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WorksheetsHonors Evolution 1
Total questions: 32
Worksheet time: 1hrs 3mins
In a species of insect, both the extremely large AND the extremely small males have the best chance at reproducing compared to average sized males. This is an example of
disruptive selection
stabilizing selection
directional selection
artificial selection
How is the variation that is needed for natural selection generated?
mutations and sexual reproduction
sexual reproduction and acquired characteristics
mutations only
sexual reproduction only
A farmer sprays her corn fields with an herbicide to kill a species of competitive weed. After 4 years the same herbicide went from killing 95% of the weeds to only 35%. What could explain this?
the weeds acquired a resistance from the environment in the fourth year, but none of the other years
this actually could not happen because herbicides are designed to kill every type of weed
through natural variation some of the initial population was resistant to the herbicide. that group survived the first application and lived on to pass their resistant DNA down to future generations.
the weeds recognized that they needed to change in order to survive, so a few of them trained to become resistant and now many of them are not impacted by the herbicide
For natural selection to occur traits must
have variety and be heritable
make the organism better able to find food
make the organism better able to avoid predators
result in physical differences between species
Which of the following scenarios could NOT result in evolution (assume each is in a closed system/lab setting)
a population of bacteria that is treated with low levels of triclosan
a room with 20 corn plants that receives varying levels of nutrients
a fish tank with 40 fish that have varying body sizes, but are all the same species
a single mouse that has a mutation from radiation that resulted in the growth of two extra limbs
Which would be the most fit in terms of evolution?
horse 1: sterile, but the fastest horse at the Kentucky derby
horse 2: lives on a farm and has 6 offspring, but only 1 of them survived
horse 3: wild horse has 6 offspring and all of them are still living
horse 4: has a life-threatening illness, but has 3 offspring (two of which are still living)
In a population of lizards on an island all have extraordinarily long tongues. This was due to the initial population of lizards having abnormally long tongues and then populating the island over the last several generations. This is an example of
genetic drift: founder effect
genetic drift: bottleneck effect
disruptive selection
random mating
All of the following are examples of evidence for evolution except
DNA comparisons
the fossil record
embryology
anatomical evidence
all of these
All animals are composed entirely of
eukaryotic cells
prokaryotic cells
some are eukaryotic some are prokaryotic
none of these
Camouflage can best be explained through
natural selection
artificial selection
disruptive selection
none of these
Sexual dimorphism often results in bigger or more flashy males (even though they might be more likely to be spotted and eaten by predators). What forces explain how this could occur?
sexual selection
natural selection
artificial selection
stabilizing selection
These structures are best described as _________________ and suggest ___________________
analogous, descent from a common ancestor
homologous, descent from a common ancestor
vestigial, no descent from a common ancestor
vestigial, descent from a common ancestor
Which of the following is NOT needed for speciation to occur?
reproductive isolation
different genetic changes in each population
a changing environment
A similar environment sometimes results in two unrelated species appearing very similar to each other. This is an example of
convergent evolution
divergent evolution
parallel evolution
coevolution
Who was the other (besides Darwin) scientist who independently developed evolution through natural selection
Alfred Russel Wallace
Jean Baptist Lamarck
Lyell Hutton
Thomas Malthus
The wings in flightless birds are still present although they do not serve the same function that the common ancestor would have had. These are an example of
vestigial structures
homologous structures
analogous structures
none of these
Rank the following pieces of evidence from strongest to weakest (for constructing accurate cladograms)
1.) DNA evidence 2.) homologous and vestigial structures 3.) analogous structures
1.) analogous structures 2.) DNA evidence 3.) homologous and vestigial structures
1.) homologous and vestigial structures 2.) analogous structures 3.) DNA evidence
all of these are equally accurate
Which type of structure does NOT suggest divergent evolution and common ancestry?
homologous
vestigial
analogous
At which point in the cladogram do the newt and bear last share a common ancestor?
common tetrapod ancestor
common jawed vertebrate ancestor
common vertebrate ancestor
common amniote ancestor
Which is not a derived character of this cladogram?
without fur nor placenta
without mandibular window
paws
bipedal
Two closely related species of flower end up going through speciation. One flower opens up for pollination at night and the other during the day. Which kind of isolation is this?
behavioral
temporal
mechanical
geographic
Which two organisms have the most recent common ancestor according to this cladogram (out of these options only)
bear and newt
bear and lizard
sunfish and newt
lamprey and sunfish
Which scientist would have made a statement similar to this one (but with animals) "If I become a talented piano player and have a daughter then she will inherit this ability to play the piano well"
Darwin
Lamarck
Hutton
Wallace
peppered moths have black, grey, or white phenotypes. the white moths were selected for and the black moths were selected against. the average moth was now lighter in color (even though variation still exists). this is an example of
directional selection
disruptive selection
stabilizing selection
artificial selection
Which type of selection is displayed here? Selection is occurring against both extreme versions of the traits
stabilizing selection
disruptive selection
directional selection
artificial selection
Two groups of insect are unable to mate because the genital position does not match. Speciation would likely occur due to ________________________ isolation.
temporal
mechanical
behavioral
geographic
Geographic speciation is also known as
allopatric speciation
sympatric speciation
behavioral isolation
temporal isolation
Two organisms are able to mate and have fertile offspring. What is true of these two organisms?
they are members of the same species
they are not members of the same species
more information is needed
A coccyx (tailbone) is a vestigial structure in humans. What would likely happen to it within the next 600 years?
it will likely still exist and still be vestigial
it will probably extend out to form an external tail
it will no longer exist
all of these are equally likely
The Asian elephant Elephas maximus and the African elephant Loxodonta africana are NOT members of the same
genus
species
both of these
If two organisms are members of the same class...they must also be members of the same
kingdom
phylum
domain
all of these
Do you know how to read a dichotomous key?
yes
no
