Branch of biology that studies heredity

A cross that considers one pair of contrasting traits

All the offspring display only one form of a particular trait

The first two individuals crossed in a breeding experiment

Offspring of the P generation

Offspring of the F1 generation

Different versions of a gene

The expressed form of a trait

Not expressed when the dominant form of the trait is present

When the two alleles of a particular gene are the same

The alleles of a particular gene are different

Set of alleles that an individual has

Physical appearance of a trait

The two alleles for a trait separate when gametes are formed

The alleles of different genes separate independently of one another during gamete formation

The plant is pollinated with its own pollen

Co-Co Dominant Alleles/ Co-Dominance: Both alleles are expressed phenotypically

A population might have more than two alleles for a given gene. Even if more than two alleles exist in a population, any given individual can have no more than two of them: one from the mother and one from the father.

Incomplete Dominance: Blending of traits. Usually results from an inactive or less active gene so the heterozygous phenotype appears intermediate

Traits that are expressed by more than one gene

Genetic diseases that are not sex linked. It will appear in both sexes equally.

Sex-Linked trait: Genes on a sex chromosome

Generally a cross involving a homozygous recessive individual. Cross between a recessive genotype and dominant phenotype with an unknown genotype. If there are recessive offspring the dominant phenotype would be hetereozygous.

Karyotype: A picture of a punnett square