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STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 45mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The outermost layer is the ________.

a)

mantle

b)

crust

c)

inner core

d)

outer core

2.

The layer below the crust is the ____________.

a)

oceanic crust

b)

mantle

c)

inner core

d)

continental crust

3.

The core is made up mostly of _______________.

a)

oxygen

b)

magnesium

c)

iron

d)

carbon

4.

All known life exist on this layer.

a)

inner core

b)

mantle

c)

core

d)

crust

5.

The inner core is ____________.

a)

unknown at this time

b)

molten rock due to immense heat and pressure

c)

solid iron core due to immense heat and pressure

d)

liquid lava due to convection currents

6.

The outer core is ___________.

a)

oxygen

b)

brittle rock

c)

solid rock

d)

molten rock

7.

The inner core is as hot as _________.

a)

100 ovens

b)

the surface of the sun

c)

the big bang

d)

Utah in the summer

8.

The rock type that makes up Oceanic Crust is __________.

a)

granite

b)

conglomerate

c)

basalt

d)

gold

9.

The rock type that makes up continental crust is ____________________.

a)

copper

b)

silver

c)

basalt

d)

granite

10.

Ocean water this part of the upper layer.

a)

oceanic crust

b)

continental crust

c)

mantle

d)

Inner core

11.

This layer has rocks that move in circular motion.

a)

crust

b)

continental crust

c)

mantle

d)

oceanic crust

12.

This layer has the hottest temperatures of all the layers.

a)

continental crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

13.

The mantle in the Earth continually heats up and cools down using convection currents.

a)

True

b)

False

14.

Mantle material rises in convection currents because heated materials become more dense.

a)

True

b)

False

15.
Convection currents affect the movement of plates on the Earth's crust.
a)
True
b)
False
16.
The physical layer of Earth made of solid rock and soil is called the ___________. 
a)
mesosphere
b)
lithosphere
c)
asthenosphere
d)
mantle
17.
Which of the following causes Earth's tectonic plates to move?
a)
Energy from the Sun
b)
Magnetic Pole Reversal
c)
Convection currents in the mantle
d)
Faults in Mountain Ranges
18.
What type of plate boundary is this?
a)
Plate
b)
Divergent
c)
Convergent
d)
Transform
19.
What type of event will occur at this boundary?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Volcano Eruption
c)
Tornado
d)
Mountain Building
20.

A divergent boundary occurs when plates ....

a)

Pull apart

b)

Come together

c)

Slide past each other

d)

subducting

21.
What type of plate boundary is this?
a)
Transform
b)
Convergent
c)
Divergent
d)
Plate
22.

Oceanic Trenches are formed by _______ plate boundaries

a)

Convergent

b)

Transform

c)

Plate

d)

Divergent

23.

Islands can form from magma which is pushed up at a __________ plate boundary

a)

Divergent

b)

Reformers

c)

Convergent

d)

Transformers

24.

Mountains are created when....

a)

Two continental plates collide

b)

Two oceanic plates pull apart

c)

An Oceanic plate subducts under a Continental Plate

d)

Two continental plates pull apart

25.

The Great Rift Valley in Africa and the Mid-Ocean Ridge were all created by this boundary

a)

Divergent

b)

Convergent

c)

Reform

d)

Transform

26.

What are the two types of crust

a)

continental and oceanic

b)

ocean and upper

c)

lower and upper

d)

pizza and subway

27.

Transform boundaries are most likely to produce what phenomenon?

a)

volcanoes

b)

deep sea trenches

c)

underwater mountain ranges

d)

earthquakes

28.

When an oceanic plate and a continental plate collide, which one will subduct?

a)

oceanic

b)

continental

c)

neither

29.

A subduction zone is formed...

a)

when one tectonic plate sinks below another

b)

at every type of convergent plate boundary

c)

at every type of divergent plate boundary

d)

at transform boundaries

30.
Who is the scientist who proposed Continental Drift Theory?
a)
Albert Einstein
b)
Alfred Wegener
c)
Isaac Newton
d)
John Dalton
31.
What is this a picture of?
a)
plate tectonics
b)
continental drift
c)
pangea
d)
glacier scaring
32.
This is a picture of glacier scars found in Africa.  What are these evidence for?
a)
Africa has always been near the equator
b)
Africa was once in an area of the Earth that had a very cold climate
c)
The continents have not moved
d)
sea floor spreading
33.
Who is the person credited with developing the theory of continental drift?
a)
Harry Hess
b)
Galileo
c)
Alfred Wegener
d)
Newton
34.

What does the theory of continental drift state?

a)

The continents were once joined in a super-continent and have moved over time

b)

Continents are stationary and do not move

c)

The Earth is broken into lithospheric plates that move due to convection currents

d)

none of the above

35.

What evidence did Wegener use to develop his theory of continental drift?

a)

Continents and fossils fitting together/matching-up like puzzle pieces

b)

glacier scars and other climate evidence from temperature

c)

mountain ranges and rocks line up across continents

d)

all of the above

36.

Why did other scientists have a hard time believing Wegeners theory of continental drift?

a)

He could not explain HOW the continents moved

b)

He didn't have enough evidence

c)

His evidence was wrong

d)

He didn't use the right technology to gather data

37.

What two specific continents fit together most noticeably?

a)

Africa and North America

b)

South America and Europe

c)

South America and Africa

d)

Antartica and Africa

38.

How does fossil evidence support Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift?

a)

Similar fossils are found along continental margins that appear to join together.

b)

Fossils are found in areas where the present-day climate could not have supported the organisms that made the fossils.

c)

Similar fossils of giant, land-dwelling dinosaurs are found on continents separated by oceans.

d)

all of the above

39.
As you travel from the crust to the inner core, how would temperature, pressure and density of the material change?
a)
The would all increase
b)
The would all decrease.
c)
They would stay the same.  
d)
Temperature would decrease, but pressure and density would increase. 
40.

Originally the Continental drift theory was not well received by other scientist. Why?

a)

There was a competing theory at the time that was more believable.

b)

There was no data showing the continents ever moved.

c)

The scientists did not know the force responsible for moving the continents.

d)

The scientist presenting the data was unreliable.

41.
The best evidence that the continents were once connected is that they have matching
a)
Weather, fossils, and Rock Types
b)
Rock types, fossils, coastlines
c)
Coastlines, weather, rock types
d)
Coastlines, weather, fossils
42.
In the Atlantic ocean, where is the youngest seafloor located?
a)
Towards the edges, near the eastern and western continents
b)
Towards the middle of the ocean
c)
Towards the north and south poles
d)
Young seafloor is located randomly throughout the ocean
43.
How do scientists figure out the age of the seafloor?
a)
They research it from ancient sea maps that trading vessels would use in the 1700s
b)
They use the moon phases and eclipses to calculate the age
c)
They use seismographs and the depth as well as location of earthquakes to calculate the age
d)
They take drill ships to many locations in the oceans and collect, then date, rock samples. 
44.
True or False: The plates will never stop moving
a)
True
b)
False
45.
Where would the oldest rock be found?
a)
L
b)
M
c)
N
d)
O
46.

How is it possible for new crust to be formed without increasing the surface area of the Earth?

a)

New crust breaks more easily than old crust

b)

New crust is underwater where it sinks

c)

Crust is destroyed at the same time it is created

d)

Crust is eaten by evil demons

47.

The Himalayas in Asia are an example of what type of plate boundary?

a)

divergent

b)

continent-to-continent convergent

c)

ocean-to-continent convergent

d)

transform

48.

The Great Rift Valley in Africa and the Mid-Ocean Ridge were all created by this boundary

a)

Divergent

b)

Convergent

c)

Reform

d)

Transform

49.

Which of the following objects best represents the movement that occurs during sea-floor spreading?

a)

Elevator

b)

Conveyor belt

c)

Rollercoaster

d)

Hot air balloon

50.
What process is occurring at Z?
a)
Convection currents       
b)
 Subduction 
c)
Two plates moving apart
d)
New ocean floor forming

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