c)
Different atomic numbers because they have different numbers of protons.
8.
Atoms are neutral because they have ...
a)
equal numbers of positively charged protons and negatively charged electrons and their charges cancel each other out.
b)
equal numbers of positively charged neutrons and negatively charged electrons and their charges cancel each other out
c)
equal numbers of positively charged protons and negatively charged neutrons and their charges cancel each other out
9.
How does an atom become a positive ion?
a)
The atom loses electrons.
b)
The atom gains electrons
c)
The atom loses protons
10.
What is background radiation?
a)
The ionising radiation that is around us all the time
b)
The ionising radiation from naturally occurring radiation
c)
The ionising radiation that is from human activities
11.
Which of the following are NOT sources of background radiation?
a)
Radiation from medical uses
b)
Radiation from rocks
c)
Cosmic (space) radiation
d)
Radiation from farming
12.
What is radioactivity measured in?
a)
Joules
b)
Newtons
c)
Becquerels
13.
What two objects can you use to detect radiation?
a)
Domimeter and Kurt Geiger Tube
b)
Dosimeter and Geiger-Muller tube
c)
Muller corner tube and Dorimeter
14.
What kinds of medical treatments contribute to background radiation?
a)
X-rays, ultrasound scans and heart disease treatments.
b)
X-rays, gamma ray scans and cancer treatments.
c)
X-rays, injections and diabetes treatment
15.
How do you measure the activity of a radioactive sample.
a)
Measure average background radiation first. Measure activity of the sample. Take the activity of the sample away from the background source.
b)
Measure average background radiation first. Measure activity of the sample. Take the background radiation count away from the activity of the sample.
16.

Cosmic radiation comes from ....

a)

Nuclear bombs

b)

Nuclear Power stations

c)

Space

d)

Earth's core

e)

Isotopes in objects

17.

The low level of ionizing radiation that is around you right now is called ....

a)

background radiation

b)

isotopic radiation

c)

surrounding radiation

d)

environmental radiation

e)

radio radiation

18.

background radiation is the same level everywhere

a)

true

b)

false

19.

Isotopes are always radioactive

a)

true

b)

false

20.

Radioactivity comes out of an unstable ....

a)

nucleus

b)

shell

c)

electron

d)

proton

21.

Granite rock is radioactive because it ...

a)

releases radon gas

b)

releases oxygen gas

c)

releases uranium gas

d)

releases nitrogen gas

e)

releases hydrogen gas

22.

Which gas is a major source of background radiation?

a)

radon gas

b)

carbon dioxide gas

c)

sulfur Dioxide gas

d)

oxygen gas

e)

hydrogen gas

23.

Background radiation is ...

a)

0% natural

b)

100% natural

c)

70-95% natural

d)

5-20% natural

24.

Human activities increase the amount of background radiation

a)

true

b)

false

25.

Flying in a plane increases your exposure to cosmic radiation

a)

true

b)

false

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