Which author was an indentured labourer?

The annals of Massachusetts Bay will inform us, that "of six governors, in the space of about forty years from the surrender of the old charter, under James II., two were imprisoned by a popular insurrection - a third, as Hutchinson inclines to believe, was driven from the province by the whizzing of a musket ball - a fourth, in the opinion of the same historian, was hastened to his grave by continual bickerings with the house of representatives - and the remaining two, as well as their successors, till the Revolution, were favored with few and brief intervals of peaceful sway. The inferior members of the court party, in times of high political excitement, led scarcely a more desirable life."

Which party is the "court party"?

His son Rip, an urchin begotten in his own likeness, promised to inherit the habits, with the old clothes of his father. He was generally seen trooping like a colt at his mother's heels, equipped in a pair of his father's cast-off galligaskins, which he had much ado to hold up with one hand, as a fine lady does her train in bad weather.

What are "galligaskins"?

"My present business," continued he, speaking with lofty confidence, "is merely to inquire my way to the dwelling of my [relative]." ...

There was a sudden and general movement in the room, which Robin interpreted as expressing the eagerness of each individual to become his guide.

This passage exemplifies

We are given many clues that Rip Van Winkle's story might not be completely true. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

When the prophets prophesied, of whom did they speak? When they spoke of heathens, was it not the whites and others who were counted Gentiles? And I ask if all nations with the exception of the Jews were not counted heathens.

The author of this passage had been:

Which of the following is NOT a character in one of the works we read?

As the enraptured Ichabod fancied all this, and as he rolled his great green eyes over the fat meadow lands, the rich fields of wheat, of rye, of buckwheat, and Indian corn, and the orchards burthened with ruddy fruit, which surrounded the warm tenement of Van Tassel, his heart yearned after the damsel who was to inherit these domains, and his imagination expanded with the idea, how they might be readily turned into cash, and the money invested in immense tracts of wild land, and shingle palaces in the wilderness.

The word "tenement" is another word for "residence."

The Indian Removal Act of 1830 led to enforced removal of Eastern Indian tribes to less desirable lands west of the Mississippi.

Ye call these red-browed brethren

The insects of an hour,

Crushed like the noteless worm amid

The regions of their power -

Ye drive them from their father's lands,

Ye break of faith the seal

But can ye from the court of Heaven

Exclude their last appeal?

What does "appeal" mean in this context?

And then the fair Ohio charg'd

Her many sisters dear,

"Show me once more, those stately forms

Within my mirror clear..."

The author of this work wanted to

The farmer drove his plough-share deep

“Whose bones are these?” said he,

“I find them where my browsing sheep

Roam o’er the upland lea.”

What does “lea” mean?

What is the one thing that gives Ichabod an edge over Brom in the battle for Katrina’s hand?

How does young Robin finally find his uncle?

They are given to all kinds of marvellous beliefs; are subject to trances and visions; and frequently see strange sights, and hear music and voices in the air. The whole neighborhood abounds with local tales, haunted spots, and twilight superstitions; stars shoot and meteors glare oftener across the valley than in any other part of the country, and the nightmare, with her whole nine fold, seems to make it the favorite scene of her gambols.

Which of the following is the author of this passsage?

How does Apess feel about intermarriage between white and Native Americans?

He now became entangled in a succession of crooked and narrow streets, which crossed each other, and meandered at no great distance from the water-side. The smell of tar was obvious to his nostrils....

Which of the following is the author of this passage?

Why did Ichabod believe that if he could reach the bridge he would be safe from the Headless Horseman?

Ye say they all have passed away,

That noble race and brave,

That their light canoes have vanished

From off the crested wave….

What does crested mean?

When goodman Brown returns to town, everything about his perception of the religious elders of Salem has changed. Which of the following best describes his new attitude toward them?

When Rip returns from the forest, no one seems to recognize him. When he describes himself as a "loyal subject of the King, God bless him!" he sends the town into an uproar. Why was this a problem?

They continued to walk onward, while the elder traveler exhorted his companion to make good speed and persevere in the path, discoursing so aptly, that his arguments seemed rather to spring up in the bosom of his auditor, than to be suggested by himself. As they went, he plucked a branch of maple, to serve for a walking-stick, and began to strip it of the twigs and little boughs, which were wet with evening dew.

What is the title of this work?

I would not have it imagined, however, that he was one of those cruel potentates of the school, who joy in the smart of their subjects; on the contrary, he administered justice with discrimination rather than severity; taking the burthen off the backs of the weak, and laying it on those of the strong.

What is the meaning of the word “potentates”?

Ye see their unresisting tribes,

With toilsome step and slow,

On through the trackless desert pass,

A caravan of woe -

Think ye the Eternal's ear is deaf?

His sleepless vision dim?

Think ye the soul's blood may not cry

From that far land to him?

What does "toilsome" mean?

Who was "a huge feeder and, though lank, had the dilating powers of an anaconda"?

Who is the Dutch explorer who periodically appears to haunt the Kaatskill Mountains?

He had seen his people slaughtered, or driven from their homes and hunting-grounds, into shameful exile; his wife had died in captivity, and his children lived in servile dependence in the house of his enemies.

The author of this work wanted to raise awareness of women's part in US history

"Can this be so!" cried goodman Brown, with a stare of amazement at his undisturbed companion. Howbeit, I have nothing to do with the governor and council - they have their own ways, and are no rule for a simple husbandman, like me. But, were I to go on with thee, how should I meet the eye of that good old man, our minister, at Salem village? Oh, his voice would make me tremble, both Sabbath-day and lecture-day!"

The word "husbandman" usually means farmer, but in this context it means something else - what?

The annals of Massachusetts Bay will inform us, that of six governors, in the space of about forty years from the surrender of the old charter, under James II., two were imprisoned by a popular insurrection - a third, as Hutchinson inclines to believe, was driven from the province by the whizzing of a musket ball - a fourth, in the opinion of the same historian, was hastened to his grave by continual bickerings with the house of representatives - and the remaining two, as well as their successors, till the Revolution, were favored with few and brief intervals of peaceful sway.

What is an "insurrection"?

Left the house of the subscriber, bounden servant, Hezekiah Mudge—had on when he went away, grey coat, leather breeches, master’s third best hat. One pound currency reward to whoever shall lodge him in any jail in the province.”

Hezekiah Mudge is a “bounden servant,” meaning that he is bound by contract to be a servant (essentially a willing slave) for seven years in repayment for:

The color of Faith's ribbon did NOT represent:

Which of these statements does NOT apply to Hawthorne as a moralist:

Veldu eitt:

Let a gentleman and a lady of integrity and respectability visit these places, and they would be surprised; as they wandered from one hut to the other they would view, with the females who are left alone, children half starved and some almost as naked as they came into the world. And it is a fact that I have seen them as much so—while the females are left without protection, and are seduced by white men, and are finally left to be common prostitutes for them and to be destroyed by that burning, fiery curse, that has swept millions, both of red and white men, into the grave with sorrow and disgrace—rum.

Which of the following is the author of this passage?

Who burns Ichabod’s book?

The opinions of this junto were completely controlled by Nicholas Vedder, a patriarch of the village, and landlord of the inn, at the door of which he took his seat from morning till night….

What is the meaning of the word “junto”?

There was one who seemed to be the commander. He was a stout old gentleman, with a weather-beaten countenance – he wore a laced doublet, broad belt and hanger, high crowned hat and feather, red stockings, and high heeled shoes, with roses in them.

What is a "hanger" in this context?

Who or what is described as "the chief horror of the scene"?

Which work exemplifies the hortatory sermon?

But starting sudden to his path

A phantom seem'd to glide,

A plume of feathers on his head,

A quiver at his side.

What is "a plume of feathers"?

In what short story collection were both "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" and "Rip Van Winkle" initially published?

What work envisions racial equality and harmony

But all these were nothing to the tales of ghosts and apparitions that succeeded. The neighborhood is rich in legendary treasures of the kind. Local tales and superstitions thrive best in these sheltered, long-settled retreats; but are trampled under foot by the shifting throng that forms the population of most of our country places. Besides, there is no encouragement for ghosts in most of our villages, for they have scarcely had time to finish their first nap and turn themselves in their graves, before their surviving friends have travelled away from the neighborhood; so that when they turn out at night to walk their rounds, they have no acquaintance left to call upon. This is perhaps the reason why we so seldom hear of ghosts except in our long-established ... communities.

What is the title of this work?

The ambitious spirits of his brother chieftain Sassacus, had ever aspired to dominion over the allied tribes - and immediately after the appearance of the English, the same temper was manifest in a jealously of their encroachments. He employed all his art and influence and authority, to unite the tribes for the extirpation of the dangerous invaders. Mononotto, on the contrary, averse to all hostility, and foreseeing no danger from them, was the advocate of a hospitable reception, and pacific conduct.

What does "extirpation" mean?

What is the name of Rip's son?

I should look at all the skins, and I know that when I cast my eye upon that white skin, and if I saw those crimes written upon it, I should enter my protest against it immediately and cleave to the which is more honorable. And I can tell you that I am satisfied with the manner of my creation, fully—whether others are or not.

Which of the following is the author of this passage?

"Mingled with fine wheat and the fat of a new-born babe," said the shape of old goodman Brown. "Ah, your worship knows the receipt," cried the old lady, cackling aloud. "So, as I was saying, being all ready for the meeting, and no horse to ride on, I made up my mind to foot it; for they tell me, there is a nice young man to be taken into communion to-night. But now your good worship will lend me your arm, and we shall be there in a twinkling."

The word "receipt" in this context means "a written acknowledgment of having received a specified amount of money or goods."

Now, if the Lord Jesus Christ, who is counted by all to be a Jew—and it is well known that the Jews are a colored people, especially those living in the East, where Christ was born—and if he should appear among us, would he not be shut out of doors by many, very quickly? And by those too who profess religion?

What does "profess" mean?

They well know that man was made for society, and not for hissing stocks and outcasts. And when such a principle as this lies within the hearts of men, how much it is like its God—and how it honors its Maker—and how it imitates the feelings of the Good Samaritan, that had his wounds bound up, who had been among thieves and robbers.

Which of the following is the author of this passage?

The cloud-spirits peeped from their silvery islands, as the congregated mirth went roaring up the sky! The Man in the Moon heard the far bellow. “Oho,” quoth he, “the old earth is frolicsome to-night!”

What kind of tale is this?

Which of these groups did exist in 1833?

Which character survived a massacre?

One of the works that we read describes Jesus's physical appearance. Which of these statements fits the description?

Along the way, goodman Brown and the character who seems to be the devil meet three people. Who are they?

Which of these is NOT typical of Hawthorne’s work?

Nathaniel Hawthorne had one good reason for being embarrassed for his family's history. What was that reason?

I would ask you if you would like to be disfranchised from all your rights, merely because your skin is white, and for not other crime. I'll venture to say, these very characters who hold the skin to be such a barrier in the way would be the first to cry out, "Injustice! awful injustice!"

Which of the following wrote this passage?

"While we all stood silent and motionless, we heard footsteps and cheerful voices. They came from my father and Sassacus, and their band, returning from the friendly council. They approached on the side of the hill that was covered with a thicket of oaks, and their ruined homes at once burst upon their view. Oh! what horrid sounds then pealed on the air! shouts of wailing, and cries for vengeance. Every eye was turned with suspicion and hatred on my father. . ."

What does the word "vengeance" mean?

Of the two, reverend Sir,” said the voice like the deacon’s, “I had rather miss an ordination-dinner than to-night’s meeting. They tell me that some of our community are to be here from Falmouth and beyond, and others from Connecticut an Rhode-Island; besides several of the Indian powows, who, after their fashion, know almost as much deviltry as the best of us.

What is “powow” in this context?

If you can find a spirit like Jesus Christ and his Apostles prevailing now in any of the white congregations, I should like to know it. I ask: Is it not the case that everybody that is not white is treated with contempt and counted as barbarians? And I ask if the word of God justifies the white man in so doing.

What does the word "congregations" mean here?

Who were reputedly the men that Rip met in the mountains?

In "My Kinsman, Major Molineux" the protagonist's father is what?

That 'mid the forests where they roam'd

There rings no hunter's shout;

But their name is on your waters,

Ye may not wash it out.

Who wrote this?

Which of the following is a central theme in Hawthorne’s works:

Mononotto, on the contrary, averse to all hostility, and foreseeing no danger from them, was the advocate of a hospitable reception, and pacific conduct.

What is the meaning of the word “averse”?

What did Magawisca find in the forest path as a token from her father?

It was with great difficulty that the self-important man in the cocked hat restored order; and having assumed a tenfold austerity of brow, demanded again of the unknown culprit, what he came there for, and whom he was seeking. The poor man humbly assured them that he meant no harm; but merely came there in search of some of his neighbours, who used to keep about the tavern.

What is the title of this work?

What would we call a reading where we interpret Robin's search for his relative as a consistently made parallel to the story of young America taking an important step towards self-reliance?

What is the name of Goodman Brown's wife?

My present business," continued he, speaking with lofty confidence, "is merely to inquire my way to the dwelling of my [relative]." ...

But the innkeeper turned his eyes to a written paper on the wall, which he read, or seemed to read, with occasional recurrences to the young man's figure.

"What have we here?" said he, breaking his speech into little dry fragments. "'Left the house of the subscriber, bounden servant, Hezekiah Mudge, - had on, when he went away, gray coat, leather breeches, master's third-best hat. One pound currency reward to whosoever shall lodge him in any jail of the providence.' Better trudge, boy; better trudge!"

What does this passage exemplify?

Which author used pseudonyms for his writings, including Jonathan Oldstyle and Launcelot Langstaff?

All fled save my brother, and him they took prisoner. They told him they would spare his life if he would guide them to our strong holds; he refused.

What is the title of this work?

Young Robin keeps coming to the wrong conclusions on the reactions of the townspeople. What is this narrative device called?

He seated himself, however, upon the steps of the church-door, resolving to wait the appointed time .... A few moments were consumed in philosophical speculations upon the species of man who had just left him; but having settled this point shrewdly, rationally, and satisfactorily, he was compelled to look elsewhere for his amusement. And first he threw his eyes along the street. It was of more respectable appearance than most of those into which he had wandered, and the moon, creating, like the imaginative power, a beautiful strangeness in familiar objects, gave something of romance to a scene that might not have possessed it in the light of day.

Which of the following authors wrote this passage?

“A blight came down, a blast swept by,

The cone-roof’d cabins fell,

And where that exil’d people fled,

It is not ours to tell.”

What is the title of this work?

Peter Van der Donk was a real New Netherlands historian

They well know that man was made for society, and not for hissing stocks and outcasts. And when such a principle as this lies within the hearts of men, how much it is like its God—and how it honors its maker—and how it imitates the feelings of the good Samaritan, that had his wounds bound up, who had been among thieves and robbers.

What is the title of this work?

The annals of Massachusetts Bay will inform us, that of six governors, in the space of about forty years from the surrender of the old charter, under James II., two were imprisoned by a popular insurrection - a third, as Hutchinson inclines to believe, was driven from the province by the whizzing of a musket ball - a fourth, in the opinion of the same historian, was hastened to his grave by continual bickerings with the house of representatives - and the remaining two, as well as their successors, till the Revolution, were favored with few and brief intervals of peaceful sway.

What is a "musket"?

Let me for a few moments turn your attention to the reservations in the different states of New England, and, with but few exceptions, we shall find them as follows: the most mean, abject, miserable race of beings in the world - a complete place of prodigality and prostitution.

The word "abject" means wretched.

Think ye the Eternal’s ear is deaf?

His sleepless vision dim?

Think ye the soul’s blood may not cry

From that far land to him?

What is the title of this work?

She was a blooming lass of fresh eighteen, plump as a partridge, ripe and melting and rosy-cheeked as one of her father's peaches, and universally famed, not merely for her beauty, but her vast expectations. … She wore ornaments of pure yellow gold to set off her charms, and a provokingly short petticoat to display the prettiest foot and ankle in the country round.

Which of the following characters is being described?

Death was dealt freely. None resisted – not a movement was made – not a voice lifted – not a sound escaped, save the wailings of the dying children.

Which of the following wrote this?

It was with great difficulty that the self-important man in the cocked hat restored order; and having assumed a tenfold austerity of brow, demanded again of the unknown culprit, what he came there for, and whom he was seeking. The poor man humbly assured them that he meant no harm; but merely came there in search of some of his neighbours, who used to keep about the tavern.

This work ____

Of what does Brown become guilty after his midnight meeting in the woods?

What did the walking stick of the first man that Goodman Brown met in the forest look like?

Apess concludes his piece by ___

He pointed to the rifled grave

Then raised his head on high,

And with a hollow groan invok'd

The vengeance of the sky.

In his devouring mind's eye, he pictured to himself every roasting pig running about with a pudding in its nelly, and an apple in its mouth - the pigeons were snugly put to bed in a comfortable pie, and gravy - and the ducks pairing cosily in dishes, like snug married couples, with a decent competency of onion sauce - in the porkers he saw carved out the future sleek side of bacon, and juicy relishing ham - not a turkey, but he beheld daintily trussed up, with its gizzard under its wings, and, peradventure, a necklace of savoury sausages - and even bright chanticleer himself lay sprawling on his back, in a side dish, with uplifted claws, as if crawling that quarter which his chivalrous spirit disdained to ask while living.

Who or what is "chanticleer"?

While avoiding the terrors of of his wife one day, the main character hears a sound that begins his odd adventure. That sound is described most aptly as ___

Many writers turned editors of magazines or newspapers in order to see their work published. Washington Irving was one of those writers.

"Come, goodman Brown!" cried his fellow-traveler, "this is a dull pace for the beginning of a journey. Take my staff, if you are so soon weary." "Friend," said the other, exchanging his slow pace for a full stop, "having kept covenant by meeting thee here, it is my purpose now to return whence I came. I have scruples, touching the matter thou wot'st of."

The word "wot'st" ("wotest") is an archaic word, what does it mean?

It was near nine o'clock of a moonlight evening, when a boat crossed the ferry with a single passenger, who had obtained his conveyance at that unusual hour by the promise of an extra fare. While he stood on the landing-place, searching in either pocket for the means of fulfilling his agreement, the ferryman lifted a lantern, by the aid of which, and the newly risen moon, he took a very accurate survey of the stranger's figure. He was a youth of barely eighteen years, evidently country-bred, and now, as it should seem, upon his first visit to town.

What is the title of this work?

[He] came forth, at sunset, into the street of Salem village, but put his head back, after crossing the threshold, to exchange a parting kiss with his young wife. And [she], ... aptly named, thrust her own pretty head into the street...

Who wrote this passage?

Apess was in favour of racial segregation.

He was tall and exceedingly lank, with narrow shoulders, long arms and legs, hands that dangled a mile out of his sleeves, and feet that might have served for shovels. His head was small, and flat at top, with huge ears, large green glassy eyes, and a long snipe nose, so that it looked like a weathercock perched upon his spindle neck, to tell which way the wind blew.

Who is being described?

He was famed for great skill in horsemanship; he was foremost at all races and cockfights; and, with the ascendancy which bodily strength acquires in rustic life, was the umpire in all disputes. He was always ready for either a fight or a frolic, but had more mischief and good humor than ill will in his composition.

Who is being described?

The children of the village, too, would shout with joy whenever he approached. He assisted at their sports, made their playthings, taught them to fly kites and shoot marbles, and told them long stories of ghosts, witches, and Indians.

What does this work draw upon?

His heart began to sing within him - he endeavoured to resume his psalm tune, but his parched tongue clove to the roof of his mouth, and he could not utter a stave.

What does the word "stave" mean in this context?

Washington Irving did one thing very common for writers of his time. What was that?