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Ecology Vocabulary

Total questions: 63

Worksheet time: 2hrs 52mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
an organism capable of making its own food through the process of photosynthesis
a)
consumer
b)
omnivore
c)
producer or autotroph
d)
carnivore
2.
a relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed
a)
consumerism
b)
competition
c)
parasitism
d)
commensalism
3.
an organism that eats another organism
a)
parasitism
b)
competition
c)
consumer
d)
herbivore
4.
a relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is NOT AFFECTED
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
predation
d)
parasitism
5.
a relationship in which both organisms benefit
a)
commensalism
b)
predation
c)
parasitism
d)
mutualism
6.

study of living organisms and how they interact

a)

biome

b)

abiotic

c)

ecology

d)

population

7.

Where an organism lives

a)

niche

b)

biome

c)

ecosystem

d)

habitat

8.

A close relationship between 2 organisms (general)

a)

symbiosis

b)

parasitism

c)

commensalism

d)

mutualism

9.

A close relationship between 2 organisms in which one benefits and the other is harmed

a)

symbiosis

b)

parasitism

c)

commensalism

d)

mutualism

10.

A close relationship between 2 organisms in which one benefits and the other is not helped or harmed

a)

symbiosis

b)

parasitism

c)

commensalism

d)

mutualism

11.

A close relationship between 2 organisms in which both benefit

a)

symbiosis

b)

parasitism

c)

commensalism

d)

mutualism

12.
What is biotic factor?
a)
one-celled living thing
b)
a nonliving part of an enviroment
c)
two or more organisms depend on the same limited resource
d)
the living parts of an environment
13.
What is an abiotic factor? 
a)
a nonliving part of an enviroment
b)
the living part of an environment
c)
a group of individuals of the same species that living in the same place
d)
a many-celled living thing
14.
organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce food
a)
autotroph
b)
heterotroph
c)
consumer
d)
carnivore 
15.
process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbohydrates (sugars)
a)
chemosynthesis
b)
photosynthesis
c)
autotroph
d)
heterotroph
16.
process by which some organisms, such as certain bacteria, use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates
a)
producer
b)
photosynthesis
c)
chemosynthesis
d)
decomposer
17.
organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes
a)
heterotroph
b)
producer
c)
autotroph
d)
algae
18.
organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic matter
a)
decomposer
b)
carnivore
c)
omnivore
d)
detritovore
19.
collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place, together with their nonliving environment
a)
biosphere
b)
biome
c)
ecosystem
d)
community
20.
group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring
a)
species
b)
population
c)
ecosystem
d)
community
21.
An organism that needs to eat other organisms to obtain energy is known as a:
a)
Autotroph
b)
Producer
c)
Consumer
d)
Mutualist
22.

Plants that convert energy from the sun are also called

a)

decomposers

b)

primary consumers

c)

secondary consumers

d)

producers

23.

What are the abiotic factors in this image?

a)

water, sunlight, dirt, air

b)

birds and plants

c)

birds, water, dirt

d)

plants, water

24.

Organisms that break down decaying material are

a)

consumers

b)

producers

c)

decomposers

25.
A living or once-living organisms in an ecosystem is a
a)
population
b)
biotic factor
c)
abiotic factor
d)
community
26.
Where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction
d)
Artifical Selection
27.
What is a species?
a)
A group of organisms that can mate with each other and produce fertile offspring. 
b)
A group of organisms that genetically are very different from each other. 
c)
A group of organisms that can mate and produce offspring even if those offspring are infertile.
d)
Indivual organisms that live in the same environment. 
28.
Natural selection is where ___________ decides which traits should be passed on
a)
Nature
b)
A human
c)
Mr. Holt
d)
The illuminati
29.

For an organism to survive and reproduce, they have to to their environment.

a)

adapt

b)

banana

c)

three

d)

leave

30.
Where humans have bred organisms together based on traits we like.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction 
d)
Artificial Selection
31.
A place where plants and animals live and grow is called a ____________. It provides, food, water, shelter, and air.
a)
shelter
b)
tree
c)
habitat
d)
organism
32.

This is a model that describes evolution as a slow, ongoing process by which one species changes to a new species.

a)

Mutation

b)

Variation

c)

Gradualism

d)

Punctuated Equilibrium

33.

This is when mutations of a few genes results in the appearance of a new species over a relatively short period of time.

a)

Punctuated Equilibrium

b)

Sedimentary Rock

c)

Adaptation

d)

Embryology

34.

Natural gradual changes in the types of species that live in an area?

a)

Biotic Disturbances

b)

Abiotic Disturbances

c)

Succession

d)

Limiting Factor

35.

What is the first species to populate or repopulate a barren or disturbed area?

a)

sere

b)

colonize

c)

pioneer species

d)

substrate

36.
A pioneer species is...
a)
a large organism
b)
the first organisms to adapt to a new environment 
c)
The best organism 
d)
Abiotic organisms 
37.
What is the most important function of pioneer species?
a)
To create rocks
b)
To create soil and add nutrients to the environment 
c)
To look nice
d)
Food for animals 
38.

An animal that hunts and feeds on another organism.

a)

Energy

b)

Predator

c)

Nocturnal

d)

Herbivore

39.

A connection of food chains with many food enrgy paths in an ecosystem.

a)

Food Chain

b)

Food Web

c)

Predator

d)

Energy

40.

The path of food energy from one organism to another in an ecosystem.

a)

Food Chain

b)

Food Web

c)

Energy

d)

Nocturnal

41.
An organism that needs to eat other organisms to obtain energy is known as a:
a)
Autotroph
b)
Producer
c)
Consumer
d)
Mutualist
42.
An organism that uses sunlight to create its own food is known as a:
a)
Producer
b)
Heterotroph
c)
Consumer
d)
Decomposer
43.
The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?
a)
They point to the organism that is being eaten.
b)
It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.
c)
They show what direction the energy is flowing between organisms. 
d)
They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.
44.
What does a food web represent?
a)
All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
b)
The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
c)
A single pathway or energy flow between organisms. 
d)
How carnivores get their food. 
45.
An energy pyramid represents what?
a)
How much sunlight is available for the ecosystem to use. 
b)
How much energy a particular organism needs. 
c)
How much energy is needed to build a pyramid. 
d)
The amount of energy available to the next 'feeder' in a food web.
46.
How much energy is available to be passed on to the next trophic level in an ecosystem?
a)
100%
b)
10%
c)
50%
d)
75%
47.
Why might an organism have more than one arrow coming from them in a food web?
a)
More than one organism may eat them. 
b)
They may eat more than one other organism. 
c)
This organism gets its energy from multiple sources. 
d)
They have no resources available to them.
48.
The largest group of organisms found in a food web would be:
a)
Primary Consumers
b)
Producers
c)
Decomposers
d)
Tertiary Consumers
49.
What may happen if the snowshoe hare was removed from the food web pictured?
a)
The insects in the habitat would increase.
b)
The shrew population would decrease due to being only hawk food source.
c)
The willow tree population would decrease.
d)
Foxes would dies due to no food source. 
50.
The image provided is an example of a:
a)
Producer
b)
Heterotroph
c)
Consumer
d)
Decomposer
51.
Which describes a decomposer?
a)
an organism that eats only plants
b)
an organism that makes its own food
c)
an organism that breaks down dead matter
d)
an organism that recieves energy from the sun
52.
What are interconnected food chains called?
a)
consumers
b)
predators
c)
food web
53.
If the population of prey increases, the population of predators will ________because of the availability of food.
a)
decrease
b)
stay the same
c)
increase
54.
All food chains_____________________
a)
have more consumers than producers
b)
produce and use same amount of energy
c)
begin with a producer
d)
are unhealthy 
55.
Which organism do the owl and the weasel compete for in the food web?
a)
Hawk
b)
Spider
c)
Grasshopper
d)
Shrew
56.
What is this called?
a)
Food Web
b)
Food Chain
c)
Abiotic Factors
57.
In a food web, arrows point at:
a)
who gets energy.
b)
who gets eaten.
58.
If the grasshopper were to be removed completely from the food web, what organism would be most effected?
a)
The squirrel
b)
The shrew
c)
The deer
d)
The rabbit
59.
Is a fern an abiotic or biotic factor? 
a)
abiotic
b)
biotic
60.
Adaptation is likely to occur when...
a)
A coyote takes advantage of any food source it can find.
b)
The coat of an arctic fox changes from brown to white in winter.
c)
An earthquake separates a population of squirrels into two groups.
d)
The number of snakes with stripes in a population increases with each generation
61.
A snake is eaten by a hawk. The hawk is the _______.
a)
prey
b)
parasite
c)
predator
d)
all of these
62.
Why is biodiversity so important?
a)
Because all species depend on each other to survive, so if one becomes extinct another species that relies on it could go extinct as well
b)
Because it’s better to have only one variation of each species.
c)
Because it better to only have a few species on Earth.
d)
Honestly, I have no idea what biodiversity is!
63.
What is another name for natural selection?
a)
survival of the smartest
b)
survival of the fastest
c)
survival of the biggest
d)
survival of the fittest

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