WorksheetsUNIT 1 - Tectonic Hazards
Total questions: 42
Worksheet time: 21mins
Name the layer of the earth that includes the crust and the top layer of the upper mantle.
asthenosphere
lithosphere
Name the layer of the earth that is a dense and mobile layer in the upper part of the mantle.
lithosphere
asthenosphere
Which layer of the earth is the largest?
crust
mantle
inner core
outer core
Why is the inner core solid?
because the centre of the earth is so hot
due to enormous pressure
Which layer do the tectonic plates float on?
lithosphere
asthenosphere
inner core
outer core
The lithosphere is solid, whereas the asthenosphere is more like thick porridge
True
False
Select two statements which apply to oceanic crust.
oceanic crust is THINNER than continental crust
oceanic crust is THICKER than continental crust
oceanic crust is DENSER / HEAVIER than continental crust
oceanic crust is LIGHTER than continental crust
Which process happening inside the earth makes the core so hot?
convection currents
mass movement
uplifting
radioactive decay
Which process, which occurs in the mantle, causes the tectonic plates move?
mass movement
radioactive decay
convection currents
uplifting
What evidence is there that the inside of the earth is extremely hot? (SELECT TWO)
people have dug down the centre of the earth and measured the temperature of the core
molten lava spewing from volcanoes
people have made a thermometer long enough to measure the temperature of the earth's core!!!
hot springs and geysers
Millions of years ago, all the continents were joined together. What was the name of this supercontinent?
Super dooper continent
Continent ONE
Pangea
Where two plates meet is known as a plate boundary. When plates move away from each other, this plate boundary is known as?
conservative plate boundary
convergent plate boundary
divergent plate boundary
Where two plates meet is known as a plate boundary. When plates move towards each other, this plate boundary is known as?
conservative plate boundary
convergent plate boundary
divergent plate boundary
Where two plates meet is known as a plate boundary. When plates slide past each other, this plate boundary is known as?
conservative plate boundary
divergent plate boundary
convergent plate boundary
Earthquakes / volcanoes are spread UNEVENLY around the world.
True
False
At a convergent plate boundary (plates moving towards each other) with one oceanic and one continental plate, the oceanic plate will go underneath the continental plate. Why?
The water on the oceanic plate forces it down
the oceanic plate is heavier / denser
When two continental (land) plates move towards each other, neither will subduct as they are both the same weight. This produces...?
a volcano
fold mountains
What's the difference between magma and lava?
Magma is when it is OUTSIDE the volcano and lava is when it is OUTSIDE the volcano
Magma is when it is INSIDE the volcano and lava is when it is OUTSIDE the volcano
What is meant by the viscosity of lava?
the amount of lava
how thick the lava is
how hot the lava is
Select two characteristics of a composite volcano
low, gently sloping dome
tall, steep-sided cones
gentle eruptions of basaltic lava
violent eruptions of andesitic lava
Composite volcanoes are created at which type of plate boundary?
convergent (plates moving towards each other)
divergent (plates moving away from each other)
Shield volcanoes are created at which type of plate boundary?
convergent (plates moving towards each other)
divergent (plates moving away from each other)
Volcanoes form at plate boundaries, but they sometimes form in the middle of plates. Why?
they have shifted away from the plate boundary
hotspot volcanoes!
What is the focus of an earthquake?
the point on the earth's surface where the most damage is caused
the point below the surface, where the crust snaps - the origin of the earthquake!
What is the epicentre of the earthquake?
the point below the surface, where the crust snaps - the origin of the earthquake!
the point on the Earth's surface - where the most damage is caused
Why is it a problem for people if the focus of an earthquake (where the earthquake begins) is shallow?
the earthquake is more difficult to measure
The waves of energy (seismic waves) don't have to travel as far so are stronger when they reach people's houses
Why do earthquakes cause more damage in developing than developed countries? (Select three)
developing countries have MORE money for supplies and services
developing countries have poor quality buildings which are easily destroyed
developing countries have LESS money for supplies and services
developing countries are not as well PREPARED as developed countries
The Richter Scale measure the magnitude of an earthquake. What is meant by the magnitude of an earthquake?
how long the earthquake lasts for
the size / strength of the earthquake
What are two ways to predict earthquakes?
call the emergency services
radon gas
sulphur being released from volcanoes
laser beams / seismometers
In Japan, mobile phones have been fitted with an 'Earthquake Early Warning System app' . Why does this reduce deaths/injuries from an earthquakes?
people will be encouraged to use their phones more
people are given an early warning so they can respond appropriately to the earthquake
What are tsunamis triggered by?
an earthquake on land
an earthquake under the sea / ocean
A tsunami is what kind of hazard?
primary hazard
secondary hazard
What was the magnitude (size) of the Haiti earthquake 2010?
10
1
2
7
What was the magnitude (size) of the Japan (Tohoku) earthquake 2011?
1
2
9
10
The Haiti earthquake was smaller in size but MORE people died, what was the number of deaths?
17, 000
316, 000
Which important buildings / transport links were destroyed in the Haiti earthquake? (SELECT TWO)
8 hospitals
the port at the capital Port-au-Prince
the local shop
the library
Which disease spread through the squatter camps, after the Haiti earthquake?
flu
cholera
Haiti is one of the poorest countries in the world!
true
false
How many deaths were caused by the magnitude 9 Japan (Tohoku) earthquake?
17, 000
316, 000
The vast majority of deaths from the Japan (Tohoku) earthquake were due to people drowning in the tsunami.
false
true
Tsunami waves caused a nuclear meltdown because the cooling systems failed, at which nuclear power plant?
Tokyo nuclear power plant
Fukushima nuclear power plant
How can buildings be altered in developed countries to make them more earthquake proof? (SELECT TWO)
computer controlled weights added to the top of the buildings to reduce movement
lightweight thatched roof added to houses
automatic shutters over windows to prevent shattering
walls made of mud and straw and packed with wooden slats to reinforce building
