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WorksheetsHuman Systems (MS Science Bowl)
Total questions: 138
Worksheet time: 1hrs 9mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Hormones released by the posterior pituitary control numerous emotions, drives, and autonomic functions. In which of the following locations are those hormones actually produced?
a)
Thalamus
b)
Hypothalamus
c)
Anterior pituitary
d)
Amygdaloid (read as: AH-mig-lohid) body
2.
Which of the following is the region of the body where the stapes bone is located:
a)
ankle
b)
ear
c)
wrist
d)
knee
3.
Pasteur advanced the understanding of disease through which of the following?
a)
Collecting data indicating that viruses can cause disease
b)
Collecting data indicating that bacteria can cause disease
c)
Predicting that bacteria causes smallpox
d)
Providing a method to identify pathogens
4.
The human disease malaria is caused by which of the following types of pathogen?
a)
Prion
b)
Virus
c)
Protist
d)
Bacterium
5.
Which of the following enzymes assists in digestion of starches and complex sugars?
a)
Endopeptidase [en-doh-PEP-ti-days]
b)
Amylase [AM-uh-lays]
c)
Lipase
d)
Saccharidase [sa-ka-RY-days]
6.
A trans-Pacific flight passenger experiences difficulty adjusting to the difference in time zones. Which of the following supplements may ease the symptoms of jet lag?
a)
Melatonin
b)
Progestin
c)
Cortisol
d)
Thymosin
7.
Fingernails can reveal much about a person’s overall health. Which of the following nail appearances corresponds to liver disease?
a)
Half of the nail is pink and half of the nail is white
b)
The nail bed is red
c)
The nail is white
d)
The nail is yellowish, with a slight blush at the base
8.
In which of the following areas of the human body is the ileum bone found:
a)
pelvis
b)
wrist
c)
shoulder
d)
head
9.
Plasma is the part of human blood that consists mostly of which of the following?
a)
Red blood cells
b)
White blood cells
c)
Water
d)
Hemoglobin [HEE-muh-gloh-bin]
10.
Standardized terms are used to describe locations on an organism's body. Which of the following terms refers to the region of the body with the stomach?
a)
Ventral
b)
Dorsal
c)
Posterior
d)
Anterior
11.
Which of the following is NOT true about the human eye:
a)
the cornea acts as a lens with a fixed shape
b)
images that are formed on the retina are inverted
c)
most of the eye is filled with a liquid called the aqueous humor
d)
vitamin A is important for light absorbing molecules critical in vision
12.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about botulism?
a)
It is caused by a virus
b)
Food-borne botulism can thrive in raw honey
c)
Its toxin can be used to reduce severe underarm sweating
d)
It can cause paralysis
13.
Which of the following organs is the first to lose its function under hypoxic conditions?
a)
Heart
b)
Brain
c)
Liver
d)
Lungs
14.
Antibodies are composed of:
a)
lipids
b)
nucleic acids
c)
glucose
d)
amino acids
15.
In Alzheimer’s disease, which of the following brain regions shows the first signs of protein aggregation?
a)
Central amygdala [uh-MIG-duh-luh]
b)
Mediolateral frontal lobe
c)
Ventral lateral hypothalamus [hy-puh-THAL-uh-muhs]
d)
CA1 of the hippocampus [hip-uh-KAM-puhs]
16.
Which of the following is NOT an effect of the sympathetic nervous system?
a)
Stimulation of glucose release
b)
Inhibition of salivation
c)
Relaxation of bronchi
d)
Constriction of pupils
17.
Babies cannot walk well. As they grow older, which of the following parts of their nervous systems will interact with their muscles, allowing for increased coordination?
a)
Somatic
b)
Autonomic
c)
Sympathetic
d)
Parasympathetic
18.
In humans, ovulation usually occurs how many days before the start of the next menstrual period:
a)
4
b)
9
c)
14
d)
21
19.
Which of the following BEST describes muscle tone:
a)
maximum strength of a muscle
b)
length versus width of a muscle
c)
average energy use or oxygen use of a fully contracted muscle
d)
amount of tension or contraction of a resting muscle
20.
Which of the following is the scientific name for the part of the human brain where higher brain operations occur such as thinking, imagination, mathematical reasoning and language:
a)
cerebral cortex
b)
cerebellum
c)
medulla oblongata
d)
hypothalamus
21.
Which of the following neurotransmitters is NOT generally inhibitory?
a)
Glutamate
b)
GABA
c)
Glycine [GLY-seen]
d)
Serotonin
22.
A small human lymphocyte and a red blood cell are both about how many micrometers across:
a)
1
b)
3
c)
8
d)
16
23.
Which of the following is the best explanation as to why germs that infect a certain family of animals will often NOT be able to infect a different family of animals:
a)
different metabolic pathways exist in different animals
b)
germs gain entry into cells by binding to receptors which are often specific to certain groups of organisms
c)
the immune systems of different animals prevents infection of unusual diseases
d)
germs reproduce only when genes in a cell allow them
24.
What is the joint that is formed by the direct interaction of the tibia, fibula, and femur?
a)
wrist
b)
knee
c)
elbow
d)
ankle
25.
Which of the following accounts for the largest increase in cancer death rate in the USA between the years 1900 and 1990:
a)
lung
b)
breast
c)
colon
d)
stomach
26.
The exchange of gases between blood and the tissue occurs normally in:
a)
venules
b)
arterioles
c)
veins
d)
capillaries
27.
When a nerve message reaches the end of an axon it sends a message or impulse across the space between the nerves to continue its message to the next nerve by a substance best known as:
a)
synaptic nodes
b)
neuromotor stimluli
c)
neurotransmitters
d)
intersynaptic dosimeters
28.
Which of the following elements is responsible for stimulating muscle contractions?
a)
Iron
b)
Potassium
c)
Calcium
d)
Phosphorus
29.
Which of the following is NOT considered connective tissue?
a)
Cartilage
b)
Muscle
c)
Blood
d)
Ligaments
30.
Which of the following is true regarding viruses and viroids?
a)
Viroids contain RNA; viruses do not
b)
Viruses contain RNA; viroids do not
c)
Viroids contain protein; viruses do not
d)
Viruses contain protein; viroids do not
31.
When you have the flu, what part of the nervous system is responsible for elevating your body temperature?
a)
Medulla oblongata
b)
Pons
c)
Hypothalamus
d)
Brain stem
32.
During which of the following embryonic stages of a human are all 3 germ layers formed:
a)
zygote
b)
blastula
c)
gastrula
d)
morula
33.
Of the following, which is true of type I diabetes?
a)
It most often occurs later in life
b)
It is characterized by the inability of receptors to recognize insulin
c)
It is characterized by the inability of the pancreas to produce insulin
d)
It is most often due to unhealthy lifestyle choices
34.
The receptors in the retina of the eye that detect faint light and transfer non-color impulses to the brain are:
a)
corpuscles
b)
rods
c)
cones
d)
axons
35.
Which of the following is the name for the blood cell in humans that plays the most central role in regulating the immune system:
a)
macrophage
b)
mast cell
c)
erythrocyte
d)
lymphocyte
36.
Which of the following is part of the nephron in the kidney:
a)
islet cells (read as: EY-let)
b)
ureter
c)
amygdala (read as: ah-MIG-dih-la)
d)
glomerulus (read as: glow-MAIR-you-lus)
37.
In which of the following locations found in the human body is the hormone somatotropin produced?
a)
Thyroid
b)
Pituitary [pi-TOO-i-ter-ee]
c)
Thymus
d)
Adrenal
38.
When you are sick with a virus, your body builds up a defense system by making antibodies against it. Why, then, do we need to get flu shots every year?
a)
Antibodies are usually only effective for a few months
b)
We need antibiotics to combat the flu
c)
We could be flu carriers even if we are not sick
d)
The flu virus mutates every year
39.
Which of the following is the region of the body where the stapes bone is located:
a)
ankle
b)
ear
c)
wrist
d)
knee
40.
Which of the following is the hormone produced by the human body to control blood sugar and when not produced in sufficient amounts is the cause of some forms of diabetes:
a)
haemoglobin
b)
pituitary hormone
c)
insulin
d)
testosterone
41.
Which of the following infectious diseases cannot be cured with current antibiotics:
a)
strep throat
b)
toxic shock syndrome
c)
scarlet fever
d)
influenza
42.
In human nerves, the nerve impulse or message occurs primarily because of the movement of ions of what two elements across the cell membranes of nerves:
a)
sodium and potassium
b)
potassium and calcium
c)
calcium and sodium
d)
calcium and magnesium
43.
Which of the following is the location of the human thymus gland:
a)
upper chest
b)
inguinal canal
c)
abdomen
d)
brain
44.
Human pregnancy tests detect levels of which of the following hormones?
a)
Estrogen
b)
Progesterone
c)
Chorionic gonadotropin [kohr-ee-ON-ik goh-nad-uh-TROH-pin]
d)
Luteinizing hormone [loo-tee-uh-NY-zing]
45.
Which of the following is the scientific name for the thigh bone:
a)
tibia
b)
femur
c)
fibula
d)
humerus
46.
Which of the following is the location of the biceps humoris muscle:
a)
chest
b)
leg
c)
abdomen
d)
arm
47.
When uncoagulated whole blood is placed in a tube and centrifuged, it separates into two layers. The red opaque layer at the bottom of the tube is composed of the cellular components of the blood. What is the light yellow layer of clear fluid at the top of the tube fluid called?
a)
Plasma
b)
Serum
c)
Extracellular Fluid
d)
Immunoglobulin
48.
In which of the following areas of the human body is the frontal bone found:
a)
pelvis
b)
spine
c)
shoulder
d)
head
49.
You go to the doctor because you have a sore throat. She looks at your throat and sympathizes, then says, “Go home and rest, you’ll beat that virus in no time!” She does NOT write a prescription for antibiotics, however, because:
a)
Antibiotics kill bacteria and you have a viral infection
b)
Antibiotics are being overused
c)
Antibiotics are relatively inexpensive
d)
Antibiotics only work if you have a cold
50.
Which of the following is the BEST description for the location in the human body of the esophagus:
a)
behind the trachea connecting the mouth to the lungs
b)
behind the trachea connecting the mouth to the stomach
c)
in front of the trachea connecting the mouth to the stomach
d)
in front of the trachea connecting the mouth with the lungs
51.
Which of the following statements about pancreatic cancer is NOT true?
a)
Early pancreatic cancer usually does not cause symptoms
b)
Pancreatic cancer often remains contained within the pancreas
c)
Smoking is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer
d)
Pancreatic cancer is difficult to cure
52.
Which of the following best describes why humans are unable to digest cellulose?
a)
Weak stomach acid
b)
Lack of appropriate enzymes
c)
Glutamate dehydrogenase [GLOO-tuh-mayt dee-HY-druh-juh-nays]
d)
Topoisomerase [toh-poh-ee-SAH-muh-rays]
53.
Which of the following is the region of the body where the thyroid gland is located:
a)
neck
b)
abdomen
c)
brain
d)
arm pit
54.
Which of the following amino acids must we obtain in our diets?
a)
Cysteine (read as: SIS-teh-een)
b)
Leucine (read as: LUH-seen)
c)
Glutamine
d)
Glycine
55.
What is the part of the brain that is most directly involved in walking and coordination?
a)
Pre-frontal lobe
b)
Cerebrum
c)
Medulla
d)
Cerebellum
56.
What is the organ system that delivers hormones, oxygen, and nutrients to cells and transports waste products away from cells?
a)
Lymphatic system
b)
Endocrine system
c)
Respiratory system
d)
Circulatory system
57.
Which of the following vitamins is produced by bacteria in the human colon?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
D
d)
K
58.
In a heart transplant patient, which of the following cells causes transplant rejection by attacking the heart?
a)
B
b)
T
c)
Macrophage
d)
Antigen-presenting
59.
Which of the following is responsible for speeding up the transmission of action potentials across axons?
a)
Glia
b)
Synapse
c)
Dendrites
d)
Myelin (read as: MY-eh-lin)
60.
Which of the following portions of the small intestine receives food directly from the stomach?
a)
Jejunum [ji-JOO-nuhm]
b)
Duodenum [doo-uh-DEE-nuhm]
c)
Ileum [IL-ee-uhm]
d)
Plenum
61.
Which of the following is NOT part of the human respiratory system?
a)
Pharynx [FAR-ingks]
b)
Larynx [LAR-ingks]
c)
Esophagus [i-SOF-uh-guhs]
d)
Trachea [TRAY-kee-uh]
62.
Name the tiny air sacs involved in the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs.
a)
Alveoli (read as: ahl-VEE-oh-ly)
b)
Trachea
c)
Marrow
d)
Ventricles
63.
Which of the following is the pH of the normal human stomach lumen?
a)
2-3
b)
4-5
c)
6-7
d)
8-9
64.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about emphysema?
a)
Emphysema makes people progressively shorter of breath
b)
Smoking is the leading cause of emphysema
c)
Pulmonary rehabilitation can reverse the damage from emphysema
d)
Pneumothorax [noo-muh-THOHR-aks] is a possible complication of emphysema
65.
Which of the following processes is MOST under the influence of the hormone aldosterone?
a)
Sodium and potassium electrolyte balance
b)
Spermatogenesis
c)
Heart rate
d)
Gastric motility
66.
Which of the following is an intracellular parasite:
a)
malaria
b)
sleeping sickness
c)
tapeworm
d)
shigella
67.
What type of virus has the Food and Drug Administration recently approved to be sprayed on certain foods as a preservative against bacterial contamination:
a)
bacteriophage
b)
H5N1
c)
Marburg
d)
Ebola
68.
What organism acts as the vector of malaria in humans?
a)
The Anopheles mosquito
b)
The Tsetse fly
c)
The Kissing bug
d)
The flea
69.
Which of the following infectious diseases cannot be cured with current antibiotics:
a)
strep throat
b)
toxic shock syndrome
c)
scarlet fever
d)
influenza
70.
2) Which of the following techniques is best used to diagnose a disease caused by aneuploidy (read as: AHN-yuh-plohi-dee)?
a)
Protein extraction
b)
Karyotyping
c)
Electrophoresis
d)
Pedigree analysis
71.
Which of the following is the MOST common manner for transmission of beef tapeworms to humans:
a)
drinking contaminated water
b)
swimming in contaminated water
c)
eating uncooked beef
d)
stepping in cow manure
72.
Which of the following is the scientific name for the knee cap:
a)
fibula
b)
malleus
c)
patella
d)
scapula
73.
In which of the following parts of the kidney does filtration occur?
a)
Renal corpuscle
b)
Tubule
c)
Collecting duct
d)
Dendrites
74.
The development of embryonic cells that allows them to become different specialized cells of different organs and tissue and then function in very different ways in an adult organism is best explained by which of the following:
a)
they have evolved different genomes
b)
they each contain different genes
c)
they use different genetic codes
d)
different genes are expressed or turned on and off in different cells
75.
Which of the following is the location of the patella bone:
a)
shoulder
b)
knee
c)
abdomen
d)
arm
76.
Which of the following terms most commonly refers to nerves leaving the brain:
a)
posterior
b)
rostral
c)
efferent
d)
involuntary
77.
Which is not a basic muscle type in the human body?
a)
smooth
b)
skeletal
c)
ventricular
d)
cardiac
78.
What gland, located in the area beneath the sternum, is essential for a fully functional immune system?
a)
The pineal gland
b)
The hippocampus
c)
The pituitary gland
d)
The thymus
79.
Which of the following is an intracellular parasite:
a)
malaria
b)
sleeping sickness
c)
tapeworm
d)
shigella
80.
Which of the following is the organ mainly responsible for producing digestive enzymes and insulin:
a)
spleen
b)
liver
c)
thyroid
d)
pancreas
81.
What is the joint that is formed by the articulation of the tibia, fibula, and femur?
a)
wrist
b)
knee
c)
elbow
d)
ankle
82.
Which of the following hormones induces glucose uptake by cells after food consumption?
a)
Glucagon [GLOO-kuh-gon]
b)
Glucuronidase [gloo-koh-ROH-nee-dayz]
c)
Insulin
d)
Thyroxin [thy-ROK-seen]
83.
Which of the following is the name of a highly contagious skin infection that mainly affects infants and children, appearing primarily as red sores on the face?
a)
Cellulitis (read as: sehl-yeh-LY-tis)
b)
Shingles
c)
Impetigo
d)
Herpes simplex
84.
Which of the following is the most basic function of human eye lashes:
a)
to shade the eye from bright sun
b)
to prevent small particles from entering the eyes
c)
to attract a mate
d)
to help disperse tears when blinking
85.
Which of the following is the BEST description for the location of the human spleen:
a)
lower right abdomen just above the hip bone
b)
upper right abdomen just under the lower right ribs
c)
lower left abdomen just above the hip bone
d)
upper left abdomen just under the lower left ribs
86.
Which of the following is a reason why a prion is different from a virus?
a)
Viruses are not alive and do not have genomes
b)
Viruses are much smaller than prions
c)
Prions do not contain nucleic acids
d)
Prions are always enveloped, while only some viruses are
87.
Which of the following best describes antibodies:
a)
a class of polysaccharides involved in the immune system
b)
a group of proteins made by plasma cells in response to a foreign substance
c)
small bodies of insects that look like ants
d)
a class of genes produced by the immune system to fight disease
88.
To which of the following virus classes does HIV belong?
a)
Adenovirus
b)
Retrovirus
c)
Rhabdovirus [RAB-doh-vy-ruhs]
d)
Papovavirus
89.
Which of the following structures is NOT part of the human eye?
a)
Hyoid [HY-oid]
b)
Fovea [FOH-vee-uh]
c)
Retina
d)
Cornea [KOHR-nee-uh]
90.
Which of the following is NOT an example of an organ system?
a)
Muscular
b)
Endocrine (read as: ehn-DŌER-hik)
c)
Bone
d)
Digestive
91.
Hormones regulate which of the following?
a)
Growth and temperature
b)
Digestion and reproduction
c)
Development and growth
d)
Temperature and reproduction
92.
Which of the following would contain the most dietary vitamin D:
a)
1 egg yolk
b)
1 table spoon cod liver oil
c)
1 ounce Swiss cheese
d)
1 cup vitamin D-fortified whole milk
93.
The glycemic index is an index that is used to directly predict the rate at which ingested food in the human diet will increase which of the following levels in the blood:
a)
sugar
b)
lipid
c)
oxygen
d)
carbon dioxide
94.
Which of the following is NOT true regarding B-vitamins:
a)
they are fat soluble
b)
there are more than 5 different B-vitamins
c)
niacin is a B-vitamin
d)
vitamin B-12 is found in meat, milk and eggs
95.
Which of the following foods contains the MOST grams of carbohydrates:
a)
3 ounces fried beef liver
b)
1 cup lard
c)
1 cup white granulated sugar
d)
1, 8-ounce baked potato, with skin
96.
Which of the following contains the FEWEST calories:
a)
1 large, fresh apple
b)
1 large, baked potato
c)
1 cup raw spinach
d)
1 tablespoon extra virgin olive oil
97.
Which of the following foods contains the MOST milligrams of cholesterol:
a)
1 cup dry, roasted cashew nuts
b)
1 whole egg
c)
1 cup whole milk
d)
1 cup olive oil
98.
Which of the following foods contains the MOST calories:
a)
1, twelve-ounce non-diet soda
b)
1 tablespoon catsup
c)
1 8-ounce fresh orange
d)
1 tablespoon white, granulated sugar
99.
Although bioflavinoids and phytochemicals are not true vitamins, they are commonly sold as a vitamin supplement and are most commonly known for their antioxidant activity. Which of the following is the BEST dietary source for these compounds:
a)
fish
b)
fruit
c)
meat
d)
dairy
100.
Which of the following is a product found in most toothpastes for the purpose of making the teeth more resistant to decay by promoting remineralization:
a)
fluoride
b)
melamine
c)
titanium dioxide
d)
diethylene glycol
101.
Which of the following elements is essential to the human body for muscle and nerve function and maintaining fluid balance:
a)
iodine
b)
potassium
c)
calcium
d)
iron
102.
There are about 24 essential elements needed to maintain a healthy human body. Which of the following is NOT one of these elements:
a)
iodine
b)
selenium
c)
sodium
d)
cesium
103.
Which of the following meals would give humans most of the nutrients needed in a day?
a)
Vegetables, fruit, and water
b)
Meat, milk, and a piece of chocolate
c)
Bread, vegetables, and fish
d)
Meat, fish, and bread
104.
Which of the following is NOT true about nicotine:
a)
chewing or smokeless tobaccos are safe when used properly because nicotine cannot be absorbed through the mucous membrane
b)
nicotine and cyanide have been found in cigarettes
c)
during pregnancy, nicotine concentrates in breast milk and fetal blood
d)
nicotine is a plant alkaloid that is poisonous to most animals
105.
Which of the following is NOT true about Lyme disease:
a)
only a small percentage of tick bites in the U.S. result in Lyme disease
b)
in early stages, people experience flu-like symptoms
c)
Lyme disease is treated with anti-viral drugs
d)
the ticks that carry the disease are about the size of a sesame seed
106.
Which of the following practices is one of the MAIN ways of preventing Brucellosis in humans:
a)
avoid tick bites
b)
include vitamin C in your diet
c)
include niacin in your diet
d)
consume only pasteurized dairy products
107.
Which of the following diseases is LEAST likely to respond to antibiotics:
a)
pertussis or whooping cough
b)
tetanus
c)
hepatitis C
d)
strep throat
108.
Which of the following is an autoimmune disease:
a)
Lupus
b)
spina bifida
c)
scabies
d)
yellow fever
109.
A person is brought into a hospital following a terrible accident. This person has no difficulty speaking, but his words are out of sequence and do not make sense. Additionally, he is very agitated and will try to attack the doctors if given the chance. He also seems to have severe memory impairments. Based on this information, which region of his brain does NOT appear to be damaged?
a)
Wernicke’s area
b)
Broca’s area
c)
Hippocampus [hip-uh-KAM-puhs]
d)
Amygdala [uh-MIG-duh-luh]
110.
Ebola hemorrhagic fever is a severe, often fatal, disease in humans and nonhuman primates. It is caused by infection with the Ebola virus. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Ebola?
a)
Ebola typically occurs in sporadic outbreaks
b)
Health care workers should wear protective clothing such as masks, gowns, goggles, and gloves
c)
The Ebola virus originated in monkeys
d)
The disease takes between 2 days to 3 weeks to incubate
111.
Thyroid disease is typically thought of as:
a)
a blood disorder
b)
a metabolic disease
c)
a digestive system disorder
d)
an immune system disorder
112.
A number of people became ill after eating an oyster dinner in a restaurant. Which of the following statements is a hypothesis that may help explain why these people became sick?
a)
People who ate dinner on Thursday night at the restaurant became ill
b)
Anyone who eats oysters will get sick
c)
The oysters served at the restaurant were contaminated with bacteria
d)
Symptoms of the illness were nausea and dizziness
113.
Which of the following components of the human body did NOT form from the mesoderm?
a)
Muscles
b)
Reproductive system
c)
Nervous system
d)
Kidneys
114.
Name the body system to which tonsils belong.
a)
Digestive system
b)
Circulatory system
c)
Immune/lymphatic system
d)
Excretory system
115.
At which of the following locations in the human body does the Krebs cycle occur?
a)
Ribosome [RY-buh-sohm]
b)
Mitochondrial matrix [my-tuh-KON-dree-uhl]
c)
Cytosol [SY-tuh-sol]
d)
Phospholipid bilayer [fos-foh-LIP-id]
116.
In the human body, which of the following processes is considered to be anabolic?
a)
Glycolysis [gly-KOL-uh-sis]
b)
The breakdown of fatty acids in the process of beta oxidation
c)
The synthesis of glycogen [GLY-kuh-juhn] in the liver from glucose
d)
The breakdown of polypeptides [pol-ee-PEP-tyds] in the stomach
117.
In humans, fertilization of the egg occurs most typically in which of the following?
a)
ovary
b)
vagina
c)
uterus
d)
fallopian tube
118.
Which of the following is NOT true of glycerol:
a)
it has 3 carbons
b)
it is sometimes used as a sweetener in human foods
c)
it has no caloric value in humans
d)
it is considered a sugar alcohol
119.
People who are lactose intolerant are unable to digest the sugar present in which of the following:
a)
milk
b)
wheat
c)
peanuts
d)
eggs
120.
If you were told you were anemic and had to increase your dietary iron uptake, which of the following foods would provide the most iron:
a)
green beans
b)
spinach
c)
beef spleen
d)
broiled chicken thighs
121.
Which of the following is NOT true in nutrition:
a)
poor diet and exercise in youths and adolescents are risk factors for osteoporosis in later life
b)
selenium is considered a trace element
c)
calcium plays a central role in blood clotting and muscle function
d)
vitamin E is a water-soluble vitamin
122.
Which of the following is an anti-oxidant vitamin typically found in relatively high amounts in vegetable oils, nuts and dark green leafy vegetables:
a)
vitamin K
b)
vitamin C
c)
vitamin D
d)
vitamin E
123.
Why are fruits and vegetables essential in a healthy mammalian diet?
a)
They have a high water content
b)
They are the best source of protein
c)
They are rich in minerals and vitamins
d)
They are the best source of carbohydrates
124.
Which of the following terms describes the relationship between L-ascorbic acid and D-ascorbic acid?
a)
Diastereomers [dy-uh-STER-ee-uh-mers]
b)
Constitutional isomers
c)
Enantiomers [i-NAN-tee-uh-mers]
d)
Epimers
125.
Which of the following is NOT a recessive trait?
a)
Cystic fibrosis
b)
Colorblindness
c)
Huntington’s disease
d)
Hemophilia
126.
Which of the following can sometimes result after a moderate to severe blow to the head:
a)
Down syndrome
b)
meningitis
c)
impetigo
d)
concussion
127.
If you notice a red-ringed rash similar to the shape of a bull’s-eye, which of the following diseases would you expect you have:
a)
malaria
b)
poison ivy
c)
sickle cell anemia
d)
Lyme disease
128.
You wake up in the morning and your eyelids are stuck together with a thin or thick discharge caused by inflammation of the clear membrane that covers the white part of your eyes. Which of the following is MOST likely your problem:
a)
sinusitis
b)
cellulitis
c)
osteomyelitis
d)
conjunctivitis
129.
Which of the following is the most effective means of preventing the spread of infections in hospitals?
a)
antibiotic treatment
b)
proper sterilization of all materials
c)
washing hands frequently
d)
wearing surgical masks
130.
Which of the following is the most common cause of deaths in American women between the ages of 20 and 40?
a)
AIDS
b)
breast cancer
c)
colon cancer
d)
heart attacks
131.
Which of the following is a gas which presents a serious risk for cancer to thousands of Americans?
a)
Chlorine
b)
Argon
c)
Neon
d)
Radon
132.
Rickets, which was a common disease in the early twentieth century, is caused by a deficiency in what vitamin:
a)
riboflavin
b)
vitamin B12
c)
vitamin K
d)
vitamin D
133.
Which of the following is a highly contagious disease and is easily spread from person to person by simply coughing or sneezing:
a)
HIV
b)
Lyme disease
c)
chickenpox
d)
cellulitis
134.
Chickenpox is a disease caused by a:
a)
bacteria
b)
fungus
c)
virus
d)
protozoan
135.
A severe and chronic deficiency in what vitamin causes the disease known as pellagra:
a)
vitamin C
b)
vitamin D
c)
niacin
d)
thiamine
136.
As people age, their eyes exhibit increasing difficulties in focusing on objects. This condition, known as presbyopia [prez-bee-OH-pee-uh], likely results from the loss of elasticity in which of the following parts of the eye?
a)
Lens
b)
Cornea
c)
Iris
d)
Retina
137.
Which genetic disorder is caused by a mutation in one gene, leading to thick, sticky mucus clogging the lungs, pancreas, and passageways in other organs?
a)
Cystic fibrosis
b)
Huntington’s disease
c)
Klinefelter syndrome
d)
Sickle cell anemia
138.
Which of the following is a type of burn in which the outer layer of keratin in the skin and the dermis are damaged and is referred to as a full-thickness burn:
a)
1st degree
b)
2nd degree
c)
3rd degree
d)
4th degree
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