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WorksheetsMusculoskeletal
Total questions: 52
Worksheet time: 52mins
A medical emergency that must be identified immediately. Pressure within the muscle compartment or cast increases as perfusion to the area decreases which could lead to necrosis and irreversible neuromuscular damage. Pain is worse with movement.
Compact syndrome
Avascular necrosis
Compartment syndrome
Atherosclerosis
Avoiding usage of pillows behind the knee prevents which of the following post-op complications?
Flexion contractures
Extensor contractures
Avascular necrosis
Footdrop
Trochanter rolls can be used to prevent what?
Joint extention
Compartment syndrome
Internal rotation
External rotation
What precautions should be made to prevent hip dislocation after total hip arthroplasty? (select all that apply)
Avoid flexing the hip more than 90 degrees
Prevent external rotation
Keep the head of the bed below 45 degrees
Avoid allowing the legs to cross the midline
Do not bend at the waist more than 90 degrees
Forward curvature of the thoracic spine is referred to as__________
Lordosis
Callus
Scoliosis
Kyphosis
Symptoms of neurovascular compromise: ( select all that apply)
Poikilothermia
Pain
Position
Pallor
Paresthesia
The three types of joints include: ( select all that apply)
Synarthrosis
Amphiarthrosis
Diarthorsis
Epimysium
Ossification
If the nurse hears grating or cracking sound in joints, he or she would document this as:
Clonus
Effusion
Contracture
Crepitus
An increased lumbar curvature or "swayback" is called:
scoliosis
kyphosis
lordosis
goniometer
An instrument that measures the precise degree of motion in a particular joint is called:
sphygmomanometer
barometer
lordosis
goniometer
Movement of body part so front or ventral surface faces upward is called:
supination
external rotation
abduction
eversion
Muscle disuse leads to a reduction in size called:
hypertonicity
hypotonicity
dilation
atrophy
A client recovering from a fractured arm is scheduled for an x-ray three weeks after the injury. The nurse explains to the client that the purpose of this x-ray is to:
evaluate the ossification stage of bone healing.
determine the presence of a callus.
assess if fibroblasts have invaded the fracture site.
determine if a hematoma has formed at the fracture site.
A client, experiencing a fractured arm, asks the nurse why the splint is being applied. Which of the following is the nurse's best response?
“It reduces the need for a cast.”
“It reduces swelling and pain at the site of injury.”
“It prevents the need for surgery.”
“It immobilizes the muscles and joints.”
A client with a right arm cast is experiencing signs of a serious complication. Which of the following would cause the nurse the most concern?
Capillary refill time less than 3 seconds
Finger movement
Itching under the cast
Severe pain to the right arm that continues after receiving analgesic
A patient who has had an open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of left lower leg fractures complains of severe pain in the leg, which is unrelieved by the prescribed morphine. Pulses are faintly palpable and the foot is cool. Which action should the nurse take next?
Notify the health care provider.
Assess the incision for redness.
Reposition the left leg on pillows.
Check the patient’s blood pressure.
Which action will the nurse take in order to evaluate the effectiveness of Buck’s traction for a patient who has an intracapsular fracture of the left femur?
Assess for hip contractures.
Monitor for hip dislocation.
Check the pulses distal to injury.
Ask about left hip pain level.
A 65-year-old Hispanic female is admitted to the hospital with a pathologic, compound, transverse fracture of the femur. Which of the following statements best describes this type of fracture?
The fracture line is parallel to the bone.
The fracture line is in a spiraled line around the bone.
The fracture line is perpendicular to the bone.
The fracture broke the bone into several pieces.
Which of the following describes a Colles fracture?
The distal radius is broken.
The distal fibula is broken.
A vertebra is crushed.
A spontaneous fracture occurred in weakened bone.
A patient is being assessed for range-of-joint movement. The nurse asks her to move her arm away from the center of her body. This movement is called:
Flexion
Abduction
Adduction
Extension
A nurse witnesses a car strike a pedestrian at a low speed on a small street. The individual is dazed and tries to get up, and the leg appears fractured. The nurse should plan to perform which action?
Try to manually reduce and align the fracture.
Help the person get up and walk to the sidewalk.
Leave the person for a minute to call 911.
Stay with the person to calm them and help them to stay still.
You are evaluating the pin sites of a client in skeletal traction. Which of the following findings would be of least concern?
Inflammation
Serous drainage
Pain at a pin site
Purulent drainage
You are assigned to care for a patient with many injuries who has just been admitted to the med-surg unit. The patient has a leg fracture, and a plaster cast has been applied. In positioning the casted leg, you should perform which intervention?
Keep the leg level for 24-48 hours.
Elevate the extremity for 3 hours, and then put it level for 1 hour.
Keep the extremity level for 3 hours, and elevate it for 1 hour
Elevate the extremity on pillows continuously for 24 to 48 hours.
A patient is scheduled for an MRI of the pelvis. Which of the following actions is priority?
Obtain an order for a chest x-ray first
Ask about a family history of MRI complications
Verify the patient has been NPO for at least 8 hours
Ask about the age of their tattoos
A patient with a leg fracture is waiting to have surgery. To align the bone ends and prevent severe muscle spasm until surgery can be performed, the patient should be immobilized using:
an immobilizer
a cast
skin traction
skeletal traction
Which of the following is a risk factor for osteoporosis?
elevated blood pressure
low calcium intake
depression
bleeding disorders
Identify this type of muscle.
cardiac
smooth
skeletal
Which muscle tissue has striations?
Smooth
Cardiac
Skeletal
Skeletal and Cardiac
Smooth and Cardiac
Which chemical accumulates in muscles when oxygen is depleted and muscle becomes fatigued?
myoglobin
hemoglobin
lactic acid
carbon dioxide
A person with osteoporosis can be observed to have a history of which symptom?
cancer
nodules
rashes
fractures
A patient was struck in the right upper arm with a baseball bat. Which sign or symptom indicates the highest probability that the humerus has been fractured?
Crepitus felt on palpation
Pain to the right upper arm
Hematoma to the upper arm
Decreased sensation in the right hand
A nurse is providing instructions to a client receiving Baclofen (Lioresal). Which of the following would be included in the teaching plan?
A. Limit fluid intake.
B. Hold the medication if diarrhea occurs.
C. Restrict alcohol intake.
D. Notify the physician if weakness occurs.
A patient is seen at the urgent care center after falling on the right arm and shoulder. It will be most important for the nurse to determine
how much range of motion (ROM) is present.
whether the right arm is shorter than the left.
whether there is bruising at the shoulder area.
the amount of pain the patient is experiencing.
A 58-year-old woman who has been menopausal for 5 years is diagnosed with osteoporosis following densitometry testing. The woman has been concerned about her risk for osteoporosis because her mother has the condition. In teaching the woman about her osteoporosis, the nurse explains that
with a family history of osteoporosis, there is no way to prevent or slow gradual bone resorption
estrogen replacement therapy must be started to prevent rapid progression of her osteoporosis.
continuous, low-dose corticosteroid treatment is effective in stopping the course of osteoporosis.
even with a family history of osteoporosis, the calcium loss from bones can be slowed by increased calcium intake and exercise.
A young client is in the hospital with his left leg in Buck's traction. The team leader asks the nurse to place a footplate on the affected side at the bottom of the bed. The purpose of this action is to:
anchor the traction
prevent foot drop
keep the client from sliding down the bed
prevent pressure areas on the foot
Which of the following would lead the nurse to suspect that a client with a fracture of the right femur may have developed a fat embolism?
Acute respiratory distress
Migraine-like headaches
Numbness in the right leg
Muscle spasms in the right thigh
Which cast care instructions should the nurse provide to a client who just had a plaster cast applied to the right forearm? Select all that apply.
Keep the cast clean and dry.
Allow the cast 24 to 72 hours to dry.
Expect tingling and numbness in the extremity.
Use a soft padded object that will fit under the cast to scratch the skin under the cast.
The nurse is assessing a client who had a fractured femur repaired with an external fixator device. Which assessment finding would cause the nurse concern regarding the development of compartment syndrome? Select all that apply:
Decrease in pulse rate in affected leg.
Paresthesia distal to area of injury.
Client angry and calling loudly to the nurse every ten minutes.
Toes on affected leg cool to touch and edematous.
Complaints of leg pain unrelieved by analgesics or repositioning.
What is the treatment of compartment syndrome?
administration of diuretic medication
surgical fasciotomy
administration of corticosteroid injection
analgesic administration
Which of the following is characteristic of a spiral fracture?
bone has splintered into several fragments
bone splinters- doesn’t break in two
fracture twisting around bone shaft- usually caused by twisting force
open fracture- skin/mucous membranes also involved- bone exposed
Which of the following is characteristic of a greenstick fracture?
fracture twisting around bone shaft- usually caused by twisting force
open fracture- skin/mucous membranes also involved- bone exposed
bone has splintered into several fragments
bone splinters- doesn’t break in two
